Subject: Southern California swarm
From: Pete Rowe ptrowe@.........
Date: Thu, 2 Apr 2009 09:43:38 -0700 (PDT)
FYI
This site
http://www.scsn.org/
has info on the Salton Sea swam near the Mexican border.
Pete
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;">FYI<br>This site<br>http://www.scsn.org/ <br><br>has info on the Salton Sea swam near the Mexican border.<br>Pete<br></td></tr></table><br>
Subject: Re: Designing a new vertical sensor
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Fri, 3 Apr 2009 17:49:37 -0700
NOTES From A layman (Vs Expert):
I believe that increasing the mass
will increase the signal to noise ratio but not sure.
I used an old 500Lb. seismometer once that
had a 100+ lb AVADUPOISE. ( I think ) mass and it would receive
even the surface waves well yet it was a 1 sec device.
Best vertical I ever tried.
USE Pb ( PlumBum ) as the mass.
A typical soda can of Lead.
Possibly 8 + LBS avd. or around 1 gallon of water.
I believe that using a balanced sensor will
make the electronics easier to build by
providing a proper input for a op amp diff amp.
As well as doubling the signal level
and somewhat lowering the noise level.
Noise will cancel 50% of the time but also
increase 50% time so possibly there is no
noise advantage to this.
A balanced sensor is two coils/magnets wired in
additive fashion with the center point grounded
making a single three wire sensor.
(SORT OF CLASS "B" push pull kind of thing but not exactly that)
But both must be matched as close as possible to being
identical. Both sensors can use the same mass
or be two separate single devices on the same
foundation (platform). Cable should be 100%
shielded and possibly the preamp located at the sensor
itself with maybe 50Ft of cable at most.
The shield should probably be cut just before reaching the
sensor but not sure. If everything is insulated from EARTH you
might surround even the sensor in the electrical ground.
Grounding is important to eliminate static and RFI
noise as well as the 60hz power hum that might originate
from power lines.
Use magnetic damping separate from the sensor
and you will get better output from the sensor.
IF you could place the mass in a vacuum
there would be no buoyancy effects for
changes in air density on the mass.
The greater the A/d Resolution the lower the overall
gain needs to be in the electronics.
Filter Low Pass the output so that the Aliasing
Freq occurs at 0Db or less of electrical gain if possible.
Match all your components as closely as possible
in the preamp to avoid baseline drifting and common
mode problems ( same signal on the two main signal leads ) .
Double regulate the power supply with at least
three+ volts between the output and the source.
So if you got 5 volts out you need at very least 8
volts in.
Anything at all that varies could affect the input
into your A/D converter. And all you want is pure signal.
The best of all would possibly be a three axis signal that is
mathematically combined to create a single magnitude.
But then you are not concerning yourself with the
three dimensions but only phases and first time
of arrival which is what interests myself the most.
Some people believe that the sensor magnet is fixed
to the physical ground
is the best way to go but not sure here since I have
had excellent results with short period devices
the other way around.
If you could string 100 devices together
50 on each side of Signal ground
And locate them on the same platform
just think of the sensitivity
that might produce. But who has that
kind of monies
It seems to me that all kinds of waves
may be realized in the vertical since
when you squeeze or relax forces in the earth
bulges will be realized at the surface
as vertical motions.
( Pardon my terms I am only a layman :-) )
I think you are not interested in the electronics
but not sure about that. Need the tools.Expensive.
(designing/Making Your Own or building premade kits)
But you can do exactly what you want this way.
I do not recommend this unless you have great amount time
on your hands.
geoff
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Designing a new vertical sensor
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Fri, 3 Apr 2009 19:42:04 -0600
Thanks, Geoffrey, I will read your suggestions and notes carefully.
Ted
----- Original Message -----
From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Friday, April 03, 2009 6:49 PM
Subject: Re: Designing a new vertical sensor
> NOTES From A layman (Vs Expert):
>
> I believe that increasing the mass
> will increase the signal to noise ratio but not sure.
> I used an old 500Lb. seismometer once that
> had a 100+ lb AVADUPOISE. ( I think ) mass and it would receive
> even the surface waves well yet it was a 1 sec device.
> Best vertical I ever tried.
> USE Pb ( PlumBum ) as the mass.
> A typical soda can of Lead.
> Possibly 8 + LBS avd. or around 1 gallon of water.
>
> I believe that using a balanced sensor will
> make the electronics easier to build by
> providing a proper input for a op amp diff amp.
> As well as doubling the signal level
> and somewhat lowering the noise level.
> Noise will cancel 50% of the time but also
> increase 50% time so possibly there is no
> noise advantage to this.
>
> A balanced sensor is two coils/magnets wired in
> additive fashion with the center point grounded
> making a single three wire sensor.
> (SORT OF CLASS "B" push pull kind of thing but not exactly that)
> But both must be matched as close as possible to being
> identical. Both sensors can use the same mass
> or be two separate single devices on the same
> foundation (platform). Cable should be 100%
> shielded and possibly the preamp located at the sensor
> itself with maybe 50Ft of cable at most.
>
> The shield should probably be cut just before reaching the
> sensor but not sure. If everything is insulated from EARTH you
> might surround even the sensor in the electrical ground.
> Grounding is important to eliminate static and RFI
> noise as well as the 60hz power hum that might originate
> from power lines.
>
> Use magnetic damping separate from the sensor
> and you will get better output from the sensor.
>
> IF you could place the mass in a vacuum
> there would be no buoyancy effects for
> changes in air density on the mass.
>
> The greater the A/d Resolution the lower the overall
> gain needs to be in the electronics.
>
> Filter Low Pass the output so that the Aliasing
> Freq occurs at 0Db or less of electrical gain if possible.
>
> Match all your components as closely as possible
> in the preamp to avoid baseline drifting and common
> mode problems ( same signal on the two main signal leads ) .
>
> Double regulate the power supply with at least
> three+ volts between the output and the source.
> So if you got 5 volts out you need at very least 8
> volts in.
>
> Anything at all that varies could affect the input
> into your A/D converter. And all you want is pure signal.
>
> The best of all would possibly be a three axis signal that is
> mathematically combined to create a single magnitude.
> But then you are not concerning yourself with the
> three dimensions but only phases and first time
> of arrival which is what interests myself the most.
>
> Some people believe that the sensor magnet is fixed
> to the physical ground
> is the best way to go but not sure here since I have
> had excellent results with short period devices
> the other way around.
>
> If you could string 100 devices together
> 50 on each side of Signal ground
> And locate them on the same platform
> just think of the sensitivity
> that might produce. But who has that
> kind of monies
>
> It seems to me that all kinds of waves
> may be realized in the vertical since
> when you squeeze or relax forces in the earth
> bulges will be realized at the surface
> as vertical motions.
> ( Pardon my terms I am only a layman :-) )
>
> I think you are not interested in the electronics
> but not sure about that. Need the tools.Expensive.
> (designing/Making Your Own or building premade kits)
> But you can do exactly what you want this way.
> I do not recommend this unless you have great amount time
> on your hands.
> geoff
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sat, 04 Apr 2009 02:14:15 +0000
Hello
I have made changes to my Lehman type sensor. It now works (peak is
there) on 0.3Hz, with the lower end around 0.030Hz. I hope that this is
good enough for me to record teleseismic events.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Lehman sensor help ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sat, 04 Apr 2009 15:40:17 +0000
Hello
Can some one help me with checking the lehman sensor data that I
currently get. I did not record the Mw6.2 earthquake this night. I did
also not record a Mb4.7 earthquake close to Jan Mayen this morning. It
did not show up on any of my sensors.
The sensor spikes at 0.3Hz, but that might be because I live close the
ocean.
If anyone has intresting in getting data from the sensor to check out. I
can send it.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Designing a new vertical sensor
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sat, 4 Apr 2009 08:53:15 -0700
Hello tchannel;
If you were to mathematically combine
using trig or whatever three seismic signals
the signals must be captured in synchronization.
This means all samples (X,Y,Z) have to be collected
at the very same instants in time.
I have never seen such a thing before in
the civilian world.
geoff
----- Original Message -----
From: "tchannel" <tchannel@............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Friday, April 03, 2009 6:42 PM
Subject: Re: Designing a new vertical sensor
> Thanks, Geoffrey, I will read your suggestions and notes carefully.
>
> Ted
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
> To: <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Friday, April 03, 2009 6:49 PM
> Subject: Re: Designing a new vertical sensor
>
>
>> NOTES From A layman (Vs Expert):
>>
>> I believe that increasing the mass
>> will increase the signal to noise ratio but not sure.
>> I used an old 500Lb. seismometer once that
>> had a 100+ lb AVADUPOISE. ( I think ) mass and it would receive
>> even the surface waves well yet it was a 1 sec device.
>> Best vertical I ever tried.
>> USE Pb ( PlumBum ) as the mass.
>> A typical soda can of Lead.
>> Possibly 8 + LBS avd. or around 1 gallon of water.
>>
>> I believe that using a balanced sensor will
>> make the electronics easier to build by
>> providing a proper input for a op amp diff amp.
>> As well as doubling the signal level
>> and somewhat lowering the noise level.
>> Noise will cancel 50% of the time but also
>> increase 50% time so possibly there is no
>> noise advantage to this.
>>
>> A balanced sensor is two coils/magnets wired in
>> additive fashion with the center point grounded
>> making a single three wire sensor.
>> (SORT OF CLASS "B" push pull kind of thing but not exactly that)
>> But both must be matched as close as possible to being
>> identical. Both sensors can use the same mass
>> or be two separate single devices on the same
>> foundation (platform). Cable should be 100%
>> shielded and possibly the preamp located at the sensor
>> itself with maybe 50Ft of cable at most.
>>
>> The shield should probably be cut just before reaching the
>> sensor but not sure. If everything is insulated from EARTH you
>> might surround even the sensor in the electrical ground.
>> Grounding is important to eliminate static and RFI
>> noise as well as the 60hz power hum that might originate
>> from power lines.
>>
>> Use magnetic damping separate from the sensor
>> and you will get better output from the sensor.
>>
>> IF you could place the mass in a vacuum
>> there would be no buoyancy effects for
>> changes in air density on the mass.
>>
>> The greater the A/d Resolution the lower the overall
>> gain needs to be in the electronics.
>>
>> Filter Low Pass the output so that the Aliasing
>> Freq occurs at 0Db or less of electrical gain if possible.
>>
>> Match all your components as closely as possible
>> in the preamp to avoid baseline drifting and common
>> mode problems ( same signal on the two main signal leads ) .
>>
>> Double regulate the power supply with at least
>> three+ volts between the output and the source.
>> So if you got 5 volts out you need at very least 8
>> volts in.
>>
>> Anything at all that varies could affect the input
>> into your A/D converter. And all you want is pure signal.
>>
>> The best of all would possibly be a three axis signal that is
>> mathematically combined to create a single magnitude.
>> But then you are not concerning yourself with the
>> three dimensions but only phases and first time
>> of arrival which is what interests myself the most.
>>
>> Some people believe that the sensor magnet is fixed
>> to the physical ground
>> is the best way to go but not sure here since I have
>> had excellent results with short period devices
>> the other way around.
>>
>> If you could string 100 devices together
>> 50 on each side of Signal ground
>> And locate them on the same platform
>> just think of the sensitivity
>> that might produce. But who has that
>> kind of monies
>>
>> It seems to me that all kinds of waves
>> may be realized in the vertical since
>> when you squeeze or relax forces in the earth
>> bulges will be realized at the surface
>> as vertical motions.
>> ( Pardon my terms I am only a layman :-) )
>>
>> I think you are not interested in the electronics
>> but not sure about that. Need the tools.Expensive.
>> (designing/Making Your Own or building premade kits)
>> But you can do exactly what you want this way.
>> I do not recommend this unless you have great amount time
>> on your hands.
>> geoff
>>
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
>> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Designing a new vertical sensor
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Sat, 4 Apr 2009 17:19:54 -0400
Hi Ted,
Note that mass itself does not have much influence on sensitivity,
and high mass makes proper damping harder to achieve. I can see no
advantage to having balanced outputs.
A seismometer using a vertical spring is the worst design possible.
For example, a vertical spring must be stretched one meter from its
zero length to obtain a natural period of two seconds. You should take
a look at the AS-1 student seismometer
http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/as1/index.html
Also, see the vertical sensor described on my web site
http://bobmcclure90.googlepages.com/sitemap
While you are there, download the "SpringCalc.zip" file.
Experimenting with this application will help you in designing a
vertical seismometer, using whatever spring you might have available.
Whatever you do, use magnetic damping or shunt resistive damping,
never oil damping.
Amateur vertical sensors usually have too short a period for
adequately displaying teleseisms, especially the S and L phases. The
AS-1 uses a "bass boost amplifier to make up for loss of long-period
response. However, my WQFilter program can extend the useful period by
many times without the need for electronic compensation. My sensor has
a period of 4.4 seconds, but I use WQFilter to extend the response to
32 seconds. I use an amplifier built by Larry Cochrane, modified to
pass DC by shorting out the interstage coupling capacitor. The
resulting output bias level is somewhat sensitive to ambient
temperature rate of change, but tolerable. I found the amplifier to be
unstable when hooked up to my sensor. This problem was cured by
placing a one microfarad bipolar capacitor across the input terminals.
Cheers,
Bob
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Designing a new vertical sensor
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sat, 4 Apr 2009 22:06:24 EDT
In a message dated 04/04/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:
I believe that increasing the mass will increase the signal to noise ratio
but not sure.
I used an old 500Lb. seismometer once
Hi Geoff,
You can get away fine with 500gm to 1kg mass. Anything more just adds
cost and construction problems. You only needed massive weights to drive a
mechanical amplifier + a pen on chart paper. This went out with photographic and
later with direct electronic recording.
I believe that using a balanced sensor will make the electronics easier to
build by providing a proper input for a op amp diff amp.
You should NOT be limited by electronic noise. It is background seismic
noise which is the problem. A single ended stage is quite satisfactory. If
you are troubled by electronic noise, redesign your amplifier, or copy a known
good circuit.
You can wind a bifilar coil, but differential input opamps do not have
the very low noise that you can get from single opamps. You can also buy
bifilar insulated equipment wire. The INA118 is one of the best of the
differential amplifier types.
A balanced sensor is two coils/magnets wired in additive fashion with the
center point grounded
making a single three wire sensor. But both must be matched as close as
possible to being
identical. Both sensors can use the same mass or be two separate single
devices on the same
foundation (platform).
Do it if it makes you happy, but it is not necessary
Cable should be 100% shielded and possibly the preamp located at the sensor
itself with maybe 50Ft of cable at most.
Short, buried cable runs are to be preferred. Use cable with a woven
braid shield. You also need to consider lightning protection for long cable runs.
The shield should probably be cut just before reaching the sensor but not
sure. If everything is insulated from EARTH you might surround even the sensor
in the electrical ground. Grounding is important to eliminate static and RFI
noise as well as the 60hz power hum that might originate
from power lines.
Earth the sensor frame through the coaxial shield braid. Earth the cable
at the amplifier input.
Use magnetic damping separate from the sensor and you will get better output
from the sensor.
This will lower the noise.
IF you could place the mass in a vacuum there would be no buoyancy effects
for changes in air density on the mass.
You can either place the sensor in a sealed container or compensate the
arm with a sealed balance wolume. A vacuum is not essential, but it can
eliminate any convection noise.
The greater the A/D Resolution the lower the overall gain needs to be in the
electronics.
Preferably use an ADC with 16 bit +/-1/2 LSB resolution. Some of the
Sigma-Delta converters give this, but with old fast ADCs you may need to use
signal averaging to remove the converter noise, sometines three bits.
Filter Low Pass the output so that the Aliasing Freq occurs at 0Db or less
of electrical gain if possible.
Set the loss at the Aliasing frequency to be at least 20 dB, preferably
30 to 40 dB
Match all your components as closely as possible in the preamp to avoid
baseline drifting and common mode problems (same signal on the two main signal
leads).
Use 1% Metal Film resistors only, never carbon. You may want to buy 5%
capacitors and then pick out near matching pairs for filters. Use polyester
coupling capacitors, NOT Alumium or Tantalum Electrolytics.
Double regulate the power supply with at least three + volts between the
output and the source.
So if you got 5 volts out you need at very least 8 volts in.
Using 15V and then 12V regulators in series will reduce noise and drift.
Anything at all that varies could affect the input
into your A/D converter. And all you want is pure signal.
The best of all would possibly be a three axis signal that is mathematically
combined to create a single magnitude. But then you are not concerning
yourself with the three dimensions but only phases and first time of arrival which
is what interests myself the most.
You usually want to know the amplitudes and phases of the three
components separately. This gives you the directional information.
Some people believe that the sensor magnet is fixed to the physical ground
is the best way to go but not sure here since I have had excellent results
with short period devices the other way around.
DO NOT put magnets on the arm, unless they are totally shielded and even
this is inadvisable. DO NOT use ferromagnetic components on the arm unless
absloutely necessary. A Brass mass is preferable to Lead. It is easier to
machine, physically stronger and you can drill and tap holes in it. Lead is so
soft that it can relax under a clamp, but you can soft solder it to brass
fixture.
If you could string 100 devices together 50 on each side of Signal ground
And locate them on the same platform just think of the sensitivity that might
produce. But who has that kind of monies
This would be an array. They are principally used in direction finding,
CTBT Arays, Volcanoes and for reducing local seismic noise.
I think you are not interested in the electronics but not sure about that.
Need the tools. Expensive.
(designing/Making Your Own or building premade kits) But you can do exactly
what you want this way. I do not recommend this unless you have great amount
time on your hands.
Either buy an amplifier from Larry, build a similar type from John's
website, or get interested in electronics. Some systems like the above require a
period extending amplifier.
Take a look at Dewayne Hill's vertical at
_http://jclahr.com/science/psn/hill/index.html_ (http://jclahr.com/science/psn/hill/index.html)
Then add quad magnetic block + plate damping. DON'T bother to try out
oil damping!
Remove the knife edge suspension and substitute two flex wires in
tension. This reduces noise.
Clamp both ends of the suspension spring. This reduces noise.
Add a quad magnet block + rectangular sensor coil to give a greatly
increased signal output, probably > 20x.
Fit a 1/f^2 to linear amplifier and you can sense quakes from 5 Hz to 20
seconds very nicely.
This avoids the problems associated with the high thermal coefficient of
steel springs / providing Ni-SpanC springs.
Aim for a mass of about 1 lb and cut the spring length to suit.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
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<DIV>In a message dated 04/04/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
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believe that increasing the mass will increase the signal to noise ratio b=
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not sure.<BR>I used an old 500Lb. seismometer once </FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV>Hi Geoff,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You can get away fine with 500gm to 1kg mass.=20
Anything more just adds cost and construction problems. You only needed=
=20
massive weights to drive a mechanical amplifier + a pen on chart paper. This=
=20
went out with photographic and later with direct electronic recording.</DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000=
000=20
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000=
000=20
size=3D2>I believe that using a balanced sensor will make the electronics ea=
sier=20
to build by providing a proper input for a op amp diff amp.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You should NOT be limited by electronic noise.=20=
It=20
is background seismic noise which is the problem. A single ended stage is qu=
ite=20
satisfactory. If you are troubled by electronic noise, redesign your amplifi=
er,=20
or copy a known good circuit.</DIV>
<DIV> You can wind a bifilar coil, but differential i=
nput=20
opamps do not have the very low noise that you can get from single opamps. Y=
ou=20
can also buy bifilar insulated equipment wire. The INA118 is one of the=
=20
best of the differential amplifier types.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>A=20
balanced sensor is two coils/magnets wired in additive fashion with the ce=
nter=20
point grounded<BR>making a single three wire sensor. But both must be=
=20
matched as close as possible to being<BR>identical. Both sensors can use t=
he=20
same mass or be two separate single devices on the same<BR>foundation=20
(platform). </FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Do it if it makes you happy, but it is not=20
necessary</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>Cable=20
should be 100% shielded and possibly the preamp located at the sensor itse=
lf=20
with maybe 50Ft of cable at most.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Short, buried cable runs are to be preferred. U=
se=20
cable with a woven braid shield. You also need to consider lightning=20
protection for long cable runs.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>The=20
shield should probably be cut just before reaching the sensor but not sure=
.. If=20
everything is insulated from EARTH you might surround even the sensor in t=
he=20
electrical ground. Grounding is important to eliminate static and RFI nois=
e as=20
well as the 60hz power hum that might originate<BR>from power=20
lines.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Earth the sensor frame through the coaxial shie=
ld=20
braid. Earth the cable at the amplifier input.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>Use=20
magnetic damping separate from the sensor and you will get better output f=
rom=20
the sensor.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> This will lower the noise.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>IF you=20
could place the mass in a vacuum there would be no buoyancy effects for=20
changes in air density on the mass.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> You can either place the sensor in a sealed=20
container or compensate the arm with a sealed balance wolume. A vacuum is no=
t=20
essential, but it can eliminate any convection noise.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>The=20
greater the A/D Resolution the lower the overall gain needs to be in the=20
electronics.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Preferably use an ADC with 16 bit +/-1/2 LSB=20
resolution. Some of the Sigma-Delta converters give this, but with old=20=
fast=20
ADCs you may need to use signal averaging to remove the converter noise,=20
sometines three bits.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>Filter=20
Low Pass the output so that the Aliasing Freq occurs at 0Db or less of=20
electrical gain if possible.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Set the loss at the Aliasing frequency to be at=
=20
least 20 dB, preferably 30 to 40 dB</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>Match=20
all your components as closely as possible in the preamp to avoid baseline=
=20
drifting and common mode problems (same signal on the two main signal=20
leads).</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Use 1% Metal Film resistors only, never carbon.=
You=20
may want to buy 5% capacitors and then pick out near matching pairs for filt=
ers.=20
Use polyester coupling capacitors, NOT Alumium or Tantalum=20
Electrolytics. </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>Double=20
regulate the power supply with at least three + volts between the output a=
nd=20
the source.<BR>So if you got 5 volts out you need at very least 8 volts=20
in.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Using 15V and then 12V regulators in series wil=
l=20
reduce noise and drift.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>Anything=20
at all that varies could affect the input<BR>into your A/D converter. And=20=
all=20
you want is pure signal.<BR><BR>The best of all would possibly be a three=20=
axis=20
signal that is mathematically combined to create a single magnitude. But t=
hen=20
you are not concerning yourself with the three dimensions but only phases=20=
and=20
first time of arrival which is what interests myself the=20
most.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> You usually want to know the amplitudes and pha=
ses=20
of the three components separately. This gives you the directional=20
information. </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>Some=20
people believe that the sensor magnet is fixed to the physical ground is t=
he=20
best way to go but not sure here since I have had excellent results with s=
hort=20
period devices the other way around.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> DO NOT put magnets on the arm, unless they are=20
totally shielded and even this is inadvisable. DO NOT use ferromagnetic=20
components on the arm unless absloutely necessary. A Brass mass is preferabl=
e to=20
Lead. It is easier to machine, physically stronger and you can drill an=
d=20
tap holes in it. Lead is so soft that it can relax under a clamp, but you ca=
n=20
soft solder it to brass fixture. </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>If you=20
could string 100 devices together 50 on each side of Signal ground And loc=
ate=20
them on the same platform just think of the sensitivity that might produce=
..=20
But who has that kind of monies</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> This would be an array. They are principally us=
ed=20
in direction finding, CTBT Arays, Volcanoes and for reducing local seis=
mic=20
noise. </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>I think=20
you are not interested in the electronics but not sure about that. Need th=
e=20
tools. Expensive.<BR>(designing/Making Your Own or building premade kits)=20=
But=20
you can do exactly what you want this way. I do not recommend this unless=20=
you=20
have great amount time on your hands.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Either buy an amplifier from Larry, build a sim=
ilar=20
type from John's website, or get interested in electronics. Some systems lik=
e=20
the above require a period extending amplifier.</DIV>
<DIV><FONT id=3Drolx_document face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2> </=
DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV> Take a look at Dewayne Hill's vertical at <A=20
title=3Dhttp://jclahr.com/science/psn/hill/index.html=20
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/hill/index.html">http://jclahr.com/sci=
ence/psn/hill/index.html</A></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Then add quad magnetic block + plate damping. D=
ON'T=20
bother to try out oil damping!</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Remove the knife edge suspension and substitute=
two=20
flex wires in tension. This reduces noise.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Clamp both ends of the suspension spring. This=20
reduces noise.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Add a quad magnet block + rectangular sensor co=
il=20
to give a greatly increased signal output, probably > 20x.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Fit a 1/f^2 to linear amplifier and you=20
can sense quakes from 5 Hz to 20 seconds very nicely. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> This avoids the problems associated with the hi=
gh=20
thermal coefficient of steel springs / providing Ni-SpanC springs. </DI=
V>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Aim for a mass of about 1 lb and cut the spring=
=20
length to suit. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris=20
Chapman</DIV></FONT></DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sat, 4 Apr 2009 22:15:29 EDT
In a message dated 04/04/2009 03:33:28 GMT Daylight Time, jonfr@.........
writes:
I have made changes to my Lehman type sensor. It now works (peak is
there) on 0.3Hz, with the lower end around 0.030Hz. I hope that this is
good enough for me to record teleseismic events.
Hi Jon,
Can you extract about 10 minutes of the data file with background noise
on it and send it to me please?
What changes have you made to your Lehman?
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16809" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY:=20=
Arial"=20
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Drol=
e_document=20
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 04/04/2009 03:33:28 GMT Daylight Time, jonfr@........
om=20
writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>I have=20
made changes to my Lehman type sensor. It now works (peak is<BR>there) on=20
0.3Hz, with the lower end around 0.030Hz. I hope that this is<BR>good enou=
gh=20
for me to record teleseismic events.<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Jon,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Can you extract about 10 minutes of the data fi=
le=20
with background noise on it and send it to me please?</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> What changes have you made to your Lehman?</DIV=
>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards, </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Ocean noise ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Mon, 06 Apr 2009 18:09:49 +0000
Hi
Where is the ocean noise when I look at seismometer ? I think I finally
got my lehman seismomter right, I did do some changes today. However,
there is a spike around 0.5Hz and it is huge. I do live close the ocean,
the distance is less then 100 meters. So I am wondering if I am seeing
noise from the ocean that is close to me.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
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Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Ocean noise ?
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Mon, 06 Apr 2009 14:30:39 -0500
Jón Frímann
I was watching something between 17:22 and 17:30 here in southern
Indiana USA. I was waiting for an update to the earthquake list which
hasn't shown any new listings since about 13:00. I thought maybe
aftershocks in Italy. I show a minor peak on FFT's around .5 but a much
more pronounced peak at .05 on the Lehmans. What has confused me is the
high "peaks" on FFT's on the 4.5 hz geophones from .05 down to .005.
(Maybe "peaks" aren't the word for it --- but there is a general down
slope from .005 to .5 which isn't there normally....and all the
horizontal units show this trend.) tom d
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Subject: Re: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Tue, 07 Apr 2009 03:13:30 +0000
Hello
Here is the latest change to my lehman sensor. It peaks around 0.7Hz,
but FFT check shows activity down to 0.02Hz or about.
Here is the picture of the latest change.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4070001.jpg.html
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: KipECS@.......
Date: Tue, 7 Apr 2009 00:56:47 EDT
Nice pictures, interesting construction technique and improvement
In a message dated 4/6/2009 11:13:52 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time,
jonfr@......... writes:
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4070001.jpg.html
**************A Good Credit Score is 700 or Above. See yours in just 2 easy
steps!
(http://pr.atwola.com/promoclk/100126575x1221421323x1201417385/aol?redir=http:%2F%2Fwww.freecreditreport.com%2Fpm%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fsc%3D668072%26hmpgID
%3D62%26bcd%3DAprilfooterNO62)
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII" http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702"></HEAD>
<BODY style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #000000; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id=3Drol=
e_body=20
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Drol=
e_document=20
color=3D#000000 size=3D2 face=3DArial>
<DIV>Nice pictures, interesting construction technique and=20
improvement</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 4/6/2009 11:13:52 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time,=20
jonfr@......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px"><=
FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" color=3D#000000 size=3D2=20
face=3DArial>http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4070001.jp=
g.html</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV></FONT><br/><font style=3D"color:black;font:=
normal 10pt arial,san-serif;"> <hr style=3D"margin-top:10px"/><B>A Good Cred=
it Score is 700 or Above. <A HREF=3D"http://pr.atwola.com/promoclk/100126575=
x1221421323x1201417385/aol?redir=3Dhttp:%2F%2Fwww.freecreditreport.com%2Fpm%=
2Fdefault.aspx%3Fsc%3D668072%26hmpgID%3D62%26bcd%3DAprilfooterNO62"> See you=
rs in just 2 easy steps!</A></B></font></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Tue, 07 Apr 2009 19:32:41 +0000
Hi
I belive that I found the last problem (according to the idea). The last
problem is the alunium rod that I have used as an arm. I belive that it
was too soft to work properly and because of that I didn't behave
correctly.
I am going to replace it with iron based arm and there is going to be a
steel based end on it. I hope that gives me the resault that I want.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On =FEri, 2009-04-07 at 00:56 -0400, KipECS@....... wrote:
> Nice pictures, interesting construction technique and improvement
> =20
> In a message dated 4/6/2009 11:13:52 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time,
> jonfr@......... writes:
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4070001.jpg.ht=
ml
>=20
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: Dave Nelson dave.nelson@...............
Date: Wed, 08 Apr 2009 06:43:47 +1000
Hi Jon,
having iron in that area within the field of the magnet is=
=20
not a good idea
you would be much better off to use brass if you didnt want to use=
aluminium.
I also notice from your photo's that your pickup wire from the coil
a rather heavy looking wire will also affect the movement of the arm. The=
=20
usual
practice, if a person insists of putting the coil on the arm, is to=20
terminate the
heavier wire at the pivot end of the arm and to use VERY FINE from that=20
termination, say 24-28 SWG enamelled wire wound in a loose coil say ~ 5=
turns
of pencil/ pen diameter, then terminate that fine wire on the base of the=
=20
seismom.
and then run heavier wire again to the electronics.
I can almost guarantee that the way you have taken your wire off the arm=20
will have
a serious effect on the free movement of the arm!
Dave N
Sydney
At 07:32 PM 4/7/2009 +0000, you wrote:
>Hi
>I belive that I found the last problem (according to the idea). The last
>problem is the alunium rod that I have used as an arm. I belive that it
>was too soft to work properly and because of that I didn't behave
>correctly.
>I am going to replace it with iron based arm and there is going to be a
>steel based end on it. I hope that gives me the resault that I want.
>Regards.
>J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Tue, 7 Apr 2009 13:53:07 -0700
Jon,
Without damping, cause the pendulum to swing a few centimeters and =
record
how long it takes for the swing distance to drop to 1/2 the original =
width.
Also what is the resonant period?
Gary
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: Tuesday, April 07, 2009 12:33 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Changes to my Lehman sensor
Hi
I belive that I found the last problem (according to the idea). The last
problem is the alunium rod that I have used as an arm. I belive that it
was too soft to work properly and because of that I didn't behave
correctly.
I am going to replace it with iron based arm and there is going to be a
steel based end on it. I hope that gives me the resault that I want.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On =FEri, 2009-04-07 at 00:56 -0400, KipECS@....... wrote:
> Nice pictures, interesting construction technique and improvement
> =20
> In a message dated 4/6/2009 11:13:52 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time,
> jonfr@......... writes:
>
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4070001.jpg.html
>=20
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Wed, 08 Apr 2009 00:57:11 +0000
Hi
I will change the wire layout when I get the new arm. I was adviced to
keep the coil on the arm, not the base it self.
The natrual period of the sensor as it was setup was around 0.3Hz. But
it's range was only limited to that.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On mi=F0, 2009-04-08 at 06:43 +1000, Dave Nelson wrote:
> Hi Jon,
> having iron in that area within the field of the magnet i=
s=20
> not a good idea
> you would be much better off to use brass if you didnt want to use alumi=
nium.
>=20
> I also notice from your photo's that your pickup wire from the coil
> a rather heavy looking wire will also affect the movement of the arm. Th=
e=20
> usual
> practice, if a person insists of putting the coil on the arm, is to=20
> terminate the
> heavier wire at the pivot end of the arm and to use VERY FINE from that=20
> termination, say 24-28 SWG enamelled wire wound in a loose coil say ~ 5 =
turns
> of pencil/ pen diameter, then terminate that fine wire on the base of t=
he=20
> seismom.
> and then run heavier wire again to the electronics.
>=20
> I can almost guarantee that the way you have taken your wire off the arm=20
> will have
> a serious effect on the free movement of the arm!
>=20
> Dave N
> Sydney
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> At 07:32 PM 4/7/2009 +0000, you wrote:
> >Hi
> >I belive that I found the last problem (according to the idea). The last
> >problem is the alunium rod that I have used as an arm. I belive that it
> >was too soft to work properly and because of that I didn't behave
> >correctly.
> >I am going to replace it with iron based arm and there is going to be a
> >steel based end on it. I hope that gives me the resault that I want.
> >Regards.
> >J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Wed, 8 Apr 2009 09:52:41 -0700
Hi Jon,
Have you tried raising the front end of the sensor to increase the =
period.
Were you able to measure the time it takes the undamped arm swing =
distance
to reduce by 1/2 after a gentle push.
Gary
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: Tuesday, April 07, 2009 5:57 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Changes to my Lehman sensor
Hi
I will change the wire layout when I get the new arm. I was adviced to
keep the coil on the arm, not the base it self.
The natrual period of the sensor as it was setup was around 0.3Hz. But
it's range was only limited to that.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On mi=F0, 2009-04-08 at 06:43 +1000, Dave Nelson wrote:
> Hi Jon,
> having iron in that area within the field of the =
magnet is
> not a good idea
> you would be much better off to use brass if you didnt want to use
aluminium.
>=20
> I also notice from your photo's that your pickup wire from the =
coil
> a rather heavy looking wire will also affect the movement of the arm. =
The
> usual
> practice, if a person insists of putting the coil on the arm, is to=20
> terminate the
> heavier wire at the pivot end of the arm and to use VERY FINE from =
that=20
> termination, say 24-28 SWG enamelled wire wound in a loose coil say ~ =
5
turns
> of pencil/ pen diameter, then terminate that fine wire on the base =
of
the=20
> seismom.
> and then run heavier wire again to the electronics.
>=20
> I can almost guarantee that the way you have taken your wire off the =
arm=20
> will have
> a serious effect on the free movement of the arm!
>=20
> Dave N
> Sydney
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> At 07:32 PM 4/7/2009 +0000, you wrote:
> >Hi
> >I belive that I found the last problem (according to the idea). The =
last
> >problem is the alunium rod that I have used as an arm. I belive that =
it
> >was too soft to work properly and because of that I didn't behave
> >correctly.
> >I am going to replace it with iron based arm and there is going to be =
a
> >steel based end on it. I hope that gives me the resault that I want.
> >Regards.
> >J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________
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Subject: Neodymium sphere and Lahmen pivot
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Wed, 08 Apr 2009 20:07:11 -0700
Has anyone used an Neodymium sphere or pair of sphere magnets as a
Lahmen pivot?
Rob
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Neodymium sphere and Lahmen pivot
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2009 07:43:47 EDT
In a message dated 09/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:
Has anyone used an Neodymium sphere or pair of sphere magnets as a Lehman
pivot?
Rob
Hi Rob,
No, but I would not expect it to last long, or work well. The magnets
are hard plated with Nickel, which is not a particularly hard metal.
Stainless steel ball bearings work well as do hard chrome steel
scalpel blades for a counterface. You might try a NdFeB cube magnet under a
scalpel blade, but I would expect the magnetic hysteresis at the contact point
to give 'sticky' results.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16809" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 09/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>Has
anyone used an Neodymium sphere or pair of sphere magnets as a Lehman
pivot?<BR>Rob<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Rob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> No, but I would not expect it to last long,=
or work
well. The magnets are hard plated with Nickel, which is not a particularly=
hard
metal. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Stainless steel ball bearings work well as do=
hard
chrome steel scalpel blades for a counterface. You might try a NdFeB cube=
magnet
under a scalpel blade, but I would expect the magnetic hysteresis at the=
contact
point to give 'sticky' results.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Best Lahmen pivot
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Thu, 09 Apr 2009 06:35:39 -0700
Chris,
Thank you.
Is a scalpel blade against a steel ball bearing the current best
consensus for a Lehman pivot?
rob
ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> In a message dated 09/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:
>
> Has anyone used an Neodymium sphere or pair of sphere magnets as a
> Lehman pivot?
> Rob
>
> Hi Rob,
> No, but I would not expect it to last long, or work well. The
> magnets are hard plated with Nickel, which is not a particularly hard
> metal.
> Stainless steel ball bearings work well as do hard chrome steel
> scalpel blades for a counterface. You might try a NdFeB cube magnet
> under a scalpel blade, but I would expect the magnetic hysteresis at
> the contact point to give 'sticky' results.
> Regards,
> Chris Chapman
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> No virus found in this incoming message.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.11.48/2048 - Release Date: 4/8/2009 7:02 PM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2009 11:43:23 EDT
In a message dated 09/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:
Is a scalpel blade against a steel ball bearing the current best consensus
for a Lehman pivot?
rob
Hi Rob,
Crossed cylinders can be a bit better. The surfaces need to highly
polished. The SEP uses 1/8" OD polished Tungsten Carbide needle rollers, but
these may be rather expensive / difficult to obtain depending on where you
live. See _http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html_
(http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html) You
mount both the vertical rollers on the frame.
However, a polished SS plane rolling on a SS ball bearing works
perfectly well and it may cost only 50 c! See _http://www.smallparts.com/_
(http://www.smallparts.com/)
I use a 1/2" SS bearing and a large scalpel blade 'trimmed' oval with
a carbide disk and glued to the arm with two part acrylic adhesive. You can
use bearings down to 1/4" OK, but mount them on the vertical frame, NOT on
the arm! My top suspension is an 8 thou music wire. I can set the period
to 60 seconds OK and it works for some days, but it has a significant tilt
drift. My 'normal' set period is 20 seconds. I measured +/-2mm drift over a
fortnight with this, in a max drift range of +/-10mm.
The two 'suspensions' which are very likey to give trouble are the
knife edge on a plane and a point in a cup. The materials in contact are
loaded close to or over the maximum allowed stress. I advise against trying to
use either of these types.
It may be beneficial to attach the top support ~3/4 along the arm as
shown above. The balance between the mass and the weight of the arm itself
can be set to minimise the vertical load on the bottom bearing. This
improves the stability.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16809" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 09/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>Is a
scalpel blade against a steel ball bearing the current best consensus fo=
r a
Lehman pivot?<BR>rob<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Rob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Crossed cylinders can be a bit bett=
er.
The surfaces need to highly polished. The SEP uses 1/8" OD polished Tungst=
en
Carbide needle rollers, but these may be rather expensive / difficult to=
obtain
depending on where you live. See <A
href=3D"http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html"=
>http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html</A>&nbs=
p;You
mount both the vertical rollers on the frame. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> However, a polished SS plane rolling on a SS=
ball
bearing works perfectly well and it may cost only 50 c! See <A
href=3D"http://www.smallparts.com/">http://www.smallparts.com/</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I use a 1/2" SS bearing and a large scalpel=
blade
'trimmed' oval with a carbide disk and glued to the arm with two part=
acrylic adhesive. You can use bearings down to 1/4" OK, but mount them on=
the
vertical frame, NOT on the arm! My top suspension is an 8 thou music wire.=
I can
set the period to 60 seconds OK and it works for some days, but it has
a significant tilt drift. My 'normal' set period is 20 seconds. =
I
measured +/-2mm drift over a fortnight with this, in a max drift rang=
e of
+/-10mm.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The two 'suspensions' which are
very likey to give trouble are the knife edge on a plane and a point=
in a
cup. The materials in contact are loaded close to or over the maximum allo=
wed
stress. I advise against trying to use either of these types. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> It may be beneficial to attach the top suppor=
t ~3/4
along the arm as shown above. The balance between the mass and the weight=
of the
arm itself can be set to minimise the vertical load on the bottom bea=
ring.
This improves the stability.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2009 10:08:56 -0600
Hi Chris, I know how the roller on roller works, but I can't find a =
picture close up of one. Do you know of one? I was trying to explain =
it to someone, and picture would help.
Thanks, Ted
----- Original Message -----=20
From: ChrisAtUpw@..........
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Thursday, April 09, 2009 9:43 AM
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
In a message dated 09/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:
Is a scalpel blade against a steel ball bearing the current best =
consensus for a Lehman pivot?
rob
Hi Rob,
Crossed cylinders can be a bit better. The surfaces need to highly =
polished. The SEP uses 1/8" OD polished Tungsten Carbide needle rollers, =
but these may be rather expensive / difficult to obtain depending on =
where you live. See =
http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html You =
mount both the vertical rollers on the frame.=20
However, a polished SS plane rolling on a SS ball bearing works =
perfectly well and it may cost only 50 c! See http://www.smallparts.com/
I use a 1/2" SS bearing and a large scalpel blade 'trimmed' oval =
with a carbide disk and glued to the arm with two part acrylic adhesive. =
You can use bearings down to 1/4" OK, but mount them on the vertical =
frame, NOT on the arm! My top suspension is an 8 thou music wire. I can =
set the period to 60 seconds OK and it works for some days, but it has a =
significant tilt drift. My 'normal' set period is 20 seconds. I measured =
+/-2mm drift over a fortnight with this, in a max drift range of =
+/-10mm.
The two 'suspensions' which are very likey to give trouble are the =
knife edge on a plane and a point in a cup. The materials in contact are =
loaded close to or over the maximum allowed stress. I advise against =
trying to use either of these types.=20
It may be beneficial to attach the top support ~3/4 along the arm =
as shown above. The balance between the mass and the weight of the arm =
itself can be set to minimise the vertical load on the bottom bearing. =
This improves the stability.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18372">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #000000; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" =
id=3Drole_body=20
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 =
bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>Hi Chris, I know how the roller on roller works, but I can't =
find a=20
picture close up of one. Do you know of one? I =
was=20
trying to explain it to someone, and picture would help.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Thanks, Ted</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"=20
dir=3Dltr>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3DChrisAtUpw@..........
href=3D"mailto:ChrisAtUpw@.......">ChrisAtUpw@.......</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, April 09, 2009 =
9:43=20
AM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: Best Lehman =
pivot</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT id=3Drole_document color=3D#000000 size=3D2 =
face=3DArial>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 09/04/2009, <A=20
href=3D"mailto:rog@..........">rog@..........</A> writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: =
5px"><FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" color=3D#000000 size=3D2 =
face=3DArial>Is a=20
scalpel blade against a steel ball bearing the current best =
consensus for a=20
Lehman pivot?<BR>rob<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Rob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Crossed cylinders can be a =
bit better.=20
The surfaces need to highly polished. The SEP uses 1/8" OD polished =
Tungsten=20
Carbide needle rollers, but these may be rather expensive / difficult =
to=20
obtain depending on where you live. See <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html=
">http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html</A>&n=
bsp;You=20
mount both the vertical rollers on the frame. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> However, a polished SS plane rolling on a =
SS ball=20
bearing works perfectly well and it may cost only 50 c! See <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.smallparts.com/">http://www.smallparts.com/</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I use a 1/2" SS bearing and a large =
scalpel blade=20
'trimmed' oval with a carbide disk and glued to the arm with two =
part=20
acrylic adhesive. You can use bearings down to 1/4" OK, but mount them =
on the=20
vertical frame, NOT on the arm! My top suspension is an 8 thou music =
wire. I=20
can set the period to 60 seconds OK and it works for some days, but it =
has=20
a significant tilt drift. My 'normal' set period is 20 =
seconds. I=20
measured +/-2mm drift over a fortnight with this, in a max drift =
range of=20
+/-10mm.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The two 'suspensions' which are=20
very likey to give trouble are the knife edge on a plane and a =
point in a=20
cup. The materials in contact are loaded close to or over the maximum =
allowed=20
stress. I advise against trying to use either of these types. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> It may be beneficial to attach the top =
support=20
~3/4 along the arm as shown above. The balance between the mass and =
the weight=20
of the arm itself can be set to minimise the vertical load on the =
bottom=20
bearing. This improves the stability.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris=20
Chapman</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2009 13:22:02 EDT
In a message dated 09/04/2009, tchannel@............ writes:
Hi Chris, I know how the roller on roller works, but I can't find a
picture close up of one. Do you know of one? I was trying to explain it to
someone, and picture would help.
Hi Ted,
Sorry, but I don't personally have a photo of the SEP bearings up
close. And Charles hasn't included one in
_http://www.myeclectic.info/SeismoPivots/seismopivots.htm_
(http://www.myeclectic.info/SeismoPivots/seismopivots.htm)
The usual setup is to mount the vertical roller in a shallow V slot on
the frame. The horizontal roller is mounted in a V slot on the end of the
arm and it is held in frictional contact by the axial load along the arm. I
have also used the shanks of 1/8" OD Tungsten Carbide drills. You can also
use hardened martensitic SS rod, but you need lap and polish it after heat
treatment. I glue the rods with two component acrylic adhesive, but they
can also be clamped.
The horizontal roller simply rolls around the vertical roller. The
centre of rotation is the centre of the vertical roller. The crossed
orientation is maintained by the arm suspension.
Have you looked at the SEP Manual? There are some photos there, but
the black painted Al frame is not helpful
_http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html_
(http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html) This is the UK school seismometer.
Regards,
Chris
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16809" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 09/04/2009, tchannel@............ writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>
<DIV>Hi Chris, I know how the roller on roller works, but I can't=
find a
picture close up of one. Do you know of one? I=
was
trying to explain it to someone, and picture would
help.</DIV></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Ted,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Sorry, but I don't personally have a photo of=
the
SEP bearings up close. And Charles hasn't included one in <A
href=3D"http://www.myeclectic.info/SeismoPivots/seismopivots.htm">http://w=
ww.myeclectic.info/SeismoPivots/seismopivots.htm</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The usual setup is to mount the vertical roll=
er in
a shallow V slot on the frame. The horizontal roller is mounted in a V slo=
t on
the end of the arm and it is held in frictional contact by the axial=
load
along the arm. I have also used the shanks of 1/8" OD Tungsten Carbide dri=
lls.
You can also use hardened martensitic SS rod, but you need lap and po=
lish
it after heat treatment. I glue the rods with two component acrylic=
adhesive, but they can also be clamped.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The horizontal roller simply rolls around the=
vertical roller. The centre of rotation is the centre of the vertical roll=
er.
The crossed orientation is maintained by the arm suspension.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Have you looked at the SEP Manual? There are=
some
photos there, but the black painted Al frame is not helpful <A
href=3D"http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html"=
>http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html</A>&nbs=
p;This
is the UK school seismometer.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2009 17:22:24 EDT
In a message dated 09/04/2009, tchannel@............ writes:
Hi Ted,
Sorry, wrong reference!
Have you looked at the SEP Manual? There are some photos there, but the
black painted Al frame is not helpful
_http://www.mutr.co.uk/images/Seismometer.pdf_ (http://www.mutr.co.uk/images/Seismometer.pdf) This is the UK
school seismometer.
Regards,
Chris
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16809" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 09/04/2009, tchannel@............ writes:</DIV></D=
IV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Hi Ted,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Sorry, wrong reference!
<DIV> Have you looked at the SEP Manual? There are=
some
photos there, but the black painted Al frame is not helpful <A=
href=3D"http://www.mutr.co.uk/images/Seismometer.pdf">http://www.mutr.co.u=
k/images/Seismometer.pdf</A>
This is the UK school seismometer.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris</DIV></DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2009 17:26:37 -0600
Yes, perfect....this is what I was looking for. Thanks very much.
Ted
----- Original Message -----=20
From: ChrisAtUpw@..........
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Thursday, April 09, 2009 3:22 PM
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
In a message dated 09/04/2009, tchannel@............ writes:
Hi Ted,
=20
Sorry, wrong reference!=20
Have you looked at the SEP Manual? There are some photos there, =
but the black painted Al frame is not helpful =
http://www.mutr.co.uk/images/Seismometer.pdf This is the UK school =
seismometer.
Regards,
Chris
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18372">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #000000; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" =
id=3Drole_body=20
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 =
bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>Yes, perfect....this is what I was looking for. Thanks very=20
much.</DIV>
<DIV>Ted</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"=20
dir=3Dltr>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3DChrisAtUpw@..........
href=3D"mailto:ChrisAtUpw@.......">ChrisAtUpw@.......</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, April 09, 2009 =
3:22=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: Best Lehman =
pivot</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT id=3Drole_document color=3D#000000 size=3D2 =
face=3DArial>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 09/04/2009, <A=20
href=3D"mailto:tchannel@............">tchannel@............</A>=20
writes:</DIV></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Hi Ted,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Sorry, wrong reference!=20
<DIV> Have you looked at the SEP Manual? There =
are some=20
photos there, but the black painted Al frame is not =
helpful <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.mutr.co.uk/images/Seismometer.pdf">http://www.mutr.co.=
uk/images/Seismometer.pdf</A> =20
This is the UK school seismometer.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
=
<DIV> Chris</DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></BODY>=
</HTML>
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
From: Dave Nelson dave.nelson@...............
Date: Fri, 10 Apr 2009 09:32:08 +1000
<html>
Hi Chris,<br>
wow thats gotta be the best article with good pics I have so far
<br>
seen on the net for a seismometer design !!!<br><br>
thanks for digging that one up and posting it. Since moving
to Australia I<br>
still havent got a seismo system built up mainly due to the need to
build a <br>
Lehman style seismo. this is going to help lots.
Nice to have that cm scale<br>
on the boom it will help to scale the whole unit.<br>
Im sure others will also find it helpful. <br><br>
cheers<br>
Dave N<br>
Sydney<br><br>
<br><br>
At 05:22 PM 4/9/2009 -0400, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font face="arial" size=2>
Have you looked at the SEP Manual? There are some photos there, but the
black painted Al frame is not helpful
<a href="http://www.mutr.co.uk/images/Seismometer.pdf">http://www.mutr.co.uk/images/Seismometer.pdf</a>
This is the UK school seismometer.<br>
Regards,<br>
Chris</font></blockquote></html>
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Thu, 09 Apr 2009 20:23:48 -0700
Chris,
Thank you kindly for your advice. Do you have pictures of your set up
pivot and top suspension?
Rob
ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> In a message dated 09/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:
>
> Is a scalpel blade against a steel ball bearing the current best
> consensus for a Lehman pivot?
> rob
>
> Hi Rob,
> Crossed cylinders can be a bit better. The surfaces need to highly
> polished. The SEP uses 1/8" OD polished Tungsten Carbide needle
> rollers, but these may be rather expensive / difficult to obtain
> depending on where you live. See
> http://www.bgs.ac.uk/education/school_seismology/seismometer.html You
> mount both the vertical rollers on the frame.
> However, a polished SS plane rolling on a SS ball bearing works
> perfectly well and it may cost only 50 c! See http://www.smallparts.com/
> I use a 1/2" SS bearing and a large scalpel blade 'trimmed' oval
> with a carbide disk and glued to the arm with two part acrylic
> adhesive. You can use bearings down to 1/4" OK, but mount them on the
> vertical frame, NOT on the arm! My top suspension is an 8 thou music
> wire. I can set the period to 60 seconds OK and it works for some
> days, but it has a significant tilt drift. My 'normal' set period is
> 20 seconds. I measured +/-2mm drift over a fortnight with this, in a
> max drift range of +/-10mm.
> The two 'suspensions' which are very likey to give trouble are the
> knife edge on a plane and a point in a cup. The materials in contact
> are loaded close to or over the maximum allowed stress. I advise
> against trying to use either of these types.
> It may be beneficial to attach the top support ~3/4 along the arm
> as shown above. The balance between the mass and the weight of the arm
> itself can be set to minimise the vertical load on the bottom bearing.
> This improves the stability.
> Regards,
> Chris Chapman
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> No virus found in this incoming message.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.11.48/2048 - Release Date: 4/8/2009 7:02 PM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Best Lehman pivot
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Fri, 10 Apr 2009 07:44:29 -0700
Chris,
Thank you for the links and your paper on pivot research. They are
very informative.
Rob
ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> In a message dated 09/04/2009, tchannel@............ writes:
> Hi Ted,
> Sorry, wrong reference!
> Have you looked at the SEP Manual? There are some photos there,
> but the black painted Al frame is not helpful
> http://www.mutr.co.uk/images/Seismometer.pdf This is the UK school
> seismometer.
> Regards,
> Chris
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> No virus found in this incoming message.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.11.48/2048 - Release Date: 4/8/2009 7:02 PM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: How to adapt comercial sensors and seismograph?
From: Antonio Moura geopresp@.........
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2009 01:06:37 +0100
I recently bought the following sensors: Kinemetrics SS-1, an SV,1 an SH1 a
SensonicsSP3, Geotech-s-500 and a Guralp CMG-3V. Being an applied geophysics
guy I thought these worked like geophones and without power and thus relying
on data logger to amplify. Would anyone know how the Webtronics or
Infiltec acquisition boards and home-made setups (National Instruments)
could be adapted for these sensors? I need to power the sensors I supose?
How?
And does anyone know anything about ERA PRS-4 Scintrex 4 channel
seismographs? Can they read signals from any of these sensors.Best regards
Rui
<div>I recently bought the following sensors: Kinemetrics SS-1, an SV,1 an =
SH1 a SensonicsSP3, Geotech-s-500 and a Guralp CMG-3V. Being an applied geo=
physics guy I thought these worked like geophones and without power and thu=
s relying on data logger to amplify. Would=A0anyone=A0know how=A0the=A0Webt=
ronics or Infiltec=A0acquisition=A0 boards and home-made setups=A0(National=
Instruments) could be adapted for these sensors? I need to power the=A0sen=
sors I supose? How? </div>
<div>And does anyone know anything about=A0ERA PRS-4 Scintrex 4 channel sei=
smographs?=A0Can they=A0read signals from any of these sensors.Best regards=
<br>=A0<br>Rui </div>
Subject: GPS problems
From: Paul elegant_dice@.........
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2009 08:37:15 +0800
Hi all,
I have a couple of Larry's digitizers + GPS set up, and I am having a
problem where the GPS seems to lose the lock after a random amount of
time. Days, weeks, sometimes months. When it happens, it will not
regain the lock.
I have tried doing the GPS reset via the WinSDR menu, but that doesn't work.
Eventually I unplug the GPS (or the digitiser's power), and plug it back in
again, and it starts working again until it loses the lock the next time.
Does anyone else suffer from this problem?
thanks,
Paul
Hi all,<br><br>I have a couple of Larry's digitizers + GPS set up, and =
I am having a problem where the GPS seems to lose the lock after a random a=
mount of time.=C2=A0=C2=A0 Days, weeks, sometimes months.=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0 When it happens, it will not regain the lock.<br>
<br>I have tried doing the GPS reset via the WinSDR menu, but that doesn=
9;t work.<br><br>Eventually I unplug the GPS (or the digitiser's power)=
, and plug it back in again, and it starts working again until it loses the=
lock the next time.<br>
<br>Does anyone else suffer from this problem?<br><br>thanks,<br>Paul<br><b=
r>
Subject: AD converter with AmaSeis
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Tue, 14 Apr 2009 18:46:22 -0600
Hi Folks,=20
I have never use anything but DATAQ194 ad converter with AmaSeis. On =
the pull down menu Amaseis/Setting/Devices there are seven different ad =
converters. Has anyone use other ad converter with AmaSeis?
I would guess others would work, but AmaSeis requires you choose one of =
the seven. Which one would you choose, if the one you are using is not =
on the list?
Thanks, Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18372">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Folks, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>I have never use anything but DATAQ194 =
ad converter=20
with AmaSeis. On the pull down menu Amaseis/Setting/Devices =
there=20
are seven different ad converters. Has anyone use other ad =
converter=20
with AmaSeis?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>I would guess others would work, but =
AmaSeis=20
requires you choose one of the seven. Which one would you =
choose, if=20
the one you are using is not on the list?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: AD converter with AmaSeis
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Tue, 14 Apr 2009 21:13:19 EDT
In a message dated 15/04/2009, tchannel@............ writes:
Has anyone use other ad converter with AmaSeis?
Hi Ted,
Yes, their old 12 bit DI-154RS ADCs.
I would guess others would work, but AmaSeis requires you choose one
of the seven. Which one would you choose, if the one you are using is not
on the list?
The DI-194 is only 10 bit, which is marginal for seismic recording.
The DI-158U is 12 bit - about the minimum practical.
Note that the very expensive Dataq ADCs are only 14 bit. Dataq don't
seem to know anything about signal averaging.
AmaSeis only accepts up to 16 bit signals, in ASCII decimal characters.
AmaSeis requires an input and control interface program - only those
on the list will work.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16809" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>In a message dated 15/04/2009, tchannel@............ writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Has anyone use other ad converter with=
AmaSeis?</FONT></FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV>Hi Ted,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Yes, their old 12 bit DI-154RS ADCs.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> <FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent"=
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I would=
guess others
would work, but AmaSeis requires you choose one of the seven. Which=
one
would you choose, if the one you are using is not on the
list?</FONT></DIV></FONT>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The DI-194 is only 10 bit, which is marginal=
for
seismic recording.</DIV>
<DIV> The DI-158U is 12 bit - about the minimum
practical.</DIV>
<DIV> Note that the very expensive Dataq ADCs are=
only 14
bit. Dataq don't seem to know anything about signal averaging.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> AmaSeis only accepts up to 16 bit signals, in=
ASCII
decimal characters.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> AmaSeis requires an input and control
interface program - only those on the list will work. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: GPS problems
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Tue, 14 Apr 2009 22:38:51 -0500
Paul wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> I have a couple of Larry's digitizers + GPS set up, and I am having a
> problem where the GPS seems to lose the lock after a random amount of
> time. Days, weeks, sometimes months. When it happens, it will
> not regain the lock.
>
> I have tried doing the GPS reset via the WinSDR menu, but that doesn't
> work.
>
> Eventually I unplug the GPS (or the digitiser's power), and plug it
> back in again, and it starts working again until it loses the lock the
> next time.
>
> Does anyone else suffer from this problem?
>
> thanks,
> Paul
>
I regularly lose lock for up to four for five hours at a time in the
winter months but it does relock. Could this be a weak signal for your
site? Maybe a better antenna position would help.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: AD converter with AmaSeis
From: "David Saum" DSaum@............
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2009 11:00:48 -0400
> Subject: AD converter with AmaSeis
> From: "tchannel" <tchannel@............>
> Date: Tue, 14 Apr 2009 18:46:22 -0600
>
>
> Hi Folks,
>
> I have never use anything but DATAQ194 ad converter with AmaSeis.
> the pull down menu Amaseis/Setting/Devices there are seven different ad
> converters. Has anyone use other ad converter with AmaSeis?
Alan Jones, the author of Amaseis, will add most any
ad converter that you need.
For instance, he added mine with the following format
Amaseis Device=INFILTECQM1
16 bits
ASCII characters
range +32765 to -32765 and 0 mean
each ASCII record terminated with LF(10) and CR(13)
variable samples per second, default 16 sps
Dave
http://www.infiltec.com/seismo
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: GPS problems
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2009 10:46:51 -0700
Paul,
I also have had some WinSDR errors. It seemed that the GPS was losing =
lock when viewing the log file. But WinSDR always reported in Lock. I =
use the FTP feature to send the response to my web site and I was =
getting an FTP error Bad Make Directory. I would just restart WinSDR and =
all was OK. The last change I made was to plug Larry=E2=80=99s digitizer =
into a surge suppressor. I think only think this may have helped. =
I=E2=80=99ve not seen any errors for 5 days now. You want try it. Let us =
know if it helps.
Gary
=20
=20
=20
=20
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On Behalf Of Paul
Sent: Tuesday, April 14, 2009 5:37 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: GPS problems
=20
Hi all,
I have a couple of Larry's digitizers + GPS set up, and I am having a =
problem where the GPS seems to lose the lock after a random amount of =
time. Days, weeks, sometimes months. When it happens, it will not =
regain the lock.
I have tried doing the GPS reset via the WinSDR menu, but that doesn't =
work.
Eventually I unplug the GPS (or the digitiser's power), and plug it back =
in again, and it starts working again until it loses the lock the next =
time.
Does anyone else suffer from this problem?
thanks,
Paul
<html xmlns:v=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" =
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<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Paul,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I also have had some WinSDR errors. It seemed that the =
GPS was
losing lock when viewing the log file. But WinSDR always reported in =
Lock. I
use the FTP feature to send the response to my web site and I was =
getting an
FTP error <b>Bad Make Directory</b>. I would just restart WinSDR and all =
was
OK. The last change I made was to plug Larry=E2=80=99s digitizer into a =
surge
suppressor. I think only think this may have helped. I=E2=80=99ve not =
seen any errors
for 5 days now. You want try it. Let us know if it =
helps.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Gary<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt =
0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span>=
</b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... <b>On =
Behalf
Of </b>Paul<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, April 14, 2009 5:37 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> psn-l@..............<br>
<b>Subject:</b> GPS problems<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Hi all,<br>
<br>
I have a couple of Larry's digitizers + GPS set up, and I am having a =
problem
where the GPS seems to lose the lock after a random amount of =
time.
Days, weeks, sometimes months. When it happens, =
it will
not regain the lock.<br>
<br>
I have tried doing the GPS reset via the WinSDR menu, but that doesn't =
work.<br>
<br>
Eventually I unplug the GPS (or the digitiser's power), and plug it back =
in
again, and it starts working again until it loses the lock the next =
time.<br>
<br>
Does anyone else suffer from this problem?<br>
<br>
thanks,<br>
Paul<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2009 18:20:21 +0000
Hi
Here are pictures of the latest changes to my lehman sensor. One of the
change is that the top now has a hindge to make it more movable. In
theory that should provide me with better frequancy. However. I
continune to get the peak at 0.6Hz, even with thoise changes. The damper
plate is now aluminum, not steel.
I am not sure how well this works until I get a earthquake close to
Iceland or some where in the world.
Pictures.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4150001b.jpg.html
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: "Fikke, Audun" Audun.Fikke@.........
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2009 23:43:31 +0200
J=F3n,
I have made a few attempts to make a working Lehman. I never finished a =
stable version, but I did record some quakes with a mockup based on the =
'plumbers approach'. Lack of time and poor workshop facilities was the =
reason my project stranded.
So I ended up buying the SEP model which I'm very pleased with.
Your system looks alright to me, but I can't see from your pictures how =
your pivot points are working. Could you please describe in detail how =
the boom and support are in contact with the frame?=20
As I'm writing an Indonesian M6,6 is rocking my SEP. Feel free to visit =
my heliplots from Norway http://vindkast.no/wx_seismo.php
regards
Audun
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: 15. april 2009 20:20
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
Hi
Here are pictures of the latest changes to my lehman sensor. One of the =
change is that the top now has a hindge to make it more movable. In =
theory that should provide me with better frequancy. However. I =
continune to get the peak at 0.6Hz, even with thoise changes. The damper =
plate is now aluminum, not steel.
I am not sure how well this works until I get a earthquake close to =
Iceland or some where in the world.
Pictures.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4150001b.jpg.html
Regards.
--
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2009 15:53:16 -0700
Jon,
What is the period length of your Lehman sensor. Were you able to =
measure
how long it takes for the boom displacement to drop by 1/2 after giving =
it a
light touch and this would be without damping in place.
Gary
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 11:20 AM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
Hi
Here are pictures of the latest changes to my lehman sensor. One of the
change is that the top now has a hindge to make it more movable. In
theory that should provide me with better frequancy. However. I
continune to get the peak at 0.6Hz, even with thoise changes. The damper
plate is now aluminum, not steel.
I am not sure how well this works until I get a earthquake close to
Iceland or some where in the world.
Pictures.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4150001b.jpg.html
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2009 23:26:28 +0000
Hi
There is a peak around 0.6Hz, it might be the sensor it self that peaks
like that. But it might also be natrual forces in my area that create
this peak. I am not sure yet what natrual frequancy of the sensor is.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On mi=F0, 2009-04-15 at 15:53 -0700, Gary Lindgren wrote:
> Jon,
> What is the period length of your Lehman sensor. Were you able to measure
> how long it takes for the boom displacement to drop by 1/2 after giving i=
t a
> light touch and this would be without damping in place.
> Gary
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
> Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
> Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 11:20 AM
> To: psn-l@..............
> Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
>=20
> Hi
>=20
> Here are pictures of the latest changes to my lehman sensor. One of the
> change is that the top now has a hindge to make it more movable. In
> theory that should provide me with better frequancy. However. I
> continune to get the peak at 0.6Hz, even with thoise changes. The damper
> plate is now aluminum, not steel.
>=20
> I am not sure how well this works until I get a earthquake close to
> Iceland or some where in the world.
>=20
> Pictures.
>=20
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4150001b.jpg.html
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: "Fikke, Audun" Audun.Fikke@.........
Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2009 01:42:05 +0200
J=F3n
This manual explains how to set the natural frequency and also the =
dampening of a Lehman.
http://www.mutr.co.uk/images/Seismometer.pdf=20
regards
Audun
http://vindkast.no/wx_seismo
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: 16. april 2009 01:26
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
Hi
There is a peak around 0.6Hz, it might be the sensor it self that peaks =
like that. But it might also be natrual forces in my area that create =
this peak. I am not sure yet what natrual frequancy of the sensor is.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On mi=F0, 2009-04-15 at 15:53 -0700, Gary Lindgren wrote:
> Jon,
> What is the period length of your Lehman sensor. Were you able to=20
> measure how long it takes for the boom displacement to drop by 1/2=20
> after giving it a light touch and this would be without damping in =
place.
> Gary
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.................
> [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
> Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 11:20 AM
> To: psn-l@..............
> Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
>=20
> Hi
>=20
> Here are pictures of the latest changes to my lehman sensor. One of=20
> the change is that the top now has a hindge to make it more movable.=20
> In theory that should provide me with better frequancy. However. I=20
> continune to get the peak at 0.6Hz, even with thoise changes. The=20
> damper plate is now aluminum, not steel.
>=20
> I am not sure how well this works until I get a earthquake close to=20
> Iceland or some where in the world.
>=20
> Pictures.
>=20
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4150001b.jpg.html
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2009 16:44:15 -0700
Jon,
Without damping give the boom a light touch, what is the natural period.
Count how many seconds it takes to make one cycle. Then count how long =
it
takes for the displacement to go from one centimeter to 1/2 centimeter. =
This
will tell you how much friction you have in your sensor.
Gary
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 4:26 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
Hi
There is a peak around 0.6Hz, it might be the sensor it self that peaks
like that. But it might also be natrual forces in my area that create
this peak. I am not sure yet what natrual frequancy of the sensor is.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On mi=F0, 2009-04-15 at 15:53 -0700, Gary Lindgren wrote:
> Jon,
> What is the period length of your Lehman sensor. Were you able to =
measure
> how long it takes for the boom displacement to drop by 1/2 after =
giving it
a
> light touch and this would be without damping in place.
> Gary
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.............. =
[mailto:psn-l-request@...............
On
> Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
> Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 11:20 AM
> To: psn-l@..............
> Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
>=20
> Hi
>=20
> Here are pictures of the latest changes to my lehman sensor. One of =
the
> change is that the top now has a hindge to make it more movable. In
> theory that should provide me with better frequancy. However. I
> continune to get the peak at 0.6Hz, even with thoise changes. The =
damper
> plate is now aluminum, not steel.
>=20
> I am not sure how well this works until I get a earthquake close to
> Iceland or some where in the world.
>=20
> Pictures.
>=20
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4150001b.jpg.html
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2009 01:14:52 +0000
Hi
I did manage to get the Hz number down to 0.4Hz. I guess that I need to
rase the arm up a little. I am going to do that tomorrow.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On mi=F0, 2009-04-15 at 16:44 -0700, Gary Lindgren wrote:
> Jon,
> Without damping give the boom a light touch, what is the natural period.
> Count how many seconds it takes to make one cycle. Then count how long it
> takes for the displacement to go from one centimeter to 1/2 centimeter. T=
his
> will tell you how much friction you have in your sensor.
> Gary
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
> Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
> Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 4:26 PM
> To: psn-l@..............
> Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
>=20
> Hi
>=20
> There is a peak around 0.6Hz, it might be the sensor it self that peaks
> like that. But it might also be natrual forces in my area that create
> this peak. I am not sure yet what natrual frequancy of the sensor is.
>=20
> Regards.
> J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
>=20
> On mi=F0, 2009-04-15 at 15:53 -0700, Gary Lindgren wrote:
> > Jon,
> > What is the period length of your Lehman sensor. Were you able to measu=
re
> > how long it takes for the boom displacement to drop by 1/2 after giving=
it
> a
> > light touch and this would be without damping in place.
> > Gary
> >=20
> >=20
> >=20
> >=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@...............
]
> On
> > Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
> > Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 11:20 AM
> > To: psn-l@..............
> > Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
> >=20
> > Hi
> >=20
> > Here are pictures of the latest changes to my lehman sensor. One of the
> > change is that the top now has a hindge to make it more movable. In
> > theory that should provide me with better frequancy. However. I
> > continune to get the peak at 0.6Hz, even with thoise changes. The dampe=
r
> > plate is now aluminum, not steel.
> >=20
> > I am not sure how well this works until I get a earthquake close to
> > Iceland or some where in the world.
> >=20
> > Pictures.
> >=20
> > http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4150001b.jpg.html
> >=20
> > Regards.
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Lehman sensor friction
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Sat, 18 Apr 2009 08:26:50 -0700
Gary,
I am curious.
What are typical times for Lehman half-life decay?
What are the main causes of decay?
Rob
Gary Lindgren wrote:
> Jon,
> Without damping give the boom a light touch, what is the natural period.
> Count how many seconds it takes to make one cycle. Then count how long it
> takes for the displacement to go from one centimeter to 1/2 centimeter. This
> will tell you how much friction you have in your sensor.
> Gary
>
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
> Behalf Of Jón Frímann
> Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 4:26 PM
> To: psn-l@..............
> Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
>
> Hi
>
> There is a peak around 0.6Hz, it might be the sensor it self that peaks
> like that. But it might also be natrual forces in my area that create
> this peak. I am not sure yet what natrual frequancy of the sensor is.
>
> Regards.
> Jón Frímann.
>
> On mið, 2009-04-15 at 15:53 -0700, Gary Lindgren wrote:
>
>> Jon,
>> What is the period length of your Lehman sensor. Were you able to measure
>> how long it takes for the boom displacement to drop by 1/2 after giving it
>>
> a
>
>> light touch and this would be without damping in place.
>> Gary
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@...............
>>
> On
>
>> Behalf Of Jón Frímann
>> Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 11:20 AM
>> To: psn-l@..............
>> Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
>>
>> Hi
>>
>> Here are pictures of the latest changes to my lehman sensor. One of the
>> change is that the top now has a hindge to make it more movable. In
>> theory that should provide me with better frequancy. However. I
>> continune to get the peak at 0.6Hz, even with thoise changes. The damper
>> plate is now aluminum, not steel.
>>
>> I am not sure how well this works until I get a earthquake close to
>> Iceland or some where in the world.
>>
>> Pictures.
>>
>> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4150001b.jpg.html
>>
>> Regards.
>>
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.11.48/2048 - Release Date: 4/8/2009 7:02 PM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Lehman sensor friction
From: Brett Nordgren brett3nt@.............
Date: Sat, 18 Apr 2009 12:22:45 -0400
Rob,
One source of undamped decay that isn't much talked about is how rigid is
the support for the top wire connection. Much energy can be absorbed by
microscopic swaying of the support. Similarly, if the base is mounted on
something less rigid than bedrock, energy might be getting absorbed by the
mounting surface. Air damping is a small effect, but it could be a
factor. And, of course, there is pivot quality, which has already been
much discussed. Also, if you have a coil on the boom, it should be
open-circuited to avoid losses due to interaction with the local magnetic
field.
Once you have minimized all those effects, you will then want to add back a
good amount of well behaved damping such as with Chris' magnetic
array. You probably don't want your Lehman to just respond to one
frequency, but would prefer it to have a range of frequencies which it will
respond to. That is what you will get when you use relatively strong
damping. Reduced sensitivity = increased band width.
Brett
At 08:26 AM 4/18/2009 -0700, you wrote:
>Gary,
>
>I am curious.
>
>What are typical times for Lehman half-life decay?
>
>What are the main causes of decay?
>
>Rob
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Lehman sensor friction
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Sat, 18 Apr 2009 09:37:59 -0700
Robert,
Looking at my Lehman notes, with polished tungsten carbide rods and with =
a
silicon carbide ball bearing I recorded going from 1.2" to .25" took 300
seconds. That calculates to 132 seconds for the half-life decay. I use =
the
equation Y=3DA*e-t/T where Y is the beam max. movement, A is a constant, =
t is
time in seconds, and T is the time constant of the system. I recall that
Chris Chapman said this was not quite the correct equation, but I'm sure =
it
is fairly close to describe the max. deviation with time.
Gary
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of Robert O. Green
Sent: Saturday, April 18, 2009 8:27 AM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Lehman sensor friction
Gary,
I am curious.
What are typical times for Lehman half-life decay?
What are the main causes of decay?
Rob
Gary Lindgren wrote:
> Jon,
> Without damping give the boom a light touch, what is the natural =
period.
> Count how many seconds it takes to make one cycle. Then count how long =
it
> takes for the displacement to go from one centimeter to 1/2 =
centimeter.
This
> will tell you how much friction you have in your sensor.
> Gary
>
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.............. =
[mailto:psn-l-request@...............
On
> Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
> Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 4:26 PM
> To: psn-l@..............
> Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
>
> Hi
>
> There is a peak around 0.6Hz, it might be the sensor it self that =
peaks
> like that. But it might also be natrual forces in my area that create
> this peak. I am not sure yet what natrual frequancy of the sensor is.
>
> Regards.
> J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
>
> On mi=F0, 2009-04-15 at 15:53 -0700, Gary Lindgren wrote:
> =20
>> Jon,
>> What is the period length of your Lehman sensor. Were you able to =
measure
>> how long it takes for the boom displacement to drop by 1/2 after =
giving
it
>> =20
> a
> =20
>> light touch and this would be without damping in place.
>> Gary
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: psn-l-request@.............. =
[mailto:psn-l-request@...............
>> =20
> On
> =20
>> Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
>> Sent: Wednesday, April 15, 2009 11:20 AM
>> To: psn-l@..............
>> Subject: RE: Changes to my Lehman sensor
>>
>> Hi
>>
>> Here are pictures of the latest changes to my lehman sensor. One of =
the
>> change is that the top now has a hindge to make it more movable. In
>> theory that should provide me with better frequancy. However. I
>> continune to get the peak at 0.6Hz, even with thoise changes. The =
damper
>> plate is now aluminum, not steel.
>>
>> I am not sure how well this works until I get a earthquake close to
>> Iceland or some where in the world.
>>
>> Pictures.
>>
>> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/seismometer/p4150001b.jpg.html
>>
>> Regards.
>> =20
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
> =
------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.11.48/2048 - Release Date: =
4/8/2009
7:02 PM
>
> =20
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Lehman sensor friction
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sat, 18 Apr 2009 19:20:06 EDT
In a message dated 18/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:
Gary,
I am curious.
What are typical times for Lehman half-life decay?
What are the main causes of decay?
Rob
Hi Gary & Rob,
With a Lehman, you first need to set both the cross balance and the
period of the pendulum, but with NO external damping and with the sensor coil
DISCONNECTED. Put a peel off label on the mass and another on a match box
or similar. Mark lines on both with a fibre pen. Also mark dots on the box
at +/-1mm, +/-5mm and +/-10 mm and place it on the frame just clear of the
mass by 1~2mm. You place the line on the box at the centre of the frame,
centre the mass by hand to align the marks, release it and see which way it
drifts. You adjust the cross balance screws so that it stays central.
Then you deflect the arm 10 mm, release it and time one FULL cycle of
oscillation when the arm swings past the central alignment and when it
swings past again going in the same direction. Then adjust the tilt of the
boom, usually with a screw on the base near the mass end, till you get the
chosen period, which should be a minimum of 15 seconds. I use 20 seconds. If
you have difficulty in getting a stable period of 15 seconds, you will need
to improve your suspension. You may have to trim the cross balance while
doing this. If you have lock nuts and spring washers on the adjusting screws,
tighten them and recheck the cross balance.
You can then repeat the deflection to 10 mm and time how long it takes
until the swing is reduced to ~half amplitude, 5mm. You should aim for a
time of >4 minutes. If the time is much less than this, you have a lossy /
poor system which may need correction. You can get problems if the top wire
is not firmly clamped, if the suspension can flex, if you are trying to use
either a point or a knife edge lower 'bearing', if the arm can rotate
about it's longitudinal axis, if the frame is not sufficiently rigid, or if
base mountings are not firm. No material is free of loss when the load on it
is changed. Air flow damping may be significant if you are trying to use
capacitative position sensing, but it is usually very small for coil + magnet
or LVDT sensors.
Then plug the coil into the amplifier, switch on the power, deflect
the mass, release it and check that it swings at least one full cycle. The
amplifier input resistor / input circuit may add damping. Progressively add
more damping until on release from the 10 mm deflected position, the arm
swings 0.5 mm PAST the zero and then back to zero. It is quite easy to judge
0.5 mm if you use a fixed x4 mounted magnifying glass to observe the
balance position. Trying to do this 'by eye' is more difficult.
I hope that this will help.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16809" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 18/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000
size=3D2>Gary,<BR>I am curious.<BR>What are typical times for Lehman hal=
f-life
decay?<BR>What are the main causes of
decay?<BR>Rob<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Gary & Rob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> With a Lehman, you first need to set both the=
cross
balance and the period of the pendulum, but with NO external damping and=
with
the sensor coil DISCONNECTED. Put a peel off label on the mass and another=
on a
match box or similar. Mark lines on both with a fibre pen. Also
mark dots on the box at +/-1mm, +/-5mm and +/-10 mm and place it on=
the
frame just clear of the mass by 1~2mm. You place the line on the=
box
at the centre of the frame, centre the mass by hand to align the marks, re=
lease
it and see which way it drifts. You adjust the cross balance screws so tha=
t it
stays central. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Then you deflect the arm 10 mm, release it an=
d time
one FULL cycle of oscillation when the arm swings past the central alignme=
nt and
when it swings past again going in the same direction. Then adjust the til=
t of
the boom, usually with a screw on the base near the mass end, till you
get the chosen period, which should be a minimum of 15 seconds. =
I use
20 seconds. If you have difficulty in getting a stable period of 15 second=
s, you
will need to improve your suspension. You may have to trim the cross balan=
ce
while doing this. If you have lock nuts and spring washers on the adjustin=
g
screws, tighten them and recheck the cross balance. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You can then repeat the deflection to 10
mm and time how long it takes until the swing is reduced to ~half
amplitude, 5mm. You should aim for a time of >4 minutes. If the ti=
me is
much less than this, you have a lossy / poor system which may need
correction. You can get problems if the top wire is not firmly clamped, if=
the
suspension can flex, if you are trying to use either a point or a knife ed=
ge
lower 'bearing', if the arm can rotate about it's longitudinal axis, if th=
e
frame is not sufficiently rigid, or if base mountings are not firm. No mat=
erial
is free of loss when the load on it is changed. Air flow dampin=
g may
be significant if you are trying to use capacitative position sensing, but=
it is
usually very small for coil + magnet or LVDT sensors. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Then plug the coil into the amplifier, switch=
on
the power, deflect the mass, release it and check that it swings at=
least
one full cycle. The amplifier input resistor / input circuit may add
damping. Progressively add more damping until on release from th=
e 10
mm deflected position, the arm swings 0.5 mm PAST the zero and then back=
to
zero. It is quite easy to judge 0.5 mm if you use a fixed x4 mounted=
magnifying glass to observe the balance position. Trying to do this 'by ey=
e' is
more difficult.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I hope that this will help.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Lehman sensor friction
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Sat, 18 Apr 2009 18:49:56 -0700
Chris,
Thank you. I appreciate your willingness to share your detailed
experience with and understanding of Lehman sensors.
I am almost ready to start building one.
I have a question regarding the lower pivot. I read the material you
provided previously. It seems a SS plate on the horizontal arm working
against a SS ball bearing on the vertical is a good choice. Is my
understanding correct?
I am planing a crossed carbide drill shafts for the upper pivot.
Thanks again for all your help.
Sincerely,
Rob
ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> In a message dated 18/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:
>
> Gary,
> I am curious.
> What are typical times for Lehman half-life decay?
> What are the main causes of decay?
> Rob
>
> Hi Gary & Rob,
> With a Lehman, you first need to set both the cross balance and
> the period of the pendulum, but with NO external damping and with the
> sensor coil DISCONNECTED. Put a peel off label on the mass and another
> on a match box or similar. Mark lines on both with a fibre pen. Also
> mark dots on the box at +/-1mm, +/-5mm and +/-10 mm and place it on
> the frame just clear of the mass by 1~2mm. You place the line on the
> box at the centre of the frame, centre the mass by hand to align the
> marks, release it and see which way it drifts. You adjust the cross
> balance screws so that it stays central.
> Then you deflect the arm 10 mm, release it and time one FULL cycle
> of oscillation when the arm swings past the central alignment and when
> it swings past again going in the same direction. Then adjust the tilt
> of the boom, usually with a screw on the base near the mass end, till
> you get the chosen period, which should be a minimum of 15 seconds. I
> use 20 seconds. If you have difficulty in getting a stable period of
> 15 seconds, you will need to improve your suspension. You may have to
> trim the cross balance while doing this. If you have lock nuts and
> spring washers on the adjusting screws, tighten them and recheck the
> cross balance.
> You can then repeat the deflection to 10 mm and time how long it
> takes until the swing is reduced to ~half amplitude, 5mm. You should
> aim for a time of >4 minutes. If the time is much less than this,
> you have a lossy / poor system which may need correction. You can get
> problems if the top wire is not firmly clamped, if the suspension can
> flex, if you are trying to use either a point or a knife edge lower
> 'bearing', if the arm can rotate about it's longitudinal axis, if the
> frame is not sufficiently rigid, or if base mountings are not firm. No
> material is free of loss when the load on it is changed. Air flow
> damping may be significant if you are trying to use capacitative
> position sensing, but it is usually very small for coil + magnet or
> LVDT sensors.
> Then plug the coil into the amplifier, switch on the power,
> deflect the mass, release it and check that it swings at least one
> full cycle. The amplifier input resistor / input circuit may add
> damping. Progressively add more damping until on release from the 10
> mm deflected position, the arm swings 0.5 mm PAST the zero and then
> back to zero. It is quite easy to judge 0.5 mm if you use a fixed x4
> mounted magnifying glass to observe the balance position. Trying to do
> this 'by eye' is more difficult.
> I hope that this will help.
> Regards,
> Chris Chapman
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.11.48/2048 - Release Date: 4/8/2009 7:02 PM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Lehman sensor friction - design consideratons
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sun, 19 Apr 2009 23:47:53 EDT
In a message dated 19/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:
I have a question regarding the lower pivot. I read the material you
provided previously. It seems a SS plate on the horizontal arm working against a
SS ball bearing on the vertical is a good choice. Is my understanding
correct?
Hi Rob,
That is quite correct. One system that I use has this. I usually work
at 20 seconds to minimise tilt drifts and optimise surface wave pickup, but
I can set it up for a stable 60 second swing. The SEPUK1 which has crossed
WC needle rollers can also be set up for periods much greater than 20
seconds.
I am planning a crossed carbide drill shafts for the upper pivot.
Mount the balls or sloping vertical needle rollers on the upright
stand and the plates or horizontal rollers on the arm and the diagonal
suspension. This minimises angular contact errors and lessens significantly the
chance of the bearings slipping in operation.
You can also use a flexing wire in tension for either or both
suspensions. See _http://jclahr.com/science/psn/gate.html_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/gate.html)
You could use crossed shanks for both bearings? This may be the
simplest solution, but not the cheapest.
Or use SS ball bearings for both? Drill out a larger SS bolt to take
say a 5/16" bearing and turn / file off the top threads to leave a short
thin tube with a V bottom. File off the top of the tube at the angle of the
top suspension and stick a ball to the V bottom. Mount the bolt vertically on
an L bracket fitted to the upright. Bend a U of brass strip and solder a
flat brass plate across the end. Stick a rectangle cut from a scalpel blade
to the inside of the flat plate with two part acrylic glue. Epoxy is too
brittle for this job. Two part polyurethane should also be OK. Neither of
these set 'brittle hard'. This U fitting fits over the vertically mounted SS
bearing.
Consider an Al base 30" long. The expansion of Al is 23 ppm / C deg.
So a 10 C change of temperature results in a 30x10x23^-6 = 7 thou" change in
length! This will make the support legs to slide over their mounting
plates and will move any play / slop in the threads. Commercial seismometers may
use fine thread support fittings over 1/2" long, which are slotted
parallel to the axis. The slot is compressed with a bolt to clamp the outer thread
to the threaded shaft after the position has been set.
Alternatively, you can use a wavy washer and a lock nut on top of the
frame to clamp the thread in place. I use a 3" x 1" x 1/8" Al U channel
frame fitted with 6" corner plates. I drill 1/2" OD Al alloy rod 3/4" long
with a 6 mm drill and turn off the ends square. I drill a 6 mm hole in the
frame. I fit a 6 mm bolt + locknut through the rod, put acrylic adhesive on the
free end of the rod and on a spare nut, put the bolt through the frame,
thread on the nut + adhesive and clamp the fitting firmly with the locknut
until the adhesive is set. Lightly coat the bolt thread with Vaseline and
then wipe it to prevent adhesion.
The ground will likely expand by a smaller amount and more slowly, so
the three mountings are trying to slide about most of the time!!! I tip my
6 mm SS mounting bolts with 5 mm SS bearings and provide 2" square x 1/8"
flat SS support plates stuck to the concrete floor with pool cement. I don't
have any significant tilt drift problems. You are likely to see tilt
drifts over time if you don't use a hard flat stable base / flat ground plates
and don't clamp the threads.
You need to make the arm quite rigid. Amateur designs seem often to
have no damping / mechanical constraint to counter rotational motion of the
seismometer arm about it's long axis. If the centre of the damping force is
either above or below the line joining the centre of mass to the lower
bearing, any quake signal will try to rotate the arm as well as move it side to
side. Since there is no or low damping on this motion, the movement can be
quite large and this may show up as a large background peak at a few Hz.
This may be opposed by fitting a rigid top suspension tube similar to the
arm, or by using a V cable suspension from the top of the support column to a
6" to 8" long crossbar bolted to the arm near the mass. I use 7 core nylon
coated SS 30 lb fishing trace for this. The cable ends are loops fitted in
round V grooves on the crossbar and are crimped with the tubes provided.
This seems to work well and it is not expensive. The top fitting is a 1.5"
OD SS mudguard washer with a V groove turned / filed around it's edge. This
is stuck onto the top bearing frame / wire clamp.
You should choose a site with the minimum daily temperature variations
around the seismometer. It MUST be shielded from direct sunlight. You can
buy LCD digital thermometers which run off a 1.5V battery, indicate to 0.1
C Deg and record minimum and maximum readings. Covering the floor with
insulating material around the seismometer can also help. You definitely do
need an airtight shielding case to prevent drafts and to minimise any air
convection, preferably made out of Celotex sheet foam or similar. A large
folded cover sheet of bubble wrap with the bubbles inside can help.
You can also get reverse convection noise late at night / about dawn
if the case temperature falls below the ground temperature. Rolls of air
peel off the inside of the case, fall to the ground and push the arm about.
This can be cured by mounting a small heater ~10W inside the top of the
seismometer case to keep a +ve air temperature gradient inside at all times.
Have a look at the damping and sensor designs at
_http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/index.html_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/index.html)
I hope that these comments may be of help. The Lehman designs on psn
use out of date / poor techniques which need to be completely revised. I
advise against trying to use oil damping; point or knife blade bearings;
separated suspension, damping and sensor modules; Alnico U magnet and coil
sensors; magnets and ferromagnetic components on the arm and single wire
suspensions. These are ALL best avoided!
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16809" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>In a message dated 19/04/2009, rog@.......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>I have a
question regarding the lower pivot. I read the material you provide=
d
previously. It seems a SS plate on the horizontal arm working against a=
SS
ball bearing on the vertical is a good choice. Is my understanding=
correct?</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV>Hi Rob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> That is quite correct. One system that I use=
has
this. I usually work at 20 seconds to minimise tilt drifts and optimise su=
rface
wave pickup, but I can set it up for a stable 60 second swing. The SEPUK1=
which
has crossed WC needle rollers can also be set up for periods much greater=
than
20 seconds.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>I am
planning a crossed carbide drill shafts for the upper pivot.</FONT></BLO=
CKQUOTE>
<DIV> Mount the balls or sloping vertical needle ro=
llers
on the upright stand and the plates or horizontal rollers on the arm and=
the
diagonal suspension. This minimises angular contact errors and lessens
significantly the chance of the bearings slipping in operation. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You can also use a flexing wire in tension fo=
r
either or both suspensions. See <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/gate.html">http://jclahr.com/science=
/psn/gate.html</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You could use crossed shanks for both bearing=
s?
This may be the simplest solution, but not the cheapest.</DIV>
<DIV> Or use SS ball bearings for both? Drill out=
a
larger SS bolt to take say a 5/16" bearing and turn / file off the top thr=
eads
to leave a short thin tube with a V bottom. File off the top of the tube=
at the
angle of the top suspension and stick a ball to the V bottom. Mount the bo=
lt
vertically on an L bracket fitted to the upright. Bend a U of br=
ass
strip and solder a flat brass plate across the end. Stick a rectangle =
;cut
from a scalpel blade to the inside of the flat plate with two part acrylic=
glue.
Epoxy is too brittle for this job. Two part polyurethane should also be OK=
..
Neither of these set 'brittle hard'. This U fitting fits over the vertical=
ly
mounted SS bearing.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Consider an Al base 30" long. The expans=
ion of
Al is 23 ppm / C deg. So a 10 C change of temperature results in=
a
30x10x23^-6 =3D 7 thou" change in length! This will make the support=
legs to
slide over their mounting plates and will move any play / slop in the thre=
ads.
Commercial seismometers may use fine thread support fittings over 1/2=
"
long, which are slotted parallel to the axis. The slot is compressed with=
a bolt
to clamp the outer thread to the threaded shaft after the position has bee=
n set.
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Alternatively, you can use a wavy washer and=
a lock
nut on top of the frame to clamp the thread in place. I use a 3" x 1" x 1/=
8" Al
U channel frame fitted with 6" corner plates. I drill 1/2" OD Al alloy rod=
3/4"
long with a 6 mm drill and turn off the ends square. I drill a 6 mm hole=
in the
frame. I fit a 6 mm bolt + locknut through the rod, put acrylic adhesive=
on the
free end of the rod and on a spare nut, put the bolt through the frame, th=
read
on the nut + adhesive and clamp the fitting firmly with the locknut=
until
the adhesive is set. Lightly coat the bolt thread with Vaseline and then=
wipe
it to prevent adhesion.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The ground will likely expand by a
smaller amount and more slowly, so the three mountings are tryin=
g to
slide about most of the time!!! I tip my 6 mm SS mounting bolts with 5 mm=
SS
bearings and provide 2" square x 1/8" flat SS support plates stuck to
the concrete floor with pool cement. I don't have any significan=
t tilt
drift problems. You are likely to see tilt drifts over time if you don't=
use a
hard flat stable base / flat ground plates and don't clamp the
threads.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You need to make the arm quite rigid. Amateur=
designs seem often to have no damping / mechanical constraint to counter=
rotational motion of the seismometer arm about it's long axis. If the=
centre of the damping force is either above or below the line joining the=
centre
of mass to the lower bearing, any quake signal will try to rotate the arm=
as
well as move it side to side. Since there is no or low damping on this mot=
ion,
the movement can be quite large and this may show up as a large backg=
round
peak at a few Hz. This may be opposed by fitting a rigid top suspension tu=
be
similar to the arm, or by using a V cable suspension from the top of the=
support
column to a 6" to 8" long crossbar bolted to the arm near the ma=
ss. I
use 7 core nylon coated SS 30 lb fishing trace for this. The cable ends ar=
e
loops fitted in round V grooves on the crossbar and are crimped with=
the
tubes provided. This seems to work well and it is not expensive. The top=
fitting
is a 1.5" OD SS mudguard washer with a V groove turned / filed around it's=
edge.
This is stuck onto the top bearing frame / wire clamp. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You should choose a site with the minimum dai=
ly
temperature variations around the seismometer. It MUST be shielded from di=
rect
sunlight. You can buy LCD digital thermometers which run off a 1.5V batter=
y,
indicate to 0.1 C Deg and record minimum and maximum readings. Covering&nb=
sp;the
floor with insulating material around the seismometer can also help. You=
definitely do need an airtight shielding case to prevent drafts and=
to
minimise any air convection, preferably made out of Celotex sheet foam or=
similar. A large folded cover sheet of bubble wrap with the bubbles=
inside
can help. </DIV>
<DIV> You can also get reverse convection noise lat=
e at
night / about dawn if the case temperature falls below the ground temperat=
ure.
Rolls of air peel off the inside of the case, fall to the ground and push=
the
arm about. This can be cured by mounting a small heater ~10W inside the to=
p of
the seismometer case to keep a +ve air temperature gradient inside at all=
times.
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Have a look at the damping and sensor designs=
at <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/index.html">http://jclahr.co=
m/science/psn/chapman/index.html</A> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I hope that these comments may be of help. Th=
e
Lehman designs on psn use out of date / poor techniques which need to=
be
completely revised. I advise against trying to use oil damping;=
point
or knife blade bearings; separated suspension, damping and sensor modules;=
Alnico U magnet and coil sensors; magnets and ferromagnetic components on=
the
arm and single wire suspensions. These are ALL best avoided!</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Seismic detector with AIS326DQ
From: alexander mirabal alexmirabal2000@........
Date: Wed, 22 Apr 2009 22:30:52 +0000 (GMT)
Hello there,
=A0
I am sure this matter has been covered here before, but can't find it and w=
ould like your comments about the following:
=A0
I need to build a device that alarms when a seism takes places, preferably =
in an early state, let's say, for being used in public buildings or schools=
.. It is not intended to measure and record the magnitud of the earth moveme=
nt at all, just detect once it reaches certain level in any of the 3 axis a=
nd activate a sound/visual indication.
=A0
As a first aproximation, I was taking a look to this IC: AIS326DQ http://ww=
w.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq.pdf, but honestly I=
have no practical criteria to determine in advance=A0if it sensitive enoug=
h for my purpose.=A0 The manufacturer web page mentions it is for automotiv=
e applications, but my feeling is that the accelerations changes in such en=
vironments are far beyond the ones I need to deal with.
=A0
In case you consider it not suittable for this application, could any of yo=
u, please, recommend some other chip?
=A0
I am located in Mexico City.
=A0
Thanks in advance,
=A0
Alexander
=A0=0A=0A=0A
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;"><DIV>Hello there,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I am sure this matter has been covered here before, but can't find it =
and would like your comments about the following:</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I need to build a device that alarms when a seism takes places, prefer=
ably in an early state, let's say, for being used in public buildings or sc=
hools. It is not intended to measure and record the magnitud of the earth m=
ovement at all, just detect once it reaches certain level in any of the 3 a=
xis and activate a sound/visual indication.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>As a first aproximation, I was taking a look to this IC: AIS326DQ <A h=
ref=3D"http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq.pdf=
">http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq.pdf</A>,=
but honestly I have no practical criteria to determine in advance if =
it sensitive enough for my purpose. The manufacturer web page mention=
s it is for automotive applications, but my feeling is that the acceleratio=
ns changes in such environments are far beyond the ones I need to deal with=
..</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>In case you consider it not suittable for this application, could any =
of you, please, recommend some other chip?</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I am located in Mexico City.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Thanks in advance,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Alexander</DIV>
<DIV><BR> </DIV></td></tr></table><br>=0A=0A=0A=0A
Subject: Re: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS
From: "James Allen" jcallen1@...........
Date: Wed, 22 Apr 2009 19:54:20 -0700
There is a large lot of Teledyne Geotech Helicorders just listed on Ebay =
today. Problem is, it is a very large "lot auction" that would entail =
shipping cost for hundreds of pounds of equipment.
James Allen
----- Original Message -----=20
From: ChrisAtUpw@..........
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Thursday, October 02, 2008 4:33 PM
Subject: Re: Torsion Seismometer
In a message dated 2008/10/02, tchannel1@............ writes:
I have seen something similar somewhere on the web, but I can't find =
it. This is all I could find. If someone has tried this please email =
me. Thanks, Ted
Torsion Seismometer Wood Anderson
http://www.data.scec.org/Module/s3inset3.html
Hi Ted,
The Wood-Anderson was a horizontal system with a torsion =
suspension, magnetic damping, optical + photographic recording and a =
period of about a second. There is no reason why you could not fit a =
dual Si photocell readout system.=20
To increase the period you can reduce the wire diameter / =
increase the wire length / mount the mass on an extended side boom to =
increase the inertia.
Check out
http://doga.ogs.trieste.it/doga/risk/woodanderson/index.html
http://www.eas.slu.edu/Earthquake_Center/Instruments/
Randall Peters has a vertical torsion device on this website.
http://physics.mercer.edu/hpage/peters.html
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6001.18226" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>There is a large lot of Teledyne =
Geotech=20
Helicorders just listed on Ebay today. Problem is, it is a very =
large "lot=20
auction" that would entail shipping cost for hundreds of pounds of =
equipment.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>James Allen</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3DChrisAtUpw@..........
href=3D"mailto:ChrisAtUpw@.......">ChrisAtUpw@.......</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, October 02, =
2008 4:33=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: Torsion =
Seismometer</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT face=3Darial,helvetica><FONT size=3D2 =
PTSIZE=3D"10">In a=20
message dated 2008/10/02, <A=20
href=3D"mailto:tchannel1@............">tchannel1@............</A>=20
writes:<BR><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px =
solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"=20
TYPE=3D"CITE">I have seen something similar somewhere on the web, but =
I can't=20
find it. This is all I could find. If =
someone has=20
tried this please email me. Thanks, Ted</FONT><FONT =
lang=3D0=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 =
size=3D3=20
PTSIZE=3D"12" FAMILY=3D"SANSSERIF" BACK=3D"#ffffff"><BR></FONT><FONT =
lang=3D0=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2=20
PTSIZE=3D"10" FAMILY=3D"SANSSERIF" BACK=3D"#ffffff">Torsion =
Seismometer Wood=20
Anderson</FONT><FONT lang=3D0 style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" =
face=3DArial=20
color=3D#000000 size=3D3 PTSIZE=3D"12" FAMILY=3D"SANSSERIF"=20
BACK=3D"#ffffff"><BR></FONT><FONT lang=3D0 =
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff"=20
face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2 PTSIZE=3D"10" =
FAMILY=3D"SANSSERIF"=20
BACK=3D"#ffffff"><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.data.scec.org/Module/s3inset3.html">http://www.data.sc=
ec.org/Module/s3inset3.html</A></FONT><FONT=20
lang=3D0 style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000 size=3D3=20
PTSIZE=3D"12" FAMILY=3D"SANSSERIF" =
BACK=3D"#ffffff"></BLOCKQUOTE><BR></FONT><FONT=20
lang=3D0 style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000 size=3D2=20
PTSIZE=3D"10" FAMILY=3D"SANSSERIF" BACK=3D"#ffffff"><BR>Hi=20
Ted,<BR><BR> The Wood-Anderson was =
a=20
horizontal system with a torsion suspension, magnetic damping, optical =
+=20
photographic recording and a period of about a second. There is no =
reason why=20
you could not fit a dual Si photocell readout system.=20
<BR><BR> To increase the period =
you can=20
reduce the wire diameter / increase the wire length / mount the mass =
on an=20
extended side boom to increase the=20
inertia.<BR><BR> Check=20
out<BR> =20
=
http://doga.ogs.trieste.it/doga/risk/woodanderson/index.html<BR> &nb=
sp; =20
=
http://www.eas.slu.edu/Earthquake_Center/Instruments/<BR><BR> =
=20
Randall Peters has a vertical torsion device on this=20
website.<BR> =20
=
http://physics.mercer.edu/hpage/peters.html<BR><BR> &nbs=
p; =20
Regards,<BR><BR> Chris =
Chapman</FONT>=20
</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>
Subject: RE: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Wed, 22 Apr 2009 20:10:21 -0700
Whats the ebay part number?
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of James Allen
Sent: Wednesday, April 22, 2009 7:54 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS
There is a large lot of Teledyne Geotech Helicorders just listed on Ebay
today. Problem is, it is a very large "lot auction" that would entail
shipping cost for hundreds of pounds of equipment.
James Allen
----- Original Message -----
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
To: psn-l@..............
Sent: Thursday, October 02, 2008 4:33 PM
Subject: Re: Torsion Seismometer
In a message dated 2008/10/02, tchannel1@............ writes:
I have seen something similar somewhere on the web, but I
can't find it. This is all I could find. If someone has tried this
please email me. Thanks, Ted
Torsion Seismometer Wood Anderson
http://www.data.scec.org/Module/s3inset3.html
Hi Ted,
The Wood-Anderson was a horizontal system with a torsion
suspension, magnetic damping, optical + photographic recording and a period
of about a second. There is no reason why you could not fit a dual Si
photocell readout system.
To increase the period you can reduce the wire diameter /
increase the wire length / mount the mass on an extended side boom to
increase the inertia.
Check out
http://doga.ogs.trieste.it/doga/risk/woodanderson/index.html
http://www.eas.slu.edu/Earthquake_Center/Instruments/
Randall Peters has a vertical torsion device on this website.
http://physics.mercer.edu/hpage/peters.html
Regards,
Chris Chapman
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Seismic detector with AIS326DQ
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Wed, 22 Apr 2009 23:39:09 EDT
In a message dated 22/04/2009, alexmirabal2000@........ writes:
I need to build a device that alarms when a seism takes place, preferably
in an early state, let's say, for being used in public buildings or schools.
It is not intended to measure and record the magnitude of the earth
movement at all, just detect once it reaches certain level in any of the 3 axis
and activate a sound/visual indication.
As a first approximation, I was taking a look to this IC: AIS326DQ
_http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq.pdf_
(http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq.pdf) , but honestly I
have no practical criteria to determine in advance if it sensitive enough
for my purpose. The manufacturer web page mentions it is for automotive
applications, but my feeling is that the accelerations changes in such
environments are far beyond the ones I need to deal with.
Hi Alexander,
If you look at the data sheet, the minimum detection level is 1 milli
g and you only have a 12 bit ADC. These MEMs devices do not have the high
sensitivity, low noise and resolution that I would normally consider for
seismic applications. They use 3.3V supplies and low level digital outputs,
not 5V. There is NO low pass filter to remove noise.
You still have to take measurements in the real world, with all the
environmental background noise that this entails.
See the comments about noise and drift at
_http://psn.quake.net/strongmotion.html_ (http://psn.quake.net/strongmotion.html)
Larry does offer a triaxial sensor board
_http://psn.quake.net/psnaccel/_ (http://psn.quake.net/psnaccel/)
In case you consider it not suitable for this application, could any of
you, please, recommend some other chip?
Not really. However, you can make a sensitive detector using a 44 mm
OD piezo disk from _www.digikey.com_ (http://www.digikey.com) such as
102-1170-ND @ $1.62 each with added load weights, but you do have to produce all
the electronics, filters and an ADC. This is quite a lot of work. How good
are you at designing / building electronics?
I use similar discs in flex bending mode, not as a loaded drum. You
can also buy high capacity disks already mounted in plastic cases, but their
output is nearly square law, not linear like a simple flex disk. The flex
disk that I use gives over 5x the voltage output of a 4.5 Hz L15B geophone
see _http://psn.quake.net/geophone/index.html_
(http://psn.quake.net/geophone/index.html) and the setup can go down to 10 seconds period. Note that you
may want to detect P and S waves from 0.5 Hz to 5 Hz.
Let me know if you want any further help?
I am located in Mexico City.
Regards,
Chris Chapman in UK
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ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>In a message dated 22/04/2009, alexmirabal2000@........ writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000>
<DIV>I need to build a device that alarms when a seism takes place, pref=
erably
in an early state, let's say, for being used in public buildings or scho=
ols.
It is not intended to measure and record the magnitude of the earth move=
ment
at all, just detect once it reaches certain level in any of the 3 axis=
and
activate a sound/visual indication.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>As a first approximation, I was taking a look to this IC: AIS326DQ=
<A
title=3Dhttp://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq=
..pdf
href=3D"http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq=
..pdf">http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq.pdf=
</A>,
but honestly I have no practical criteria to determine in advance i=
f it
sensitive enough for my purpose. The manufacturer web page mention=
s it
is for automotive applications, but my feeling is that the accelerations=
changes in such environments are far beyond the ones I need to deal
with.</FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV>Hi Alexander,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> If you look at the data sheet, the minimum
detection level is 1 milli g and you only have a 12 bit ADC. These MEMs de=
vices
do not have the high sensitivity, low noise and resolution that I would no=
rmally
consider for seismic applications. They use 3.3V supplies and low level di=
gital
outputs, not 5V. There is NO low pass filter to remove noise.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You still have to take measurements in the re=
al
world, with all the environmental background noise that this entails.=
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> See the comments about noise and drift at <A=
href=3D"http://psn.quake.net/strongmotion.html">http://psn.quake.net/stron=
gmotion.html</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Larry does offer a triaxial sensor board <A=
href=3D"http://psn.quake.net/psnaccel/">http://psn.quake.net/psnaccel/</A>=
</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000>
<DIV>In case you consider it not suitable for this application, could an=
y of
you, please, recommend some other chip?</FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Not really. However, you can make a sensitive=
detector using a 44 mm OD piezo disk from <A
href=3D"http://www.digikey.com">www.digikey.com</A> such as 102-1170-ND @=
$1.62
each with added load weights, but you do have to produce all the electroni=
cs,
filters and an ADC. This is quite a lot of work. How good are you at desig=
ning /
building electronics? </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I use similar discs in flex bending mode, not=
as a
loaded drum. You can also buy high capacity disks already mounted in plast=
ic
cases, but their output is nearly square law, not linear like a simple fle=
x
disk. The flex disk that I use gives over 5x the voltage output of a 4.5=
Hz L15B
geophone see <A
href=3D"http://psn.quake.net/geophone/index.html">http://psn.quake.net/geo=
phone/index.html</A> and
the setup can go down to 10 seconds period. Note that you may want to dete=
ct P
and S waves from 0.5 Hz to 5 Hz. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Let me know if you want any further help?</DI=
V>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000>
<DIV>I am located in Mexico City.</DIV></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman in UK</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML=
>
Subject: Re: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS
From: "James Allen" jcallen1@...........
Date: Wed, 22 Apr 2009 20:49:43 -0700
The Ebay Item Number is 200334607108
----- Original Message -----
From: "Kareem Lanier" <system98765@.............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Wednesday, April 22, 2009 8:10 PM
Subject: RE: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS
> Whats the ebay part number?
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@...............
> On
> Behalf Of James Allen
> Sent: Wednesday, April 22, 2009 7:54 PM
> To: psn-l@..............
> Subject: Re: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS
>
> There is a large lot of Teledyne Geotech Helicorders just listed on Ebay
> today. Problem is, it is a very large "lot auction" that would entail
> shipping cost for hundreds of pounds of equipment.
> James Allen
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
> To: psn-l@..............
> Sent: Thursday, October 02, 2008 4:33 PM
> Subject: Re: Torsion Seismometer
>
> In a message dated 2008/10/02, tchannel1@............ writes:
>
>
>
> I have seen something similar somewhere on the web, but I
> can't find it. This is all I could find. If someone has tried this
> please email me. Thanks, Ted
> Torsion Seismometer Wood Anderson
> http://www.data.scec.org/Module/s3inset3.html
>
>
>
> Hi Ted,
>
> The Wood-Anderson was a horizontal system with a torsion
> suspension, magnetic damping, optical + photographic recording and a
> period
> of about a second. There is no reason why you could not fit a dual Si
> photocell readout system.
>
> To increase the period you can reduce the wire diameter /
> increase the wire length / mount the mass on an extended side boom to
> increase the inertia.
>
> Check out
> http://doga.ogs.trieste.it/doga/risk/woodanderson/index.html
> http://www.eas.slu.edu/Earthquake_Center/Instruments/
>
> Randall Peters has a vertical torsion device on this website.
> http://physics.mercer.edu/hpage/peters.html
>
> Regards,
>
> Chris Chapman
>
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS
From: meredith lamb paleoartifact@.........
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2009 00:08:50 -0600
On Wed, Apr 22, 2009 at 9:49 PM, James Allen <jcallen1@...........> wrote:
> The Ebay Item Number is 200334607108
> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Kareem Lanier" <
> system98765@.............>
> To: <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Wednesday, April 22, 2009 8:10 PM
> Subject: RE: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS
>
>
>
> Whats the ebay part number?
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@...............
>> On
>> Behalf Of James Allen
>> Sent: Wednesday, April 22, 2009 7:54 PM
>> To: psn-l@..............
>> Subject: Re: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS
>>
>> There is a large lot of Teledyne Geotech Helicorders just listed on Ebay
>> today. Problem is, it is a very large "lot auction" that would entail
>> shipping cost for hundreds of pounds of equipment.
>> James Allen
>>
>> Hi all,
>
My "reasonable guess" is that they are from the NEIC in Golden, Colorado
(west edge of metro Denver). Antiquated stuff of course.
Starting bid looks like a typo ~ $30.00!? 11 racks and 6 skids; one would
probably need a tractor trailer shipper....at a very much
higher cost add-on...perhaps 1k or even more?? Estimated 6000 pounds. Each
drum unit is probably over 100 pounds each. The way they "stacked" them on
the one photo skid probably means dents in the thin aluminum drum outer
diameter sides (ugh!). Age (?)....1960's into the 1970's or thereabouts
but possibly newer dates for the electronics. I know....drummer
delight...for some...but at a real high final cost for
the winning bidder is my two cents guess.
Take care, Meredith Lamb
<br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, Apr 22, 2009 at 9:49 PM, James A=
llen <span dir=3D"ltr"><<a href=3D"mailto:jcallen1@...........">jcallen1=
@...........</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" sty=
le=3D"border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex;=
padding-left: 1ex;">
The Ebay Item Number is 200334607108<br>
----- Original Message ----- From: "Kareem Lanier" <<a href=3D=
"mailto:system98765@............." target=3D"_blank">system98765@...........
com</a>><div class=3D"im"><br>
To: <<a href=3D"mailto:psn-l@.............." target=3D"_blank">psn-l@web=
tronics.com</a>><br></div>
Sent: Wednesday, April 22, 2009 8:10 PM<br>
Subject: RE: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS<div><div></div><div class=3D"h5">=
<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, =
204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Whats the ebay part number?<br>
<br>
-----Original Message-----<br>
From: <a href=3D"mailto:psn-l-request@.............." target=3D"_blank">psn=
-l-request@..............</a> [mailto:<a href=3D"mailto:psn-l-request@webtr=
onics.com" target=3D"_blank">psn-l-request@..............</a>] On<br>
Behalf Of James Allen<br>
Sent: Wednesday, April 22, 2009 7:54 PM<br>
To: <a href=3D"mailto:psn-l@.............." target=3D"_blank">psn-l@webtron=
ics.com</a><br>
Subject: Re: TELEDYNE GEOTECH HELICORDERS<br>
<br>
There is a large lot of Teledyne Geotech Helicorders just listed on Ebay<br=
>
today. =A0Problem is, it is a very large "lot auction" =A0that wo=
uld entail<br>
shipping cost for hundreds of pounds of equipment.<br>
James Allen<br>
<br>
</blockquote>Hi all,</div></div></blockquote><div><br>My "reasonable g=
uess" is that they are from the NEIC in Golden, Colorado (west edge of=
metro Denver).=A0 Antiquated stuff of course.<br>Starting bid looks like a=
typo ~ $30.00!?=A0 11 racks and 6 skids; one would probably need a tractor=
trailer shipper....at a very much<br>
higher cost add-on...perhaps 1k or even more??=A0 Estimated 6000 pounds.=A0=
Each drum unit is probably over 100 pounds each.=A0 The way they "sta=
cked" them on the one photo skid probably means dents in the thin alum=
inum drum outer diameter sides (ugh!). =A0 Age (?)....1960's into the 1=
970's or thereabouts but possibly newer dates for the electronics.=A0 I=
know....drummer delight...for some...but at a real high final cost for<br>
the winning bidder is my two cents guess.<br><br>Take care, Meredith Lamb<b=
r><br><br><br><br><br><br>=A0 <br><br><br><br><br><br>=A0=A0=A0 <br></div><=
/div><br>
Subject: Large Lot GEOTECH Earthquake Measuring Seismology Equip
From: mongo@.........
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2009 12:46:05 +0000
http://cgi.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=200334607108
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Large Lot GEOTECH Earthquake Measuring Seismology Equip
From: meredith lamb paleoartifact@.........
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2009 08:49:06 -0600
On Thu, Apr 23, 2009 at 6:46 AM, <mongo@.........> wrote:
> http://cgi.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=200334607108
>
> Hi again;
>
One more note on this lot. Historically I do know that the thermal pens
used on these drums were a constant problem in being
either accidentally physically damaged or from occasional pen motor fast
response driven normal use damage. Even many years ago they were
very expensive to obtain. It wasn't unusual for such to be stripped from
unused equipment to be used. I only noted one pen in the Ebay
photo's. In short....the buyer "may" not get all the pens; and/or they
could also be "home brew" versions therein? Its possible that
the pen motors themselves may be absent from, or short per the quanity of
drums? The thermal paper used is also very expensive.
Just a cautionary buyer/bidder note. I've been a visitor to the NEIC a few
times over the years and these problems were mentioned a
few times from a variety of folks there. No; I am not bidding on the lot.
Take care, Meredith Lamb
<br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu, Apr 23, 2009 at 6:46 AM, <span =
dir=3D"ltr"><<a href=3D"mailto:mongo@.........">mongo@.........</a>><=
/span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"border-left: 1p=
x solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
<a href=3D"http://cgi.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=3D2003346=
07108" target=3D"_blank">http://cgi.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&=
item=3D200334607108</a><br>
<br>
Hi again;<br>
</blockquote></div>=A0<br>One more note on this lot.=A0 Historically I do k=
now that the thermal pens used on these drums were a constant problem in be=
ing<br>either accidentally physically damaged or from occasional pen motor =
fast response driven normal use damage.=A0 Even many years ago they were<br=
>
very expensive to obtain.=A0 It wasn't unusual for such to be stripped =
from unused equipment to be used.=A0 I only noted one pen in the Ebay<br>ph=
oto's.=A0 In short....the buyer "may" not get all the pens; a=
nd/or they could also be "home brew" versions therein?=A0 Its pos=
sible that<br>
the pen motors themselves may be absent from, or short per the quanity of d=
rums?=A0 The thermal paper used is also very expensive.=A0 <br>Just a cauti=
onary buyer/bidder note. =A0 I've been a visitor to the NEIC a few time=
s over the years and these problems were mentioned a<br>
few times from a variety of folks there.=A0=A0 No; I am not bidding on the =
lot.<br><br>Take care, Meredith Lamb<br><br>=A0 =A0=A0 <br>
Subject: Re: Seismic detector with AIS326DQ
From: alexander mirabal alexmirabal2000@........
Date: Fri, 24 Apr 2009 01:07:34 +0000 (GMT)
Hi Chris,
=A0
Thank you very much for your helpful comments!
=A0
Yes, your explanation have definetly made me see=A0that noise is a fact I h=
ave to deal with using external filtering, tuned based on real response obt=
ained from this environment, that is very noisy. An important part of this =
city is contructed on what was a lake before the spaniard conquest. It is v=
ery common here to feel on building's structure the vibrations produced by =
trucks or buses on the street.=20
=A0
Electronics is not a problem at all,=A0and=A0I advance some experimentation=
will be needed, particulary to choose the correct useful band of the filte=
rs. The 3 axis accelerometer board block diagram=A0is a good start point re=
ference for me, but I feel (just that, because I insist I have no practical=
criteria in this matter) the 20Hz cut off frequency is too high.=A0The vib=
ration produced by trucks or busses on=A0buildings looks to me lower in fre=
quency, but the experimentation will say..!
=A0
I will try to get the 3052 sensors and go on with my own design of the filt=
er/amps and microcontroller interface, and=A0once I have some results, will=
be glad to share them with the forum.
=A0
Many thanks again,
=A0
Alexander
--- El jue, 23/4/09, ChrisAtUpw@....... <ChrisAtUpw@.......> escribi=F3:
De: ChrisAtUpw@....... <ChrisAtUpw@.......>
Asunto: Re: Seismic detector with AIS326DQ
Para: psn-l@..............
Fecha: jueves, 23 abril, 2009 5:39
In a message dated 22/04/2009, alexmirabal2000@........ writes:
I need to build a device that alarms when a seism takes place, preferably i=
n an early state, let's say, for being used in public buildings or schools.=
It is not intended to measure and record the magnitude of the earth moveme=
nt at all, just detect once it reaches certain level in any of the 3 axis a=
nd activate a sound/visual indication.
=A0
As a first approximation, I was taking a look to this IC: AIS326DQ http://w=
ww.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq.pdf, but honestly =
I have no practical criteria to determine in advance=A0if it sensitive enou=
gh for my purpose.=A0 The manufacturer web page mentions it is for automoti=
ve applications, but my feeling is that the accelerations changes in such e=
nvironments are far beyond the ones I need to deal with.
Hi Alexander,
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0If you look at the data sheet, the minimum detection level is 1=
milli g and you only have a 12 bit ADC. These MEMs devices do not have the=
high sensitivity, low noise and resolution that I would normally consider =
for seismic applications. They use 3.3V supplies and low level digital outp=
uts, not 5V. There is NO low pass filter to remove noise.
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0You still have to take measurements in the real world, with all=
=A0the environmental background noise that this entails.=20
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0See the comments about noise and drift at http://psn.quake.net/=
strongmotion.html
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0Larry does offer a triaxial sensor board http://psn.quake.net/p=
snaccel/
In case you consider it not suitable for this application, could any of you=
, please, recommend some other chip?
=A0=A0=A0=A0Not really. However, you can make a sensitive detector using a =
44 mm OD piezo disk from www.digikey.com such as 102-1170-ND @ $1.62 each w=
ith added load weights, but you do have to produce all the electronics, fil=
ters and an ADC. This is quite a lot of work. How good are you at designing=
/ building electronics?=20
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0I use similar discs in flex bending mode, not as a loaded drum.=
You can also buy high capacity disks already mounted in plastic cases, but=
their output is nearly square law, not linear like a simple flex disk. The=
flex disk that I use gives over 5x the voltage output of a 4.5 Hz L15B geo=
phone see http://psn.quake.net/geophone/index.html=A0and the setup can go d=
own to 10 seconds period. Note that you may want to detect P and S waves fr=
om 0.5 Hz to 5 Hz.=20
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0Let me know if you want any further help?
I am located in Mexico City.
=A0=A0=A0=A0Regards,
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0Chris Chapman in UK=0A=0A=0A
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;"><DIV>Hi Chris,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Thank you very much for your helpful comments!</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Yes, your explanation have definetly made me see that noise is a =
fact I have to deal with using external filtering, tuned based on real resp=
onse obtained from this environment, that is very noisy. An important part =
of this city is contructed on what was a lake before the spaniard conquest.=
It is very common here to feel on building's structure the vibrations prod=
uced by trucks or buses on the street. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Electronics is not a problem at all, and I advance some expe=
rimentation will be needed, particulary to choose the correct useful band o=
f the filters. The 3 axis accelerometer board block diagram is a good =
start point reference for me, but I feel (just that, because I insist I hav=
e no practical criteria in this matter) the 20Hz cut off frequency is too h=
igh. The vibration produced by trucks or busses on buildings look=
s to me lower in frequency, but the experimentation will say..!</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I will try to get the 3052 sensors and go on with my own design of the=
filter/amps and microcontroller interface, and once I have some resul=
ts, will be glad to share them with the forum.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Many thanks again,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Alexander<BR><BR>--- El <B>jue, 23/4/09, ChrisAtUpw@....... <I><Chr=
isAtUpw@.......></I></B> escribi=F3:<BR></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(=
16,16,255) 2px solid"><BR>De: ChrisAtUpw@....... <ChrisAtUpw@.......>=
<BR>Asunto: Re: Seismic detector with AIS326DQ<BR>Para: psn-l@..............
m<BR>Fecha: jueves, 23 abril, 2009 5:39<BR><BR>
<DIV id=3Dyiv438829654><FONT id=3Drole_document face=3DArial color=3D#00000=
0 size=3D2>
<DIV>In a message dated 22/04/2009, alexmirabal2000@........ writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue=
2px solid"><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial colo=
r=3D#000000>
<DIV>I need to build a device that alarms when a seism takes place, prefera=
bly in an early state, let's say, for being used in public buildings or sch=
ools. It is not intended to measure and record the magnitude of the earth m=
ovement at all, just detect once it reaches certain level in any of the 3 a=
xis and activate a sound/visual indication.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>As a first approximation, I was taking a look to this IC: AIS326DQ <A =
title=3Dhttp://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq.pd=
f href=3D"http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/14956/ais326dq.=
pdf" target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>http://www.st.com/stonline/products/lit=
erature/ds/14956/ais326dq.pdf</A>, but honestly I have no practical criteri=
a to determine in advance if it sensitive enough for my purpose. =
The manufacturer web page mentions it is for automotive applications, but =
my feeling is that the accelerations changes in such environments are far b=
eyond the ones I need to deal with.</FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV>Hi Alexander,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> If you look at the data sheet, the minimum det=
ection level is 1 milli g and you only have a 12 bit ADC. These MEMs device=
s do not have the high sensitivity, low noise and resolution that I would n=
ormally consider for seismic applications. They use 3.3V supplies and low l=
evel digital outputs, not 5V. There is NO low pass filter to remove noise.<=
/DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You still have to take measurements in the rea=
l world, with all the environmental background noise that this entails=
.. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> See the comments about noise and drift at <A h=
ref=3D"http://psn.quake.net/strongmotion.html" target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofoll=
ow>http://psn.quake.net/strongmotion.html</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Larry does offer a triaxial sensor board <A hr=
ef=3D"http://psn.quake.net/psnaccel/" target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>http:/=
/psn.quake.net/psnaccel/</A></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue=
2px solid"><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial colo=
r=3D#000000>
<DIV>In case you consider it not suitable for this application, could any o=
f you, please, recommend some other chip?</FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Not really. However, you can make a sensitive =
detector using a 44 mm OD piezo disk from <A href=3D"http://www.digikey.com=
/" target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>www.digikey.com</A> such as 102-1170-ND @=
$1.62 each with added load weights, but you do have to produce all the ele=
ctronics, filters and an ADC. This is quite a lot of work. How good are you=
at designing / building electronics? </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I use similar discs in flex bending mode, not =
as a loaded drum. You can also buy high capacity disks already mounted in p=
lastic cases, but their output is nearly square law, not linear like a simp=
le flex disk. The flex disk that I use gives over 5x the voltage output of =
a 4.5 Hz L15B geophone see <A href=3D"http://psn.quake.net/geophone/index.h=
tml" target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>http://psn.quake.net/geophone/index.htm=
l</A> and the setup can go down to 10 seconds period. Note that you ma=
y want to detect P and S waves from 0.5 Hz to 5 Hz. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Let me know if you want any further help?</DIV=
>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue=
2px solid"><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial colo=
r=3D#000000>
<DIV>I am located in Mexico City.</DIV></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman in UK</DIV></FONT></DIV></BLOCKQ=
UOTE></td></tr></table><br>=0A=0A=0A=0A
Subject: Re: Large Lot GEOTECH Earthquake Measuring Seismology Equip
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2009 20:18:51 -0700
When the Government Sells its old things
they are usually very obsolete.
And they should be Surveyed ( not sure what that means )
but surveyed should be written or stamped on all those devices.
This insures its not been stolen or whatever.
Shipping 6000 lbs would be the greatest expense I should imagine.
----- Original Message -----
From: "meredith lamb" <paleoartifact@.........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Thursday, April 23, 2009 7:49 AM
Subject: Re: Large Lot GEOTECH Earthquake Measuring Seismology Equip
> On Thu, Apr 23, 2009 at 6:46 AM, <mongo@.........> wrote:
>
>> http://cgi.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=200334607108
>>
>> Hi again;
>>
>
> One more note on this lot. Historically I do know that the thermal pens
> used on these drums were a constant problem in being
> either accidentally physically damaged or from occasional pen motor fast
> response driven normal use damage. Even many years ago they were
> very expensive to obtain. It wasn't unusual for such to be stripped from
> unused equipment to be used. I only noted one pen in the Ebay
> photo's. In short....the buyer "may" not get all the pens; and/or they
> could also be "home brew" versions therein? Its possible that
> the pen motors themselves may be absent from, or short per the quanity of
> drums? The thermal paper used is also very expensive.
> Just a cautionary buyer/bidder note. I've been a visitor to the NEIC a few
> times over the years and these problems were mentioned a
> few times from a variety of folks there. No; I am not bidding on the lot.
>
> Take care, Meredith Lamb
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2009 10:03:50 -0700
I have a question regarding this system. IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I
need a new pen for it. I can't seem to get a new pen from any viable
sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an enormous amount of money. I
wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or point me in that direction. It
just looks like a metal tube (very, very small) that has a bend in it so
that makes contact with the paper.
Kareem
------------------
Kareem J. Lanier
El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32)
East Bay Area Region
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2009 10:04:34 -0700
I forgot to include the link to my system:
http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo
graph.jpg
-----Original Message-----
From: Kareem Lanier [mailto:system98765@..............
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
To: 'psn-l@...............
Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
I have a question regarding this system. IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I
need a new pen for it. I can't seem to get a new pen from any viable
sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an enormous amount of money. I
wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or point me in that direction. It
just looks like a metal tube (very, very small) that has a bend in it so
that makes contact with the paper.
Kareem
------------------
Kareem J. Lanier
El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32) East Bay Area Region
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2009 10:53:35 -0700
FILE NOT FOUND.
----- Original Message -----
From: "Kareem Lanier" <system98765@.............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
> I forgot to include the link to my system:
> http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo
> graph.jpg
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Kareem Lanier [mailto:system98765@..............
> Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
> To: 'psn-l@...............
> Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
>
> I have a question regarding this system. IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I
> need a new pen for it. I can't seem to get a new pen from any viable
> sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an enormous amount of money. I
> wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or point me in that direction. It
> just looks like a metal tube (very, very small) that has a bend in it so
> that makes contact with the paper.
>
> Kareem
>
>
>
>
>
> ------------------
> Kareem J. Lanier
> El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32) East Bay Area Region
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2009 14:03:24 EDT
In a message dated 25/04/2009, system98765@............. writes:
IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I need a new pen for it. I can't seem to
get a new pen from any viable sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an
enormous amount of money. I wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or
point me in that direction. It just looks like a metal tube (very, very
small) that has a bend in it so that makes contact with the paper.
Hi Kareem,
What is the matter with your existing pen? You can buy a special
cleaning fluid for capillary pens. You can also buy fine wire for cleaning out
small tubes. I usually use fine piano wire or hard Nichrome wire, ground to
a diagonal knife end. If you have a problem in getting cleaning fluid, look
for paint stripper fluid containing Methylene Chloride.
I can buy very small bore SS tube quite easily. What is the OD of your
existing tube?
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 25/04/2009, system98765@............. writes:</DIV=
>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>IT's a
kinemetrics PS2 system and I need a new pen for it. I can't seem to get=
a new
pen from any viable sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an enormou=
s
amount of money. I wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or point=
me in
that direction. It just looks like a metal tube (very, very small) that=
has a
bend in it so that makes contact with the paper.<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>=
</DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Kareem,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> What is the matter with your existing pen? Yo=
u can
buy a special cleaning fluid for capillary pens. You can also buy fin=
e wire
for cleaning out small tubes. I usually use fine piano wire or hard Nichro=
me
wire, ground to a diagonal knife end. If you have a problem in getting cle=
aning
fluid, look for paint stripper fluid containing Methylene Chloride.</DIV>
<DIV> I can buy very small bore SS tube quite easil=
y.
What is the OD of your existing tube? </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2009 11:24:28 -0700
Geoffrey,
Try this
http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo
graph.jpg
Gary
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of Geoffrey
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:54 AM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
FILE NOT FOUND.
----- Original Message -----
From: "Kareem Lanier" <system98765@.............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
> I forgot to include the link to my system:
>
http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo
> graph.jpg
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Kareem Lanier [mailto:system98765@..............
> Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
> To: 'psn-l@...............
> Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
>
> I have a question regarding this system. IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and
I
> need a new pen for it. I can't seem to get a new pen from any viable
> sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an enormous amount of money. I
> wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or point me in that direction.
It
> just looks like a metal tube (very, very small) that has a bend in it so
> that makes contact with the paper.
>
> Kareem
>
>
>
>
>
> ------------------
> Kareem J. Lanier
> El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32) East Bay Area Region
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: Ben Bradley benbradley@...........
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2009 16:08:08 -0400
Gary Lindgren wrote:
> Geoffrey,
>
> Try this
> http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo
> graph.jpg
>
Both links "wrap" for me, taking up two lines thus breaking the URL,
but I know how to magically copy-and-paste the parts together into the
address bar of my browser. It's also easy enough to make a much shorter
link at http://tinyurl.com - the following link goes to the pic:
http://tinyurl.com/cuxmsn
> Gary
>
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
> Behalf Of Geoffrey
> Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:54 AM
> To: psn-l@..............
> Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
>
> FILE NOT FOUND.
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Kareem Lanier" <system98765@.............>
> To: <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
> Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
>
>
>
>> I forgot to include the link to my system:
>>
>>
> http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo
>
>> graph.jpg
>>
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Kareem Lanier [mailto:system98765@..............
>> Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
>> To: 'psn-l@...............
>> Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
>>
>> I have a question regarding this system. IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and
>>
> I
>
>> need a new pen for it. I can't seem to get a new pen from any viable
>> sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an enormous amount of money. I
>> wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or point me in that direction.
>>
> It
>
>> just looks like a metal tube (very, very small) that has a bend in it so
>> that makes contact with the paper.
>>
>> Kareem
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------
>> Kareem J. Lanier
>> El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32) East Bay Area Region
>>
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
>> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
>>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2009 21:47:54 -0700
Nifty ! that's like the big boys use.
----- Original Message -----
From: "Ben Bradley" <benbradley@...........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 1:08 PM
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
> Gary Lindgren wrote:
>> Geoffrey,
>>
>> Try this
>> http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo
>> graph.jpg
>>
>
> Both links "wrap" for me, taking up two lines thus breaking the URL,
> but I know how to magically copy-and-paste the parts together into the
> address bar of my browser. It's also easy enough to make a much shorter
> link at http://tinyurl.com - the following link goes to the pic:
>
> http://tinyurl.com/cuxmsn
>
>> Gary
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
>> Behalf Of Geoffrey
>> Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:54 AM
>> To: psn-l@..............
>> Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
>>
>> FILE NOT FOUND.
>>
>>
>> ----- Original Message -----
>> From: "Kareem Lanier" <system98765@.............>
>> To: <psn-l@..............>
>> Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
>> Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
>>
>>
>>
>>> I forgot to include the link to my system:
>>>
>>>
>> http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo
>>
>>> graph.jpg
>>>
>>>
>>> -----Original Message-----
>>> From: Kareem Lanier [mailto:system98765@..............
>>> Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
>>> To: 'psn-l@...............
>>> Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
>>>
>>> I have a question regarding this system. IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and
>>>
>> I
>>
>>> need a new pen for it. I can't seem to get a new pen from any viable
>>> sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an enormous amount of money. I
>>> wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or point me in that direction.
>>>
>> It
>>
>>> just looks like a metal tube (very, very small) that has a bend in it so
>>> that makes contact with the paper.
>>>
>>> Kareem
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> ------------------
>>> Kareem J. Lanier
>>> El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32) East Bay Area Region
>>>
>>> __________________________________________________________
>>>
>>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>>
>>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
>>> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>>
>>>
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
>> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
>> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2009 07:58:40 -0700
Thanks for your replies..
I would love to get the cleaning fluid and wire. Where would one find such
materials? What's "OD?"
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of ChrisAtUpw@.......
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 11:03 AM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
In a message dated 25/04/2009, system98765@............. writes:
IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I need a new pen for it. I can't
seem to get a new pen from any viable sources. The manufacturer wants to
charge an enormous amount of money. I wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make
one or point me in that direction. It just looks like a metal tube (very,
very small) that has a bend in it so that makes contact with the paper.
Hi Kareem,
What is the matter with your existing pen? You can buy a special
cleaning fluid for capillary pens. You can also buy fine wire for cleaning
out small tubes. I usually use fine piano wire or hard Nichrome wire, ground
to a diagonal knife end. If you have a problem in getting cleaning fluid,
look for paint stripper fluid containing Methylene Chloride.
I can buy very small bore SS tube quite easily. What is the OD of your
existing tube?
Regards,
Chris Chapman
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: How to post helicorder online
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2009 10:00:43 -0600
Hi Folks, I know many of you post your helicorder (screen shots) online =
for others to see. In the past I could not do this because I only had =
a dial up modem. I now have broad band.
Could someone explain how I can do this?
Thanks, Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Folks, I know many of you post =
your=20
helicorder (screen shots) online for others to see. In the =
past I=20
could not do this because I only had a dial up modem. I now have =
broad=20
band.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial> Could someone explain how I can =
do=20
this?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2009 16:07:50 -0700
1. Your Own ISP has a personal Web Page You can use.
2. Binary Newsgroups can be posted to and your
ISP probably has one you need a special program to
post with and its not easy to learn how to do it.
involves things like BINHEX and/or Yenc or Mime.
3. Use a free BLOG web site.
4. Free file sharing ( but you must join or register )
5. Peer to Peer which used to be called Kazaa
and might now be bit torrent.
----- Original Message -----
From: "tchannel" <tchannel@............>
To: "psn" <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Sunday, April 26, 2009 9:00 AM
Subject: How to post helicorder online
Hi Folks, I know many of you post your helicorder (screen shots) online for others to see. In the past I could not do this
because I only had a dial up modem. I now have broad band.
Could someone explain how I can do this?
Thanks, Ted
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2009 16:15:43 -0700
My Favorite way ( Which is forbidden by some ISPs
unless you pay out the yin-yang )
is to buy a FTP server and allow your buddies
or girl friends or whatever to download directly
from your own machine.
----- Original Message -----
From: "tchannel" <tchannel@............>
To: "psn" <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Sunday, April 26, 2009 9:00 AM
Subject: How to post helicorder online
Hi Folks, I know many of you post your helicorder (screen shots) online for others to see. In the past I could not do this
because I only had a dial up modem. I now have broad band.
Could someone explain how I can do this?
Thanks, Ted
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
From: "Kay Wyatt" kwyatt@.............
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2009 16:56:35 -0700
Ted,
Congrats on the broad band!
Below is a link that describes how to upload your helicorder images for =
near real time display. In the document, we describe how to upload it =
to the IRIS Seismographs in Schools website. But you can just =
substitute your own web page location. This method uses an inexpensive =
software product called "SnagIt" which seems to work as well as any =
other.
http://www.iris.edu/hq/files/sis/documents/snagit_install_and_setup.pdf
I use this method for my helicorder image at
http://oregonshakes.com/Seismographs/LWC/LWCseis.html
If you use Internet Explorer you can select Page=3D=3D>View source to =
see how it automatically refreshes the page every 10 minutes. The =
following HTML will do the trick:
<meta http-equiv=3D"Refresh" content=3D"600">
<meta http-equiv=3D"pragma" content=3D"no-cache">
<meta http-equiv=3D"expires" content=3D"-1">
Kay Wyatt
----- Original Message -----=20
From: tchannel=20
To: psn=20
Sent: Sunday, April 26, 2009 9:00 AM
Subject: How to post helicorder online
Hi Folks, I know many of you post your helicorder (screen shots) =
online for others to see. In the past I could not do this because I =
only had a dial up modem. I now have broad band.
Could someone explain how I can do this?
Thanks, Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>Ted,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Congrats on the broad band!</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Below is a link that describes how to upload your helicorder images =
for=20
near real time display. In the document, we describe how to upload =
it to=20
the IRIS Seismographs in Schools website. But you can just =
substitute your=20
own web page location. This method uses an inexpensive software =
product=20
called "SnagIt" which seems to work as well as any other.</DIV>
<DIV><A=20
href=3D"http://www.iris.edu/hq/files/sis/documents/snagit_install_and_set=
up.pdf">http://www.iris.edu/hq/files/sis/documents/snagit_install_and_set=
up.pdf</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I use this method for my helicorder image at</DIV>
<DIV><A=20
href=3D"http://oregonshakes.com/Seismographs/LWC/LWCseis.html">http://ore=
gonshakes.com/Seismographs/LWC/LWCseis.html</A></DIV>
<DIV>If you use Internet Explorer you can select Page=3D=3D>View =
source to see=20
how it automatically refreshes the page every 10 minutes. The =
following=20
HTML will do the trick:</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><meta http-equiv=3D"Refresh" content=3D"600"><BR><meta=20
http-equiv=3D"pragma" content=3D"no-cache"><BR><meta =
http-equiv=3D"expires"=20
content=3D"-1"></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Kay Wyatt</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN=20
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"></SPAN></SPAN> </P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN=20
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"></SPAN></SPAN> </P></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Dtchannel@...............
href=3D"mailto:tchannel@............">tchannel</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, April 26, 2009 =
9:00=20
AM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> How to post helicorder =
online</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi Folks, I know many of you =
post your=20
helicorder (screen shots) online for others to see. In the =
past I=20
could not do this because I only had a dial up modem. I now have =
broad=20
band.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2> Could someone explain how I can =
do=20
this?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks, =
Ted</FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2009 21:16:10 -0500
There are many ways to post on Internet. I occasionally post to Face
book for my sons and certain selected outsiders to see a particular
earthquake. I use Infraview to capture the screen, crop it a little and
save it. I simple attach it to an email or post it directly into Face
book. I have used Snag it. It works. You can then upload to a web site.
That doesn't appeal to me because of the inherent delay that exists....
maybe to you. Most internet providers provide some space for you to have
a website with reasonable memory. There are many programs that will help
you to create a site; most are free ... or, it could be done with
Microsoft Publisher if you have it. WinQuake allows almost automatic
posting to the PSN network. I settled on a program called VNC (also
free) because it allows me to access my computer that is running WinSDR
and recording the data when I am away from the home location. It is a
what you see is what you get program. You can put security (firewalls)
up if you feel threaten by external accessing of your home repeater. I
can do anything away from home that I would do at home as long as I have
a good WiFi access. And speed isn't that big an issue. My laptop is only
about 1 ghz speed. The home router runs at 24 mhz and the broad band
connection runs over 10 ghz. Most of the time, the Wifi receiving
unit is the problem; weak signal, , angle of sun or bad weather, too
many on it at one time, things like that. I have occasionally "stolen"
access at some motels ... by just pulling into their parking lot.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2009 22:33:54 -0400
For uploading real-time helicorder displays to your web site, see
the following web page:
http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/as1/index.html
How to create a real-time helicorder display for the Internet using SnagIt.
How to create a real-time helicorder display for the Internet using MWSnap
On 4/26/09, Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............> wrote:
> There are many ways to post on Internet. I occasionally post to Face
> book for my sons and certain selected outsiders to see a particular
> earthquake. I use Infraview to capture the screen, crop it a little and
> save it. I simple attach it to an email or post it directly into Face
> book. I have used Snag it. It works. You can then upload to a web site.
> That doesn't appeal to me because of the inherent delay that exists....
> maybe to you. Most internet providers provide some space for you to have
> a website with reasonable memory. There are many programs that will help
> you to create a site; most are free ... or, it could be done with
> Microsoft Publisher if you have it. WinQuake allows almost automatic
> posting to the PSN network. I settled on a program called VNC (also
> free) because it allows me to access my computer that is running WinSDR
> and recording the data when I am away from the home location. It is a
> what you see is what you get program. You can put security (firewalls)
> up if you feel threaten by external accessing of your home repeater. I
> can do anything away from home that I would do at home as long as I have
> a good WiFi access. And speed isn't that big an issue. My laptop is only
> about 1 ghz speed. The home router runs at 24 mhz and the broad band
> connection runs over 10 ghz. Most of the time, the Wifi receiving
> unit is the problem; weak signal, , angle of sun or bad weather, too
> many on it at one time, things like that. I have occasionally "stolen"
> access at some motels ... by just pulling into their parking lot.
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
From: "Randy Pratt" rpratt@.............
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2009 09:44:27 -0400
Ted,
Bob already mentioned the method "How to create a real-time helicorder
display for the Internet using MWSnap" from John Lahr's web site. This
works great for AmaSeis but it requires keeping the AmaSeis window open and
is limited to one channel. If you use Bob's Helicorder program the program
will create its own images periodically and you do not need Snaggit or
MWSnap to capture the various windows. The images created by each
Helicorder channel can be combined and converted to gif format using Image
Magic. Then upload by referring back to John's instructions. Image Magic
and the FTP program are free on the GNU license. By not using screen
capture you do not need to worry about personal information accidently being
captured and uploaded.
Randy
----- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------.
> | Message 2 |
> '------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------'
> Subject: How to post helicorder online
> From: "tchannel" <tchannel@............>
> Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2009 10:00:43 -0600
>
> This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
>
> ------=_NextPart_000_001A_01C9C655.DC945C00
> Content-Type: text/plain;
> charset="iso-8859-1"
> Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
>
> Hi Folks, I know many of you post your helicorder (screen shots) online =
> for others to see. In the past I could not do this because I only had =
> a dial up modem. I now have broad band.
> Could someone explain how I can do this?
> Thanks, Ted
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2009 20:48:48 -0400
Hi Ted and Randy,
My Heliscroll real-time helicorder display program is intended for
use only with Dataq Data Acquisition type WDQ files. Larry Cochrane
has a similar program for use with his SDR software, I believe.
I hope that Don Wheeler of http://www.teleseismic.net can join this
discussion and clue us in on how he displays real-time plots.
Bob
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
From: Barry Lotz barry_lotz@.............
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2009 19:32:20 -0700 (PDT)
Thomas
I use Tight VNC at home between my computer in the house and the sensor computer in the garage(same network). I tried to use the same server address from the garage from my work computer and could not connect. How did you determine the server address for your sensor when you are at a different location? Could my problem be a firewall issue?
Regards
Barry
--- On Sun, 4/26/09, Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............> wrote:
From: Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............>
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Sunday, April 26, 2009, 7:16 PM
There are many ways to post on Internet. I occasionally post to Face book for my
sons and certain selected outsiders to see a particular earthquake. I use
Infraview to capture the screen, crop it a little and save it. I simple attach
it to an email or post it directly into Face book. I have used Snag it. It
works. You can then upload to a web site. That doesn't appeal to me because
of the inherent delay that exists.... maybe to you. Most internet providers
provide some space for you to have a website with reasonable memory. There are
many programs that will help you to create a site; most are free ... or, it
could be done with Microsoft Publisher if you have it. WinQuake allows almost
automatic posting to the PSN network. I settled on a program called VNC (also
free) because it allows me to access my computer that is running WinSDR and
recording the data when I am away from the home location. It is a what you see
is what you get program. You can put security (firewalls) up if you feel
threaten by external accessing of your home repeater. I can do anything away
from home that I would do at home as long as I have a good WiFi access. And
speed isn't that big an issue. My laptop is only about 1 ghz speed. The home
router runs at 24 mhz and the broad band connection runs over 10 ghz. Most of
the time, the Wifi receiving unit is the problem; weak signal, , angle of sun
or bad weather, too many on it at one time, things like that. I have
occasionally "stolen" access at some motels ... by just pulling into
their parking lot.
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;">Thomas<br>I use Tight VNC at home between my computer in the house and the sensor computer in the garage(same network). I tried to use the same server address from the garage from my work computer and could not connect. How did you determine the server address for your sensor when you are at a different location? Could my problem be a firewall issue?<br>Regards<br>Barry<br><br><br>--- On <b>Sun, 4/26/09, Thomas Dick <i><dickthomas01@.............></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;">From: Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............><br>Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online<br>To: psn-l@..............<br>Date: Sunday, April 26, 2009, 7:16 PM<br><br><pre>There are many ways to post on Internet. I occasionally post to Face book for my<br>sons and certain selected outsiders
to see a particular earthquake. I use<br>Infraview to capture the screen, crop it a little and save it. I simple attach<br>it to an email or post it directly into Face book. I have used Snag it. It<br>works. You can then upload to a web site. That doesn't appeal to me because<br>of the inherent delay that exists.... maybe to you. Most internet providers<br>provide some space for you to have a website with reasonable memory. There are<br>many programs that will help you to create a site; most are free ... or, it<br>could be done with Microsoft Publisher if you have it. WinQuake allows almost<br>automatic posting to the PSN network. I settled on a program called VNC (also<br>free) because it allows me to access my computer that is running WinSDR and<br>recording the data when I am away from the home location. It is a what you see<br>is what you get program. You can put security (firewalls) up if you feel<br>threaten by external accessing of your home
repeater. I can do anything away<br>from home that I would do at home as long as I have a good WiFi access. And<br>speed isn't that big an issue. My laptop is only about 1 ghz speed. The home<br>router runs at 24 mhz and the broad band connection runs over 10 ghz. Most of<br>the time, the Wifi receiving unit is the problem; weak signal, , angle of sun<br>or bad weather, too many on it at one time, things like that. I have<br>occasionally "stolen" access at some motels ... by just pulling into<br>their parking lot.<br><br></pre></blockquote></td></tr></table>
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: Barry Lotz barry_lotz@.............
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2009 19:38:25 -0700 (PDT)
Kareem
Someone told me years ago to add a little glycerin to the ink to increase the ink drying time and prevent clogging. I haven't tried it.
Regards
Barry
--- On Sun, 4/26/09, Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............> wrote:
From: Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............>
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Sunday, April 26, 2009, 7:58 AM
Thanks for your replies..
I would love to get the cleaning fluid and wire. Where would one find such
materials? What's "OD?"
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of ChrisAtUpw@.......
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 11:03 AM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
In a message dated 25/04/2009, system98765@............. writes:
IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I need a new pen for it. I can't
seem to get a new pen from any viable sources. The manufacturer wants to
charge an enormous amount of money. I wasn't sure if anyone knew how to
make
one or point me in that direction. It just looks like a metal tube (very,
very small) that has a bend in it so that makes contact with the paper.
Hi Kareem,
What is the matter with your existing pen? You can buy a special
cleaning fluid for capillary pens. You can also buy fine wire for cleaning
out small tubes. I usually use fine piano wire or hard Nichrome wire, ground
to a diagonal knife end. If you have a problem in getting cleaning fluid,
look for paint stripper fluid containing Methylene Chloride.
I can buy very small bore SS tube quite easily. What is the OD of your
existing tube?
Regards,
Chris Chapman
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;">Kareem<br>Someone told me years ago to add a little glycerin to the ink to increase the ink drying time and prevent clogging. I haven't tried it.<br>Regards<br>Barry<br><br><br>--- On <b>Sun, 4/26/09, Kareem <span>Lanier</span> <i><system98765@.............></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;">From: Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............><br>Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2<br>To: psn-l@..............<br>Date: Sunday, April 26, 2009, 7:58 AM<br><br><pre>Thanks for your replies..<br><br>I would love to get the cleaning fluid and wire. Where would one find such<br>materials? What's "OD?"<br> <br><br>-----Original Message-----<br>From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On<br>Behalf Of ChrisAtUpw@.......<br>Sent: Saturday, April
25, 2009 11:03 AM<br>To: psn-l@..............<br>Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2<br><br>In a message dated 25/04/2009, system98765@............. writes:<br><br> IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I need a new pen for it. I can't<br>seem to get a new pen from any viable sources. The manufacturer wants to<br>charge an enormous amount of money. I wasn't sure if anyone knew how to<br>make<br>one or point me in that direction. It just looks like a metal tube (very,<br>very small) that has a bend in it so that makes contact with the paper.<br> <br><br>Hi Kareem,<br> <br> What is the matter with your existing pen? You can buy a special<br>cleaning fluid for capillary pens. You can also buy fine wire for cleaning<br>out small tubes. I usually use fine piano wire or hard Nichrome wire, ground<br>to a diagonal knife end. If you have a problem in getting cleaning fluid,<br>look for paint stripper fluid containing Methylene Chloride.<br> I can buy
very small bore SS tube quite easily. What is the OD of your<br>existing tube? <br> <br> Regards,<br> <br> Chris Chapman<br><br>__________________________________________________________<br><br>Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)<br><br>To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@SEISMICNET.COM with <br>the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe<br>See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.<br></pre></blockquote></td></tr></table>
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: Pete Rowe ptrowe@.........
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2009 21:16:19 -0700 (PDT)
Kareem
I have had good luck just soaking the pens for a few days in alcohol. Then run a fine wire through it. As I recall, I used a Violin "E" string for some old Esterline Angus pens. These are really steel wire and not string.You can get one at any music store. I don't know what the inside diameter of your pen is but an e string will be between 0.5 and 0.6 millimeters in diameter.
I hope this helps,
Pete
--- On Sat, 4/25/09, Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............> wrote:
From: Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............>
Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Saturday, April 25, 2009, 10:04 AM
I forgot to include the link to my system:
http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo
graph.jpg
-----Original Message-----
From: Kareem Lanier [mailto:system98765@..............
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM
To: 'psn-l@...............
Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
I have a question regarding this system. IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and
I
need a new pen for it. I can't seem to get a new pen from any viable
sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an enormous amount of money. I
wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or point me in that direction.
It
just looks like a metal tube (very, very small) that has a bend in it so
that makes contact with the paper.
Kareem
------------------
Kareem J. Lanier
El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32) East Bay Area Region
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;">Kareem<br>I have had good luck just soaking the pens for a few days in alcohol. Then run a fine wire through it. As I recall, I used a Violin "E" string for some old Esterline Angus pens. These are really steel wire and not string.You can get one at any music store. I don't know what the inside diameter of your pen is but an e string will be between 0.5 and 0.6 millimeters in diameter.<br>I hope this helps,<br>Pete<br><br>--- On <b>Sat, 4/25/09, Kareem Lanier <i><system98765@.............></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;">From: Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............><br>Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2<br>To: psn-l@..............<br>Date: Saturday, April 25, 2009, 10:04 AM<br><br><pre> I forgot to include the link to my
system:<br>http://peculiarvelocity.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/800px-kinemetrics_seismo<br>graph.jpg<br><br><br>-----Original Message-----<br>From: Kareem Lanier [mailto:system98765@.............. <br>Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2009 10:04 AM<br>To: 'psn-l@...............<br>Subject: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2<br><br>I have a question regarding this system. IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and<br>I<br>need a new pen for it. I can't seem to get a new pen from any viable<br>sources. The manufacturer wants to charge an enormous amount of money. I<br>wasn't sure if anyone knew how to make one or point me in that direction.<br>It<br>just looks like a metal tube (very, very small) that has a bend in it so<br>that makes contact with the paper.<br><br>Kareem <br><br><br><br><br><br>------------------<br>Kareem J. Lanier<br>El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32) East Bay Area Region<br><br>__________________________________________________________<br><br>Public
Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)<br><br>To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with <br>the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe<br>See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.<br></pre></blockquote></td></tr></table><br>
Subject: Re: How to post helicorder online
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2009 10:13:05 -0500
Barry Lotz wrote:
> Thomas
> I use Tight VNC at home between my computer in the house and the
> sensor computer in the garage(same network). I tried to use the same
> server address from the garage from my work computer and could not
> connect. How did you determine the server address for your sensor when
> you are at a different location? Could my problem be a firewall issue?
> Regards
> Barry
>
I sent your question to Kevin my son who has the expertise in this area.
He went to Purdue. The rest of my sons didn't. Here is his reply:
Firewalling is an issue. Our network uses UltraVNC through an OpenVPN
connection, where a client program for accessing
http://freedns.afraid.org/ (an open DNS registration). The client
program is called "FreeDNS update". This DNS approach has become
unreliable in recent months, as Internet service providers become more
aggressive in restricting the residential customers setting up rogue
websites without paying for a business account.
The good news is that the dynamic IP address of your home connection
doesn't change very often at all. I had the same dynamic IP address on
the Internet for about a year. I am implementing other DNS solutions to
find our way back to the "home network" that will involve interacting
with another friendly network, that I also run. It isn't an easy
solution, but it will work for us.
If this is too technical, I can send him more questions or connect you
with him off of PSN. He works cheap. All I have to do is babysit. And
that's not bad. By the way, I don't use wiFi from the earthquake
computer to my main home computers. I put in cable. That was before Wifi
was ever an option!
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Counts
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 09:02:00 -0600
Hi Folks, I have two vertical sensors in test, both using Larry's one =
channel board and DATAQ adc. One of the boards is set for low gain and =
one is set for high gain, using the jumper.
The first earthquake records was the 5.6m in Mexico April 27th. Not =
unexpected the counts on the one using high gain was 10x the one using =
low gain. Something like 70 vs 700.
Both traces looked fine and I could see little different, aside for the =
counts. My question is what should my count target be? Someone may =
have indicated about 100 to 300 counts during the quiet of night?
The reason I ask is I see data files posted with many using higher =
counts 700 or 800, instead of smaller numbers. I know the higher gain =
feature on the board is for lower voltage output. My coil and magnets =
are similar to Chris's quad magnet arrangement, and a coil of 4000 =
turns, so I have plenty of voltage.
I would like your opinions and why.
Thanks, Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Folks, I have two vertical =
sensors in=20
test, both using Larry's one channel board and DATAQ adc. =
One of the=20
boards is set for low gain and one is set for high gain, using the=20
jumper.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>The first earthquake records was the =
5.6m in Mexico=20
April 27th. Not unexpected the counts on the one using high =
gain was=20
10x the one using low gain. Something like 70 vs =
700.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Both traces looked fine and I could see =
little=20
different, aside for the counts. My question is what should =
my count=20
target be? Someone may have indicated about 100 to =
300 counts=20
during the quiet of night?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>The reason I ask is I see data files =
posted with=20
many using higher counts 700 or 800, instead of smaller=20
numbers. I know the higher gain feature on the board =
is for=20
lower voltage output. My coil and magnets are similar to =
Chris's=20
quad magnet arrangement, and a coil of 4000 turns, so I have plenty of=20
voltage.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>I would like your opinions and =
why.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Counts
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 13:02:29 -0400
Hi Ted,
I use the 12-bit Dataq DI-154 for data acquisition. I aim for about
100 microns per second for full scale output. To find out what is the
corresponding gain value to use to obtain this requires calibration of
your sensors. Please see my web page
http://bobmcclure90.googlepages.com/calibration for my calibration
procedures.
Also, for short-period amateur vertical sensors, inverse filtering
is very advantageous for obtaining longer period response. See my web
pages for discussion of inverse filtering and download of the
WQFilter utility program for inverse filtering of WinQuake files.
Bob
On 4/29/09, tchannel <tchannel@............> wrote:
> Hi Folks, I have two vertical sensors in test, both using Larry's one
> channel board and DATAQ adc. One of the boards is set for low gain and one
> is set for high gain, using the jumper.
>
> The first earthquake records was the 5.6m in Mexico April 27th. Not
> unexpected the counts on the one using high gain was 10x the one using low
> gain. Something like 70 vs 700.
>
> Both traces looked fine and I could see little different, aside for the
> counts. My question is what should my count target be? Someone may have
> indicated about 100 to 300 counts during the quiet of night?
>
> The reason I ask is I see data files posted with many using higher counts
> 700 or 800, instead of smaller numbers. I know the higher gain feature on
> the board is for lower voltage output. My coil and magnets are similar to
> Chris's quad magnet arrangement, and a coil of 4000 turns, so I have plenty
> of voltage.
>
> I would like your opinions and why.
>
>
> Thanks, Ted
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Counts
From: Barry Lotz barry_lotz@.............
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 19:20:21 -0700 (PDT)
Ted
2 cents:
The late Sean Thomas Morrissey emailed PSN on Nov 13, 1999 with expected se=
ismograph output. He related amplitude,magnitude and distance.Using his dat=
a I plotted distance on the x axis, my vertical sensor count on the y axis =
and had lines for 0.5 magnitude incriments from 3 to 8. It was plotted on a=
log-log scale.My particular sensor was theoretically 2000v/m/s @ 5 vts=3D3=
2768 cnt. I then plotted individual points for each actual event I recorded=
.. It correlated pretty well. The four corners of my graph were: Clip @ M4.5=
@100km, and M8 @ 14000km. My winter microseism amplitude was about 300 coun=
t. This related to M2.5 @ 100km and M6 @ 14000km. I like the idea of record=
ing at two or more gains simultaneously and after reviewing the data, savin=
g the best.=20
Barry
--- On Wed, 4/29/09, tchannel <tchannel@............> wrote:
From: tchannel <tchannel@............>
Subject: Counts
To: "psn" <psn-l@..............>
Date: Wednesday, April 29, 2009, 8:02 AM
=20
=20
Hi Folks,=A0 I have two vertical sensors in=20
test, both using Larry's one channel board and DATAQ adc.=A0=A0 One of the=
=20
boards is set for low gain and one is set for high gain, using the=20
jumper.
=A0
The first earthquake records was the 5.6m in Mexico=20
April 27th.=A0=A0 Not unexpected the counts on the one using high gain was=
=20
10x the one using low gain.=A0=A0 Something like 70 vs 700.
=A0
Both traces looked fine and I could see little=20
different, aside for the counts.=A0=A0 My question is what should my count=
=20
target be?=A0=A0 Someone may have indicated about 100 to 300=A0counts=20
during the quiet of night?
=A0
The reason I ask is I see data files posted with=20
many using higher counts 700 or 800, instead of smaller=20
numbers.=A0=A0=A0 I know the higher gain feature on the board is for=20
lower voltage output.=A0=A0 My coil and magnets are similar to Chris's=20
quad magnet arrangement, and a coil of 4000 turns, so I have plenty of=20
voltage.
=A0
I would like your opinions and why.
=A0
=A0
Thanks, Ted
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;">Ted<br>2 cents:<br>The late Sean Thomas Morri=
ssey emailed PSN on Nov 13, 1999 with expected seismograph output. He relat=
ed amplitude,magnitude and distance.Using his data I plotted distance on th=
e x axis, my vertical sensor count on the y axis and had lines for 0.5 magn=
itude incriments from 3 to 8. It was plotted on a log-log scale.My particul=
ar sensor was theoretically 2000v/m/s @ 5 vts=3D32768 cnt. I then plotted i=
ndividual points for each actual event I recorded. It correlated pretty wel=
l. The four corners of my graph were: Clip @ M4.5@100km, and M8 @ 14000km. =
My winter microseism amplitude was about 300 count. This related to M2.5 @ =
100km and M6 @ 14000km. I like the idea of recording at two or more gains s=
imultaneously and after reviewing the data, saving the best. <br><br>Barry<=
br>--- On <b>Wed, 4/29/09, tchannel <i><tchannel@............></i></b=
>
wrote:<br><blockquote style=3D"border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); ma=
rgin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;">From: tchannel <tchannel@............
t><br>Subject: Counts<br>To: "psn" <psn-l@..............><br>Date:=
Wednesday, April 29, 2009, 8:02 AM<br><br><div id=3D"yiv79300638">
=20
=20
<style></style>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">Hi Folks, I have two vertical se=
nsors in=20
test, both using Larry's one channel board and DATAQ adc. One o=
f the=20
boards is set for low gain and one is set for high gain, using the=20
jumper.</font></div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">The first earthquake records was the 5=
..6m in Mexico=20
April 27th. Not unexpected the counts on the one using high gai=
n was=20
10x the one using low gain. Something like 70 vs 700.</font></d=
iv>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">Both traces looked fine and I could se=
e little=20
different, aside for the counts. My question is what should my =
count=20
target be? Someone may have indicated about 100 to 300 cou=
nts=20
during the quiet of night?</font></div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">The reason I ask is I see data files p=
osted with=20
many using higher counts 700 or 800, instead of smaller=20
numbers. I know the higher gain feature on the board is f=
or=20
lower voltage output. My coil and magnets are similar to Chris'=
s=20
quad magnet arrangement, and a coil of 4000 turns, so I have plenty of=20
voltage.</font></div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">I would like your opinions and why.</f=
ont></div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div>
<div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">Thanks, Ted</font></div></div></blockq=
uote></td></tr></table>
Subject: Re: Counts
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 19:36:36 -0700
Im not sure what you guys are talking about
BUT I thought all you need to do is
to increase the gain until you see
about +/- 2 counts of background noise.
Then you shall see about anything that sticks
its head above the grass.
----- Original Message -----
From: "Robert McClure" <bobmcclure90@.........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Wednesday, April 29, 2009 10:02 AM
Subject: Re: Counts
> Hi Ted,
>
> I use the 12-bit Dataq DI-154 for data acquisition. I aim for about
> 100 microns per second for full scale output. To find out what is the
> corresponding gain value to use to obtain this requires calibration of
> your sensors. Please see my web page
> http://bobmcclure90.googlepages.com/calibration for my calibration
> procedures.
>
> Also, for short-period amateur vertical sensors, inverse filtering
> is very advantageous for obtaining longer period response. See my web
> pages for discussion of inverse filtering and download of the
> WQFilter utility program for inverse filtering of WinQuake files.
>
> Bob
>
> On 4/29/09, tchannel <tchannel@............> wrote:
>> Hi Folks, I have two vertical sensors in test, both using Larry's one
>> channel board and DATAQ adc. One of the boards is set for low gain and one
>> is set for high gain, using the jumper.
>>
>> The first earthquake records was the 5.6m in Mexico April 27th. Not
>> unexpected the counts on the one using high gain was 10x the one using low
>> gain. Something like 70 vs 700.
>>
>> Both traces looked fine and I could see little different, aside for the
>> counts. My question is what should my count target be? Someone may have
>> indicated about 100 to 300 counts during the quiet of night?
>>
>> The reason I ask is I see data files posted with many using higher counts
>> 700 or 800, instead of smaller numbers. I know the higher gain feature on
>> the board is for lower voltage output. My coil and magnets are similar to
>> Chris's quad magnet arrangement, and a coil of 4000 turns, so I have plenty
>> of voltage.
>>
>> I would like your opinions and why.
>>
>>
>> Thanks, Ted
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Uploaded files
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2009 09:19:17 -0500
I'd like to open a new topic and maybe get some feedback as to what my
files should contain for users of the PSN network. I know what I like to
see in the presentation of my files but...
1. just how much data show be sent; I usually crop down to about two
minutes before the arrival of P and then include at least some of the LR
waves. Is this enough? I see some files are much longer than that...is
there a reason.
2. some deep quakes don't show any LQ or LR .... what good is it to show
this time frame?
3. should data containing erroneous spikes be uploading if the rest of
the file is good .. I haven't been
4. my location is noisy; is there any value to the users of PSN if
files are filtered, like 2 pole, .5 low pass and .05 high pass for a 5.6
mag quake 1600 miles away
5. do programs that in hence wave forms created by certain weaknesses in
equipment (like short period verticals data being extended) serve a
positive aid to users of this network
6. does the PSN group have any "Elmer's" that would have time to
critique uploaded files and answer some questions
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: New Lehman seismometer
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2009 19:59:23 +0000
Hi all
I got a new lehman seismomter build from the old one, that was not
working. The new one is bit more complex and more adjustable. Now I just
have to figure out how to get the seconds down to 10 to 20 seconds.
Here are pictures.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300001.jpg.html
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300002.jpg.html
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Counts
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2009 14:01:16 -0700
Ted,
Tell us about your new vertical design seismo. What is the resonant period,
any pictures?
Gary
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of tchannel
Sent: Wednesday, April 29, 2009 8:02 AM
To: psn
Subject: Counts
Hi Folks, I have two vertical sensors in test, both using Larry's one
channel board and DATAQ adc. One of the boards is set for low gain and one
is set for high gain, using the jumper.
The first earthquake records was the 5.6m in Mexico April 27th. Not
unexpected the counts on the one using high gain was 10x the one using low
gain. Something like 70 vs 700.
Both traces looked fine and I could see little different, aside for the
counts. My question is what should my count target be? Someone may have
indicated about 100 to 300 counts during the quiet of night?
The reason I ask is I see data files posted with many using higher counts
700 or 800, instead of smaller numbers. I know the higher gain feature on
the board is for lower voltage output. My coil and magnets are similar to
Chris's quad magnet arrangement, and a coil of 4000 turns, so I have plenty
of voltage.
I would like your opinions and why.
Thanks, Ted
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<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Ted,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Tell us about your new vertical design seismo. What is =
the resonant
period, any pictures?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Gary<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt =
0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span>=
</b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> =
psn-l-request@..............
[mailto:psn-l-request@............... <b>On Behalf Of </b>tchannel<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, April 29, 2009 8:02 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> psn<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Counts<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Hi
Folks, I have two vertical sensors in test, both using Larry's one
channel board and DATAQ adc. One of the boards is set for =
low gain
and one is set for high gain, using the jumper.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The
first earthquake records was the 5.6m in Mexico April 27th. =
Not
unexpected the counts on the one using high gain was 10x the one using =
low
gain. Something like 70 vs 700.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Both
traces looked fine and I could see little different, aside for the
counts. My question is what should my count target =
be?
Someone may have indicated about 100 to 300 counts during the quiet =
of
night?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The
reason I ask is I see data files posted with many using higher counts =
700 or
800, instead of smaller numbers. I know the higher =
gain
feature on the board is for lower voltage output. My coil =
and
magnets are similar to Chris's quad magnet arrangement, and a coil of =
4000
turns, so I have plenty of voltage.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>I
would like your opinions and why.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Thanks,
Ted</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Subject: Re:Counts
From: rsparks rsparks@..........
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2009 16:07:57 -0700
Hi Geoffrey,
You raise an interesting question--What is the "grass"? =20
For some folks, it is the microseims apparently generated by ocean waves =
and maybe atmospherics. For others, it is local man made noise. For sti=
ll others, it may be the electronics of the amplifier, or noise from hing=
es or other seismometer parts.
If your hinges and electronics are reasonably quiet, you should be able t=
o see much smaller vibrations "riding" on the traces from the microseims.=
I like counts of 60 to 100 for the microseims so that I can see small l=
ocal quakes that are of higher frequency than the micoseims but much smal=
ler magnitude. Counts like this also pick up local noise but a quake loo=
ks a lot different from a car going by.
BTW, I am using the Saum system that uses a 16 bit A/D and has a peak co=
unt of +/- 32768.
Roger
Geoffrey wrote:
Subject: Re: Counts
From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 19:36:36 -0700
Im not sure what you guys are talking about
BUT I thought all you need to do is
to increase the gain until you see
about =B1 2 counts of background noise.
Then you shall see about anything that sticks
its head above the grass.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Re:Counts
From: "Edward Ianni" edwianni1@...........
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2009 20:29:35 -0400
Thank you Rodger, but what does a count of 60 or a count of 100 mean =
specifically,........ a frequency or amplitude measurment or something =
else? Thanks again, Ed.
.
----- Original Message -----=20
From: "rsparks" <rsparks@..........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Thursday, April 30, 2009 7:07 PM
Subject: Re:Counts
Hi Geoffrey,
You raise an interesting question--What is the "grass"? =20
For some folks, it is the microseims apparently generated by ocean waves =
and maybe atmospherics. For others, it is local man made noise. For =
still others, it may be the electronics of the amplifier, or noise from =
hinges or other seismometer parts.
If your hinges and electronics are reasonably quiet, you should be able =
to see much smaller vibrations "riding" on the traces from the =
microseims. I like counts of 60 to 100 for the microseims so that I can =
see small local quakes that are of higher frequency than the micoseims =
but much smaller magnitude. Counts like this also pick up local noise =
but a quake looks a lot different from a car going by.
BTW, I am using the Saum system that uses a 16 bit A/D and has a peak =
count of +/- 32768.
Roger
Geoffrey wrote:
Subject: Re: Counts
From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 19:36:36 -0700
Im not sure what you guys are talking about
BUT I thought all you need to do is
to increase the gain until you see
about =B1 2 counts of background noise.
Then you shall see about anything that sticks
its head above the grass.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-------
No virus found in this incoming message.
Checked by AVG - www.avg.com=20
Version: 8.5.285 / Virus Database: 270.12.11/2089 - Release Date: =
04/30/09 17:53:00
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<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#ff0000 size=3D2><STRONG>Thank you =
Rodger, but what=20
does a count of 60 or a count of 100 mean specifically,........ a =
frequency or=20
amplitude measurment or something else? Thanks again,=20
Ed.</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>----- Original Message ----- </FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>From: "rsparks" <</FONT><A=20
href=3D"mailto:rsparks@.........."><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>rsparks@..........</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>To: <</FONT><A=20
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@.............."><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>psn-l@..............</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Sent: Thursday, April 30, 2009 7:07 =
PM</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Subject: Re:Counts</FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial><BR><FONT size=3D2></FONT></FONT></DIV><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>Hi Geoffrey,<BR><BR>You raise an interesting question--What is =
the=20
"grass"? <BR><BR>For some folks, it is the microseims apparently =
generated=20
by ocean waves and maybe atmospherics. For others, it is local man =
made=20
noise. For still others, it may be the electronics of the =
amplifier, or=20
noise from hinges or other seismometer parts.<BR><BR>If your =
hinges and=20
electronics are reasonably quiet, you should be able to see much smaller =
vibrations "riding" on the traces from the microseims. I like =
counts of 60=20
to 100 for the microseims so that I can see small local quakes that are =
of=20
higher frequency than the micoseims but much smaller magnitude. =
Counts=20
like this also pick up local noise but a quake looks a lot different =
from a car=20
going by.<BR><BR>BTW, I am using the Saum system that uses a 16 =
bit A/D=20
and has a peak count of +/- 32768.<BR><BR>Roger<BR><BR>Geoffrey=20
wrote:<BR>Subject: Re: Counts<BR>From: "Geoffrey"=20
<</FONT><A href=3D"mailto:gmvoeth@..........."><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>gmvoeth@...........</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>><BR>Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 19:36:36 =
-0700<BR><BR>Im=20
not sure what you guys are talking about<BR>BUT I thought all you need =
to do=20
is<BR>to increase the gain until you see<BR>about =B1 2 counts of =
background=20
noise.<BR>Then you shall see about anything that sticks<BR>its head =
above the=20
grass.<BR><BR><BR>_______________________________________________________=
___<BR><BR>Public=20
Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)<BR><BR>To leave this list email =
</FONT><A=20
href=3D"mailto:PSN-L-REQUEST@.............."><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>PSN-L-REQUEST@..............</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2> with=20
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Subject: Re: Re:Counts
From: "Edward Ianni" edwianni1@...........
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2009 20:37:25 -0400
Oops, sorry about that email gang, I was trying to reach Rodger.
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
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<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Oops, sorry about that email gang, I =
was trying to=20
reach Rodger.</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"><FONT=20
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Subject: Re: Counts
From: Mark Robinson mark.robinson@...............
Date: Fri, 01 May 2009 12:46:06 +1200
Edward Ianni wrote:
> *Thank you Rodger, but what does a count of 60 or a count of 100 mean
> specifically,........ a frequency or amplitude measurment or something
> else? Thanks again, Ed.*
"counts" means the raw numbers output by the analogue to digital converter.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: New Lehman seismometer pivots
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2009 19:46:15 -0700
Jon,
Very nice.
Can you describe the upper and lower pivots?
Is there advantage to having the coil on the boom rather than the magnet?
Rob
Jón Frímann wrote:
> Hi all
>
> I got a new lehman seismomter build from the old one, that was not
> working. The new one is bit more complex and more adjustable. Now I just
> have to figure out how to get the seconds down to 10 to 20 seconds.
>
> Here are pictures.
>
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300001.jpg.html
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300002.jpg.html
>
> Regards.
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22/2009 5:25 PM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: New Lehman seismometer pivots
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Fri, 01 May 2009 13:58:47 +0000
Hi
Here are pictures of the top and lower pivots. The top is a hindge that
allows free movement of the arm.
It was recomenned to me that I should put the magnet on the base, not
the arm. But I am not sure about the diffrance, I don't think it is
none. But it works anyway.
I am still unable to get the sensor frequancy below 0.4Hz. But this
design is a lot more flexable then the last one I used.
After the weekend I am going to do one more change. I plan to change the
setting of the arm. So it has not such sharp angle, but I belive that is
hampering my effort in getting the frequancy below 0.4Hz, as sharp angle
means faster movement of the arm.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5010001.jpg.html
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5010002.jpg.html
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5010003.jpg.html
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On fim, 2009-04-30 at 19:46 -0700, Robert O. Green wrote:
> Jon,
>=20
> Very nice.
>=20
> Can you describe the upper and lower pivots?
>=20
> Is there advantage to having the coil on the boom rather than the magnet?
>=20
> Rob
>=20
> J=F3n Fr=EDmann wrote:
> > Hi all
> >
> > I got a new lehman seismomter build from the old one, that was not
> > working. The new one is bit more complex and more adjustable. Now I jus=
t
> > have to figure out how to get the seconds down to 10 to 20 seconds.
> >
> > Here are pictures.
> >
> > http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300001.jpg.html
> > http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300002.jpg.html
> >
> > Regards.
> > =20
> > -----------------------------------------------------------------------=
-
> >
> >
> > Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> > Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> > Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22/2=
009 5:25 PM
> >
> > =20
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: New Lehman seismometer
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Fri, 1 May 2009 18:41:16 -0400
Hi Jon,
I looked at your photos, and I think more work is needed.
Be sure that none of the materials used in the boom and its parts
are magnetic.
DO SOMETHING ABOUT THE WIRE LEAD TO THE COIL!!! You cannot just
leave it hanging loose from the boom. Cut it near the lower pivot,
secure it to the boom, and join it with coils of fine copper wire to
terminals on the frame. The terminals should be located as near to the
lower pivot as possible.
TURN THE DAMPING VANE NINETY DEGREES. Then you can adjust the
damping by adjusting how far the vane protrudes into the magnet. As it
is arranged now, you can only adjust the damping by changing the field
gap of the magnet.
Think about cross-bracing the uprights supporting the upper pivot in
order to reduce side sway, which could cause instability. An "A"
shaped upright frame would be the best for lateral stiffness.
Be sure to mount the device on a base in solid contact with the
ground. Avoid any compliant material between the feet and ground. Long
period horizontal sensors are very tilt sensitive, so expect trace
excursions if you walk anywhere near it. Locate it inside and as far
away from human activity if you can.
I do not like to see the coil and damping vane dangling down so far
below the pendulum.
I cannot comment on your pivots, because there is not enough detail
shown. My personal belief is that the materials should be very hard,
polished, and preferably of dissimilar composition -- for example,
hardened steel mated with sapphire. Hard material resists flat spots,
and the use of different materials resists stiction from molecular
attraction at the interface.
If you use balls and flat plates for pivots, the balls should be
attached to the frame, not the pendulum. This is to avoid shifting of
the hinge line if the point of contact of the ball with the plate
should slip.
Similarly, if you use crossed rods for pivots, the axes of the rods
mounted on the frame should lie in a vertical plane.
Bob
PSN Station REM
http://bobmclure90.googlepages/home
~~~~~~~Original Message~~~~~~~~
Subject: New Lehman seismometer
From: jonfr@......
Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2009 19:59:23 +0000
Hi all
I got a new lehman seismometer built from the old one, that was not
working. The new one is bit more complex and more adjustable. Now I just
have to figure out how to get the seconds down to 10 to 20 seconds.
Here are pictures.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300001.jpg.html
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300002.jpg.html
Regards.
Jon Frimann
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: New Lehman seismometer pivots
From: Dave Nelson dave.nelson@...............
Date: Sat, 02 May 2009 16:02:47 +1000
<html>
Jon,<br>
As I told you
several weeks ago and Bob McClure said within the last <br>
couple of days .....<br>
<b>"DO SOMETHING ABOUT THE WIRE LEAD TO THE COIL!!! </b>You cannot
just <br>
leave it hanging loose from the boom. Cut it near the lower pivot, <br>
secure it to the boom, and join it with coils of fine copper wire to
<br>
terminals on the frame. The terminals should be located as near to the
<br>
lower pivot as possible."<br><br>
Jon.... You <b>MUST</b> do this you, will <b>NEVER</b> achieve long
period, free motion of the <br>
arm until you get this sorted out. It is absolutely essential to
get rid of that huge <br>
thick cable coming off the pivot end of the boom, it will be totally
destroying any <br>
attempt you make to try to get any decent sort of period from the
seismometer.<br>
Until you change that, almost anything else you do to the unit will be
worthless.<br>
see how it is done on this commercial long period seismo that I and
others are/have used .....
<a href=3D"http://www.sydneystormcity.com/990605-013a.jpg"=
eudora=3D"autourl">www.sydneystormcity.com/990605-013a.jpg</a><br><br>
you can see that in this case there are 2 pair of cables coming along the
boom <br>
( there are 2 pickup coils on this seismo) they are terminated then
VERY fine wire connects them to terminals on the vertical part of the
frame. Use 26 - 30 swg enamelled wire ( the finer the
better). and also use finer cable between the pickup coil and the
terminal point that that thick cable you are currently
using.<br><br>
cheers<br>
Dave Nelson<br>
Sydney<br>
Australia<br><br>
<br><br>
At 01:58 PM 5/1/2009 +0000, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=3Dcite class=3Dcite cite>Hi<br>
I am still unable to get the sensor frequancy below 0.4Hz. But this<br>
design is a lot more flexable then the last one I used.<br><br>
After the weekend I am going to do one more change. I plan to change
the<br>
setting of the arm. So it has not such sharp angle, but I belive that
is<br>
hampering my effort in getting the frequancy below 0.4Hz, as sharp
angle<br>
means faster movement of the arm.<br>
<br>
Regards.<br>
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.</blockquote></html>
Subject: Re: New Lehman seismometer pivots
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sat, 02 May 2009 10:40:51 +0000
Hi
The wire is not the issue. As it currently is it not loose. But I did
place it nicely in regards to the boom and it's movement. The boom it
self is free to move without issue.
I am going to fix a lot of minor issues after the weekend, then I am
going to post more pictures. I have posted new pictures here, they are
hopefully more detailed then before.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5020001.jpg.html
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On lau, 2009-05-02 at 16:02 +1000, Dave Nelson wrote:
> Jon,
> As I told you several weeks ago and Bob McClure said within
> the last=20
> couple of days .....
> "DO SOMETHING ABOUT THE WIRE LEAD TO THE COIL!!! You cannot just=20
> leave it hanging loose from the boom. Cut it near the lower pivot,=20
> secure it to the boom, and join it with coils of fine copper wire to=20
> terminals on the frame. The terminals should be located as near to
> the=20
> lower pivot as possible."
>=20
> Jon.... You MUST do this you, will NEVER achieve long period, free
> motion of the=20
> arm until you get this sorted out. It is absolutely essential to get
> rid of that huge=20
> thick cable coming off the pivot end of the boom, it will be totally
> destroying any=20
> attempt you make to try to get any decent sort of period from the
> seismometer.
> Until you change that, almost anything else you do to the unit will be
> worthless.
> see how it is done on this commercial long period seismo that I and
> others are/have used ..... www.sydneystormcity.com/990605-013a.jpg
>=20
> you can see that in this case there are 2 pair of cables coming along
> the boom=20
> ( there are 2 pickup coils on this seismo) they are terminated then
> VERY fine wire connects them to terminals on the vertical part of the
> frame. Use 26 - 30 swg enamelled wire ( the finer the better). and
> also use finer cable between the pickup coil and the terminal point
> that that thick cable you are currently using.
>=20
> cheers
> Dave Nelson
> Sydney
> Australia
>=20
>=20
>=20
> At 01:58 PM 5/1/2009 +0000, you wrote:
> > Hi
> > I am still unable to get the sensor frequancy below 0.4Hz. But this
> > design is a lot more flexable then the last one I used.
> >=20
> > After the weekend I am going to do one more change. I plan to change
> > the
> > setting of the arm. So it has not such sharp angle, but I belive
> > that is
> > hampering my effort in getting the frequancy below 0.4Hz, as sharp
> > angle
> > means faster movement of the arm.
> >=20
> > Regards.
> > J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: New Lehman seismometer pivots
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Sat, 02 May 2009 06:17:07 -0700
Dave,
Is there are reason to have the coil on the boom? Wouldn't these issues
be eliminated if the coil was on the base plate and the magnet was on
the boom?
Rob
Dave Nelson wrote:
> Jon,
> As I told you several weeks ago and Bob McClure said within
> the last
> couple of days .....
> *"DO SOMETHING ABOUT THE WIRE LEAD TO THE COIL!!! *You cannot just
> leave it hanging loose from the boom. Cut it near the lower pivot,
> secure it to the boom, and join it with coils of fine copper wire to
> terminals on the frame. The terminals should be located as near to the
> lower pivot as possible."
>
> Jon.... You *MUST* do this you, will *NEVER* achieve long period, free
> motion of the
> arm until you get this sorted out. It is absolutely essential to get
> rid of that huge
> thick cable coming off the pivot end of the boom, it will be totally
> destroying any
> attempt you make to try to get any decent sort of period from the
> seismometer.
> Until you change that, almost anything else you do to the unit will be
> worthless.
> see how it is done on this commercial long period seismo that I and
> others are/have used ..... www.sydneystormcity.com/990605-013a.jpg
> <http://www.sydneystormcity.com/990605-013a.jpg>
>
> you can see that in this case there are 2 pair of cables coming along
> the boom
> ( there are 2 pickup coils on this seismo) they are terminated then
> VERY fine wire connects them to terminals on the vertical part of the
> frame. Use 26 - 30 swg enamelled wire ( the finer the better). and
> also use finer cable between the pickup coil and the terminal point
> that that thick cable you are currently using.
>
> cheers
> Dave Nelson
> Sydney
> Australia
>
>
>
> At 01:58 PM 5/1/2009 +0000, you wrote:
>> Hi
>> I am still unable to get the sensor frequancy below 0.4Hz. But this
>> design is a lot more flexable then the last one I used.
>>
>> After the weekend I am going to do one more change. I plan to change the
>> setting of the arm. So it has not such sharp angle, but I belive that is
>> hampering my effort in getting the frequancy below 0.4Hz, as sharp angle
>> means faster movement of the arm.
>>
>> Regards.
>> Jón Frímann.
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22/2009 5:25 PM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: English Channel swarm
From: JAMES RIDOUT jamesridout@..............
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 13:23:21 +0000 (GMT)
Does anyone know if theres usually this many tremors in the English Channel=
.. Or is something going to happen?.
=A0
=A0http://www.southamptonweather.co.uk/wxquake.php
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0 James
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;"><DIV>Does anyone know if theres usually this =
many tremors in the English Channel. Or is something going to happen?.</DIV=
>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> <A href=3D"http://www.southamptonweather.co.uk/wxquake.php">http=
://www.southamptonweather.co.uk/wxquake.php</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> James</DIV></td></tr></table>
Subject: Re: New Lehman seismometer pivots 2
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Sat, 02 May 2009 06:24:36 -0700
Hi Jon,
Thank you for these pictures they help.
Is the top pivot a set of crossed carbide steel shafts?
Is the bottom pivot a SS ball bearing on the boom against a SS bolt head?
I am about to begin my effort. It seems the pivots are everything.
Rob
Jón Frímann wrote:
> Hi
>
> Here are pictures of the top and lower pivots. The top is a hindge that
> allows free movement of the arm.
>
> It was recomenned to me that I should put the magnet on the base, not
> the arm. But I am not sure about the diffrance, I don't think it is
> none. But it works anyway.
>
> I am still unable to get the sensor frequancy below 0.4Hz. But this
> design is a lot more flexable then the last one I used.
>
> After the weekend I am going to do one more change. I plan to change the
> setting of the arm. So it has not such sharp angle, but I belive that is
> hampering my effort in getting the frequancy below 0.4Hz, as sharp angle
> means faster movement of the arm.
>
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5010001.jpg.html
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5010002.jpg.html
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5010003.jpg.html
>
> Regards.
> Jón Frímann.
>
>
>
> On fim, 2009-04-30 at 19:46 -0700, Robert O. Green wrote:
>
>> Jon,
>>
>> Very nice.
>>
>> Can you describe the upper and lower pivots?
>>
>> Is there advantage to having the coil on the boom rather than the magnet?
>>
>> Rob
>>
>> Jón Frímann wrote:
>>
>>> Hi all
>>>
>>> I got a new lehman seismomter build from the old one, that was not
>>> working. The new one is bit more complex and more adjustable. Now I just
>>> have to figure out how to get the seconds down to 10 to 20 seconds.
>>>
>>> Here are pictures.
>>>
>>> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300001.jpg.html
>>> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300002.jpg.html
>>>
>>> Regards.
>>>
>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>
>>>
>>> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
>>> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
>>> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22/2009 5:25 PM
>>>
>>>
>>>
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
>> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>
>> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
>> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
>> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22/2009 5:25 PM
>>
>>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 07:45:56 -0700
If you study the history of seismicity in Great Britan
you will see that it possible to have a big one
within that English Channel Area.
One such is believed to have happened
quite sometime ago that sent a tsunami on both sides
of the channel.
----- Original Message -----
From: "JAMES RIDOUT" <jamesridout@..............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 6:23 AM
Subject: English Channel swarm
Does anyone know if theres usually this many tremors in the English Channel. Or is something going to happen?.
http://www.southamptonweather.co.uk/wxquake.php
James
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: Tangazazen@.......
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 11:07:29 EDT
Hi James,
I don't know about a tsunami but I am situated close to the English
Channel at Ashford and I did note that the quake two years ago ( M 4.7 ) did
send ripples through my cup of tea!
Martin
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6001.18226" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>Hi James,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I don't know about a tsunami but I am situated close to=
the
English Channel at Ashford and I did note that the quake two years ag=
o ( M
4.7 ) did send ripples through my cup of tea!</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Martin </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 08:42:40 -0700
If you study the history you will see
a possibility of like a 7.0 happening
under the channel.
----- Original Message -----
From: <Tangazazen@.......>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 8:07 AM
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
> Hi James,
>
> I don't know about a tsunami but I am situated close to the English
> Channel at Ashford and I did note that the quake two years ago ( M 4.7 ) did
> send ripples through my cup of tea!
>
> Martin
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: "Marchal van Lare" vanlare@.............
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 17:55:13 +0200
Hi all,
I think those events are related to controlled mine detonations conducted by
marine vessels; take a look at the time of events; most of them are during
the daytime hours!
Regards,
Marchal van Lare
-Oostburg, The Netherlands
----- Original Message -----
From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 5:42 PM
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
> If you study the history you will see
> a possibility of like a 7.0 happening
> under the channel.
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: <Tangazazen@.......>
> To: <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 8:07 AM
> Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
>
>
>> Hi James,
>>
>> I don't know about a tsunami but I am situated close to the English
>> Channel at Ashford and I did note that the quake two years ago ( M 4.7 )
>> did send ripples through my cup of tea!
>>
>> Martin
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of the
> message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: Tangazazen@.......
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 12:01:31 EDT
As the present swarm appears to be on the French side of the channel I
won't worry about it.
I believe the seismic activity is the results of an old wound from the
closure of the Rheic sea that separated Avalonia from Gondwana some time ago.
I expect there have been many large earthquakes over the last few hundred
million years,
Martin
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6001.18226" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT id=3Drole_document face=3DAria=
l color=3D#000000
size=3D2>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>As the present swarm appears to be on the French side of th=
e
channel I won't worry about it.</DIV>
<DIV>I believe the seismic activity is the results of an old wound fr=
om the
closure of the Rheic sea that separated Avalonia from Gondwana some time=
ago. I expect there have been many large earthquakes over the last fe=
w
hundred million years,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Martin</DIV></FONT></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: Tangazazen@.......
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 12:10:46 EDT
Hi Marchal'
It's a nice idea but if the reports are to be believed, then that's a
pretty deep hole that's been dug!
Martin
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6001.18226" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>Hi Marchal'</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> It's a nice idea but if the reports are to be believed, then=
that's
a pretty deep hole that's been dug!</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Martin </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Uploaded files
From: rsparks rsparks@..........
Date: Sat, 02 May 2009 09:23:21 -0700
Hello Thomas,
I thought I would give some feedback to your question about uploaded
files. No doubt each of us
has a different goal when we look at traces generated by others, but my
questions are usually "Did they
capture a quake?" and "What did the wave look like there?".
The two questions may call for two different traces. Filtering
frequently helps display the quake better,
eliminating some background noise. On the other hand, filtering always
reconfigures the raw data so
that the original wave is no longer visible.
I will continue my comments as interjections into your text:
psn-l-digest-request@.............. wrote:
> .------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------.
> | Message 1 |
> '------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------'
> Subject: Uploaded files
> From: Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............>
> Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2009 09:19:17 -0500
>
> I'd like to open a new topic and maybe get some feedback as to what my
> files should contain for users of the PSN network. I know what I like to
> see in the presentation of my files but...
> 1. just how much data show be sent; I usually crop down to about two
> minutes before the arrival of P and then include at least some of the LR
> waves. Is this enough? I see some files are much longer than that...is
> there a reason.
>
A M9 quake will shake the world for hours. One M9 was recorded on my
instrument for over 4
hours. I guess how much file you include depends upon what you are
trying to show your viewers.
> 2. some deep quakes don't show any LQ or LR .... what good is it to show
> this time frame?
>
I make the assumption that no trace means no data recorded. Why use the
bandwidth?
> 3. should data containing erroneous spikes be uploading if the rest of
> the file is good .. I haven't been
>
Contaminated data SHOULD be discarded. The viewer should be able to
expect the data to be
free of extraneous events to the best knowledge and ability of the
posting station.
> 4. my location is noisy; is there any value to the users of PSN if
> files are filtered, like 2 pole, .5 low pass and .05 high pass for a 5.6
> mag quake 1600 miles away
>
I prefer no filter, just the raw data. Then I can filter the event if I
so choose. If the event is posted
with the "volume" format available in WinQuake, then both filtered and
unfiltered traces can be
posted/viewed on the same screen.
> 5. do programs that in hence wave forms created by certain weaknesses in
> equipment (like short period verticals data being extended) serve a
> positive aid to users of this network
>
I think the availability of such an enhancing program is very valuable
to demonstrate what a more
capable instrument might display. I prefer not using such a filter
every posting because filters hide
the raw data.
> 6. does the PSN group have any "Elmer's" that would have time to
> critique uploaded files and answer some questions
>
>
>
I guess we are all "Elmers" in the sense that all of us are learning as
we go along, and can share what
we have learned. Chris, Bob, and Larry are particularly skilled and
have generously shared in the past.
Thanks to them and many others who have contributed to this hobby.
Roger
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: New Lehman seismometer pivots 2
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sat, 02 May 2009 17:33:39 +0000
Hi
The material that I used in v2.0.0 sensor is mostly iron and steel.
Including the nesscary ball bearing and the boom. However, my sensors
does have issues. I hope to fix them after the weekend. When that change
is over, I am going add more pictures.
I plan to use this setup for the arm, as the setup needs to be forced
balance, as it currently use it holds the arm up by tugh hindge and that
does not work properly.
http://www.mckimzey.com/seismometer/lehman/boom_support.jpg
http://www.mckimzey.com/lehman.html
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On lau, 2009-05-02 at 06:24 -0700, Robert O. Green wrote:
> Hi Jon,
>=20
> Thank you for these pictures they help.
>=20
> Is the top pivot a set of crossed carbide steel shafts?
>=20
> Is the bottom pivot a SS ball bearing on the boom against a SS bolt head?
>=20
> I am about to begin my effort. It seems the pivots are everything.
>=20
> Rob
>=20
> J=F3n Fr=EDmann wrote:
> > Hi
> >
> > Here are pictures of the top and lower pivots. The top is a hindge that
> > allows free movement of the arm.
> >
> > It was recomenned to me that I should put the magnet on the base, not
> > the arm. But I am not sure about the diffrance, I don't think it is
> > none. But it works anyway.
> >
> > I am still unable to get the sensor frequancy below 0.4Hz. But this
> > design is a lot more flexable then the last one I used.
> >
> > After the weekend I am going to do one more change. I plan to change th=
e
> > setting of the arm. So it has not such sharp angle, but I belive that i=
s
> > hampering my effort in getting the frequancy below 0.4Hz, as sharp angl=
e
> > means faster movement of the arm.
> >
> > http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5010001.jpg.html
> > http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5010002.jpg.html
> > http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5010003.jpg.html
> >
> > Regards.
> > J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
> >
> >
> >
> > On fim, 2009-04-30 at 19:46 -0700, Robert O. Green wrote:
> > =20
> >> Jon,
> >>
> >> Very nice.
> >>
> >> Can you describe the upper and lower pivots?
> >>
> >> Is there advantage to having the coil on the boom rather than the magn=
et?
> >>
> >> Rob
> >>
> >> J=F3n Fr=EDmann wrote:
> >> =20
> >>> Hi all
> >>>
> >>> I got a new lehman seismomter build from the old one, that was not
> >>> working. The new one is bit more complex and more adjustable. Now I j=
ust
> >>> have to figure out how to get the seconds down to 10 to 20 seconds.
> >>>
> >>> Here are pictures.
> >>>
> >>> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300001.jpg.html
> >>> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p4300002.jpg.html
> >>>
> >>> Regards.
> >>>
> >>> ---------------------------------------------------------------------=
---
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> >>> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> >>> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22=
/2009 5:25 PM
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> =20
> >> __________________________________________________________
> >>
> >> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
> >>
> >> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> >> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> >> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
> >> =20
> >> ----------------------------------------------------------------------=
--
> >>
> >>
> >> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> >> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> >> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22/=
2009 5:25 PM
> >>
> >> =20
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sat, 02 May 2009 17:38:36 +0000
Hi
There are really old fault zones in that area. This are was once a
subduction zone and contients did crash there, building mountins.
I do belive that this high number of earthquakes is quite unusual for
UK. But I am far from sure.
UK is considered to be really quiet part of the earth crust. Most of the
time. It is too bad that I don't know more about UK earthquakes. As I
have enough with my those in Iceland.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On lau, 2009-05-02 at 13:23 +0000, JAMES RIDOUT wrote:
> Does anyone know if theres usually this many tremors in the English
> Channel. Or is something going to happen?.
> =20
> http://www.southamptonweather.co.uk/wxquake.php
> =20
> James
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: Tangazazen@.......
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 14:37:46 EDT
Hi Marchal,
If it was not for the depth you might have been right. There exists
an under water valley called the Hurd Deep just north of the Channel
Islands. It is about 150Km long, 1.5 to 5 Km wide and about 55-90 meteres deep and
was used to dump explosives after the last war. If the seismic activity
had been that, it would have been more interesting.
Martin
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6001.18226" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>Hi Marchal,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> If it was not for the depth you might have=
been
right. There exists an under water valley called the Hurd Deep just north=
of the
Channel Islands. It is about 150Km long, 1.5 to 5 Km wide and about 55-90=
meteres deep and was used to dump explosives after the last war. If=
the
seismic activity had been that, it would have been more interesting.<=
/DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Martin </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: "Marchal van Lare" vanlare@.............
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 21:53:04 +0200
Hi Martin,
I am still pretty convinced those events are in fact mine detonations. =
The waveforms of those events show a typical explosion signature. There =
have been lots of mine sweeping acitvities further north along the =
Belgian coast also during the last few weeks.
Somewhat surprised to see the depth mentioned by the BGS. On the other =
hand, I have seen it before and they changed their information later on. =
I know the Dutch KNMI sometimes has to wait up to 2-3 weeks before they =
receive a confirmation of mine sweeping activities. In the mean time, =
the registered event is considered natural.
You can see such a detonation on youtube: =
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Djo5aLDsfoaw
Regards,
Marchal
----- Original Message -----=20
From: Tangazazen@..........
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 8:37 PM
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
Hi Marchal,
If it was not for the depth you might have been right. There =
exists an under water valley called the Hurd Deep just north of the =
Channel Islands. It is about 150Km long, 1.5 to 5 Km wide and about =
55-90 meteres deep and was used to dump explosives after the last war. =
If the seismic activity had been that, it would have been more =
interesting.
Martin
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; =
FONT-FAMILY: Arial"=20
bottomMargin=3D7 bgColor=3D#ffffff leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 =
rightMargin=3D7>
<DIV>Hi Martin,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I am still pretty convinced those events are in fact mine =
detonations. The=20
waveforms of those events show a typical explosion signature. There have =
been=20
lots of mine sweeping acitvities further north along the Belgian coast =
also=20
during the last few weeks.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Somewhat surprised to see the depth mentioned by the BGS. On the =
other=20
hand, I have seen it before and they changed their information later on. =
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I know the Dutch KNMI sometimes has to wait up to 2-3 weeks before =
they=20
receive a confirmation of mine sweeping activities. In the mean time, =
the=20
registered event is considered natural.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>You can see such a detonation on youtube: <A=20
href=3D"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Djo5aLDsfoaw">http://www.youtube.=
com/watch?v=3Djo5aLDsfoaw</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Marchal</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3DTangazazen@..........
href=3D"mailto:Tangazazen@.......">Tangazazen@.......</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, May 02, 2009 =
8:37=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: English Channel =
swarm</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT id=3Drole_document face=3DArial color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>
<DIV>Hi Marchal,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> If it was not for the depth you might =
have been=20
right. There exists an under water valley called the Hurd Deep just =
north of=20
the Channel Islands. It is about 150Km long, 1.5 to 5 Km wide and =
about 55-90=20
meteres deep and was used to dump explosives after the last war. =
If the=20
seismic activity had been that, it would have been more=20
interesting.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Martin </DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 14:10:45 -0600
Hi Folks, Does anyone have any of these events as data files, .psn or .sac?
If so can you tell where we could download the data files?
Thanks, Ted Channel
----- Original Message -----
From: "Marchal van Lare" <vanlare@.............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 9:55 AM
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
> Hi all,
>
> I think those events are related to controlled mine detonations conducted
> by marine vessels; take a look at the time of events; most of them are
> during the daytime hours!
>
> Regards,
>
> Marchal van Lare
> -Oostburg, The Netherlands
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
> To: <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 5:42 PM
> Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
>
>
>> If you study the history you will see
>> a possibility of like a 7.0 happening
>> under the channel.
>>
>> ----- Original Message -----
>> From: <Tangazazen@.......>
>> To: <psn-l@..............>
>> Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 8:07 AM
>> Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
>>
>>
>>> Hi James,
>>>
>>> I don't know about a tsunami but I am situated close to the English
>>> Channel at Ashford and I did note that the quake two years ago ( M
>>> 4.7 ) did send ripples through my cup of tea!
>>>
>>> Martin
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
>> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of the
> message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 18:10:15 EDT
In a message dated 02/05/2009, tchannel@............ writes:
If so can you tell where we could download the data files?
Thanks, Ted Channel
Hi Ted,
You can get broad band drumplots for the last 10 days at
_http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html_
(http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html) but I don't see much which looks significant. The
nearest station is JSA in the Channel Islands. I would expect local events
to show up on the 3 to 8 second short period traces. Note that these are
VERY small quakes!
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 02/05/2009, tchannel@............ writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>If so
can you tell where we could download the data files?<BR>Thanks, Ted
Channel<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Ted,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You can get broad band drumplots for the last=
10
days at <A
href=3D"http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html">http://www.=
earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html</A> but
I don't see much which looks significant. The nearest station is JSA =
in the
Channel Islands. I would expect local events to show up on the 3 to=
8
second short period traces. Note that these are VERY small quakes! </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 16:38:35 -0600
Thank You Chris,
Ted
----- Original Message -----=20
From: ChrisAtUpw@..........
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 4:10 PM
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
In a message dated 02/05/2009, tchannel@............ writes:
If so can you tell where we could download the data files?
Thanks, Ted Channel
Hi Ted,
You can get broad band drumplots for the last 10 days at =
http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html but I don't see =
much which looks significant. The nearest station is JSA in the Channel =
Islands. I would expect local events to show up on the 3 to 8 second =
short period traces. Note that these are VERY small quakes!=20
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #000000; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" =
id=3Drole_body=20
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 =
bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>Thank You Chris,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Ted</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"=20
dir=3Dltr>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3DChrisAtUpw@..........
href=3D"mailto:ChrisAtUpw@.......">ChrisAtUpw@.......</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, May 02, 2009 =
4:10=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: English Channel =
swarm</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT id=3Drole_document color=3D#000000 size=3D2 =
face=3DArial>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 02/05/2009, <A=20
href=3D"mailto:tchannel@............">tchannel@............</A> =
writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: =
5px"><FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" color=3D#000000 size=3D2 =
face=3DArial>If so=20
can you tell where we could download the data files?<BR>Thanks, Ted=20
Channel<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Ted,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You can get broad band drumplots for the =
last 10=20
days at <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html">http://www=
..earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html</A> but=20
I don't see much which looks significant. The nearest station is =
JSA in=20
the Channel Islands. I would expect local events to show up on =
the 3 to=20
8 second short period traces. Note that these are VERY small quakes! =
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris=20
Chapman</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Guralp
From: "Jack Ivey" ivey@..........
Date: Sat, 2 May 2009 22:23:46 -0400
Folks,
I've come into possession of a late 80's vintage Guralp vertical force
feedback seismo.
Unfortunately, it has no model information. It has a 3"x9"
(waterproof-ish but not borehole-
ready) cylindrical sensor with very nice brass workings inside. There
is also an amplifier
package in an aluminum cylinder. It appears to use capacitive position
sensing, a force=20
feedback coil, and a triangular leaf spring to give about a 2-Hz
mechanical period. It=20
has remote centering with a gearmotor, and a manual mass clamp for
shipping. The
sensor has a cable coming out the bottom with a 10-pin MS connector on
the end, and
three pointed feet. The sensor part looks pretty straightforward, and
I'm tracing the amp=20
circuit (this will take a while).
=20
This unit doesn't appear to be on Guralp's website. =20
=20
Anyone have any idea what I have here? I can take some pictures if
it'll help. Anyone
gotten obsolete information out of Guralp before?
=20
Thanks,
Jack
=20
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<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Folks,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I've come into possession of a late =
80's
vintage Guralp vertical force feedback =
seismo.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Unfortunately, it has no model
information. It has a 3"x9" (waterproof-ish but not =
borehole-<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>ready) cylindrical sensor with very =
nice
brass workings inside. There is also an =
amplifier<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>package in an aluminum =
cylinder. It
appears to use capacitive position sensing, a force =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>feedback coil, and a triangular =
leaf
spring to give about a 2-Hz mechanical period. It =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>has remote centering with a =
gearmotor, and
a manual mass clamp for shipping. The<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>sensor has a cable coming out the =
bottom
with a 10-pin MS connector on the end, and<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>three pointed feet. The =
sensor part
looks pretty straightforward, and I'm tracing the amp =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>circuit (this will take a =
while).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>This unit doesn't appear to be on =
Guralp's
website. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Anyone have any idea what I have =
here?
I can take some pictures if it'll help. =
Anyone<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>gotten obsolete information out of =
Guralp
before?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>=
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Jack<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Subject: Re: Guralp seismo
From: Dave Nelson dave.nelson@...............
Date: Sun, 03 May 2009 13:26:19 +1000
<html>
Greetings Jack,<br>
When I visited the USGS.NEIC HQ in Golden, Colorado in 2006,<br>
John McMillan whas the lab tech that showed us lots of wonderful
gear<br>
amongst that were the Gulrap Horiz and Vert seismo's <br>
<a href="http://www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_horiz_seismom1.JPG" eudora="autourl">www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_horiz_seismom1.JPG</a><br><br>
<a href="http://www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_vert_seismom1.JPG" eudora="autourl">www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_vert_seismom1.JPG</a><br><br>
maybe the same as you have acquired :) I dont
know if John is still there<br>
but a phone call to there may get you some data sheets anyway<br><br>
see how you go<br>
Dave Nelson<br>
Sydney<br><br>
<br>
At 10:23 PM 5/2/2009 -0400, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font face="arial" size=2 color="#000080">Folks,<br>
I've come into possession of a late 80's vintage Guralp vertical force
feedback seismo.<br>
Unfortunately, it has no model information. It has a
3"x9" (waterproof-ish but not borehole-<br>
ready) cylindrical sensor with very nice brass workings inside.
There is also an amplifier<br>
package in an aluminum cylinder. It appears to use capacitive
position sensing, a force <br>
feedback coil, and a triangular leaf spring to give about a 2-Hz
mechanical period. It <br>
has remote centering with a gearmotor, and a manual mass clamp for
shipping. The<br>
sensor has a cable coming out the bottom with a 10-pin MS connector on
the end, and<br>
three pointed feet. The sensor part looks pretty straightforward,
and I'm tracing the amp <br>
circuit (this will take a while).<br>
This unit doesn't appear to be on Guralp's website. <br>
</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2 color="#000080">Anyone have any idea what I
have here? I can take some pictures if it'll help.
Anyone<br>
gotten obsolete information out of Guralp before?<br>
Thanks,<br>
Jack</font></blockquote></html>
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: Tangazazen@.......
Date: Sun, 3 May 2009 05:09:49 EDT
Hi Marchal,
These earthquake are very small in magnitude, may be the depth
estimate is suspect.
I remember that it was difficult to determine the nature of the North
Korean so called atomic bomb test.
There was also an article in the Scientific American a while ago about the
detection of under ground nuclear explosions and apparently a false alarm
was created by a mine collapsing.
Unfortunately the urban noise at my site is too high to distinguish these
latest English channel events.
Regards Martin
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6001.18226" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
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bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT id=3Drole_document face=3DAria=
l color=3D#000000
size=3D2>
<DIV>Hi Marchal,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> These earthquake are very small in magnitude,=
may
be the depth estimate is suspect.</DIV>
<DIV>I remember that it was difficult to determine the nature of the North=
Korean so called atomic bomb test.</DIV>
<DIV>There was also an article in the Scientific American a while ago abou=
t the
detection of under ground nuclear explosions and apparently a false alarm=
was
created by a mine collapsing.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Unfortunately the urban noise at my site is too high to distinguish=
these
latest English channel events. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Regards Martin </DIV></FONT></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: RE: Guralp seismo
From: "Jack Ivey" ivey@..........
Date: Sun, 3 May 2009 09:19:32 -0400
Dave,
That looks very similar to what I have - probably a slightly newer or
older model.
Thanks for the tip!
=20
Jack
=20
________________________________
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@...............
On Behalf Of Dave Nelson
Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 11:26 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Guralp seismo
=20
Greetings Jack,
When I visited the USGS.NEIC HQ in Golden, Colorado in
2006,
John McMillan whas the lab tech that showed us lots of wonderful gear
amongst that were the Gulrap Horiz and Vert seismo's=20
www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_horiz_seismom1.JPG
www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_vert_seismom1.JPG
maybe the same as you have acquired :) I dont know if John is still
there
but a phone call to there may get you some data sheets anyway
see how you go
Dave Nelson
Sydney
At 10:23 PM 5/2/2009 -0400, you wrote:
Folks,
I've come into possession of a late 80's vintage Guralp vertical force
feedback seismo.
Unfortunately, it has no model information. It has a 3"x9"
(waterproof-ish but not borehole-
ready) cylindrical sensor with very nice brass workings inside. There
is also an amplifier
package in an aluminum cylinder. It appears to use capacitive position
sensing, a force=20
feedback coil, and a triangular leaf spring to give about a 2-Hz
mechanical period. It=20
has remote centering with a gearmotor, and a manual mass clamp for
shipping. The
sensor has a cable coming out the bottom with a 10-pin MS connector on
the end, and
three pointed feet. The sensor part looks pretty straightforward, and
I'm tracing the amp=20
circuit (this will take a while).
This unit doesn't appear to be on Guralp's website. =20
Anyone have any idea what I have here? I can take some pictures if
it'll help. Anyone
gotten obsolete information out of Guralp before?
Thanks,
Jack
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<body lang=3DEN-US link=3Dblue vlink=3Dblue>
<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Dave,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>That looks very similar to what I =
have –
probably a slightly newer or older model.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Thanks for the =
tip!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Jack<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'><font =
size=3D3
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=3D2 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter tabindex=3D-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font =
size=3D2
face=3DTahoma><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
<b><span
style=3D'font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Dave Nelson<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Saturday, May 02, =
2009 11:26
PM<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> =
psn-l@..............<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: Guralp =
seismo</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>Greetings Jack,<br>
=
When I
visited the USGS.NEIC HQ in Golden, <st1:State w:st=3D"on"><st1:place =
w:st=3D"on">Colorado</st1:place></st1:State>
in 2006,<br>
John McMillan whas the lab tech that showed us lots of wonderful =
gear<br>
amongst that were the Gulrap Horiz and Vert seismo's <br>
<a =
href=3D"http://www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_horiz_seismom1.JPG"=
eudora=3Dautourl>www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_horiz_seismom1.JP=
G</a><br>
<br>
<a =
href=3D"http://www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_vert_seismom1.JPG"
eudora=3Dautourl>www.sydneystormcity.com/Guralp_CMG-V30_vert_seismom1.JPG=
</a><br>
<br>
maybe the same as you have acquired :) I dont =
know if
John is still there<br>
but a phone call to there may get you some data sheets anyway<br>
<br>
see how you go<br>
Dave Nelson<br>
<st1:City w:st=3D"on"><st1:place =
w:st=3D"on">Sydney</st1:place></st1:City><br>
<br>
<br>
At 10:23 PM 5/2/2009 -0400, you wrote:<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Folks,<br>
I've come into possession of a late 80's vintage Guralp vertical force =
feedback
seismo.<br>
Unfortunately, it has no model information. It has a =
3"x9"
(waterproof-ish but not borehole-<br>
ready) cylindrical sensor with very nice brass workings inside. =
There is
also an amplifier<br>
package in an aluminum cylinder. It appears to use capacitive =
position
sensing, a force <br>
feedback coil, and a triangular leaf spring to give about a 2-Hz =
mechanical
period. It <br>
has remote centering with a gearmotor, and a manual mass clamp for
shipping. The<br>
sensor has a cable coming out the bottom with a 10-pin MS connector on =
the end,
and<br>
three pointed feet. The sensor part looks pretty straightforward, =
and I'm
tracing the amp <br>
circuit (this will take a while).<br>
This unit doesn't appear to be on Guralp's website. <br>
</span></font><br>
<font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
Arial;color:navy'>Anyone have any idea what I have here? I can =
take some
pictures if it'll help. Anyone<br>
gotten obsolete information out of Guralp before?<br>
Thanks,<br>
Jack</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Subject: event
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Sun, 03 May 2009 11:35:53 -0500
about 16:26 ...anybody got a location yet?
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: event
From: Canie canie@...........
Date: Sun, 03 May 2009 09:41:17 -0700
6.1 Guatemala?
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsww/Quakes/us2009geat.php
At 09:35 AM 5/3/2009, you wrote:
>about 16:26 ...anybody got a location yet?
>__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: event
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Sun, 03 May 2009 11:47:20 -0500
Canie wrote:
> 6.1 Guatemala?
>
> http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsww/Quakes/us2009geat.php
>
> At 09:35 AM 5/3/2009, you wrote:
>> about 16:26 ...anybody got a location yet?
>> __________________________________________________________
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
Thanks -- 16:45 and still shaking here .. not really a rolling , more
irregularity to it. ..jaged
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: event
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Sun, 3 May 2009 10:51:37 -0600
We got it loud and clear, here in Idaho
Ted
----- Original Message -----
From: "Thomas Dick" <dickthomas01@.............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Sunday, May 03, 2009 10:47 AM
Subject: Re: event
> Canie wrote:
>> 6.1 Guatemala?
>>
>> http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsww/Quakes/us2009geat.php
>>
>> At 09:35 AM 5/3/2009, you wrote:
>>> about 16:26 ...anybody got a location yet?
>>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
>> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
> Thanks -- 16:45 and still shaking here .. not really a rolling , more
> irregularity to it. ..jaged
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: 6.1M Guatemala
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Sun, 3 May 2009 11:01:31 -0600
Hello Rolando Benitez, If you have time, would you tell the group about =
your experience.
Thanks, Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
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<STYLE></STYLE>
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<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial>Hello Rolando Benitez, If you have time, =
would you=20
tell the group about your experience.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
From: "Marchal van Lare" vanlare@.............
Date: Mon, 4 May 2009 19:37:04 +0200
Hi,
I have some 'suspect' signals; but the noise level was a little to high, =
but you can see the events on =
http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html and check out the =
new station Elsham (short period channel).
Marchal
----- Original Message -----=20
From: tchannel=20
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Sunday, May 03, 2009 12:38 AM
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
Thank You Chris,
Ted
----- Original Message -----=20
From: ChrisAtUpw@..........
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Saturday, May 02, 2009 4:10 PM
Subject: Re: English Channel swarm
In a message dated 02/05/2009, tchannel@............ writes:
If so can you tell where we could download the data files?
Thanks, Ted Channel
Hi Ted,
You can get broad band drumplots for the last 10 days at =
http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html but I don't see =
much which looks significant. The nearest station is JSA in the Channel =
Islands. I would expect local events to show up on the 3 to 8 second =
short period traces. Note that these are VERY small quakes!=20
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; =
FONT-FAMILY: Arial"=20
bottomMargin=3D7 bgColor=3D#ffffff leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 =
rightMargin=3D7>
<DIV>Hi,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I have some 'suspect' signals; but the noise level was a little to =
high,=20
but you can see the events on <A=20
href=3D"http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html">http://www=
..earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html</A> and=20
check out the new station Elsham (short period channel).</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Marchal</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Dtchannel@...............
href=3D"mailto:tchannel@............">tchannel</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, May 03, 2009 =
12:38 AM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: English Channel =
swarm</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>Thank You Chris,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Ted</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3DChrisAtUpw@..........
href=3D"mailto:ChrisAtUpw@.......">ChrisAtUpw@.......</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, May 02, 2009 =
4:10=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: English Channel=20
swarm</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT id=3Drole_document face=3DArial color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 02/05/2009, <A=20
href=3D"mailto:tchannel@............">tchannel@............</A> =
writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px =
solid"><FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000 size=3D2>If=20
so can you tell where we could download the data files?<BR>Thanks, =
Ted=20
Channel<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Ted,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You can get broad band drumplots for =
the last=20
10 days at <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html">http://www=
..earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/helicorder/heli.html</A> but=20
I don't see much which looks significant. The nearest station is =
JSA in=20
the Channel Islands. I would expect local events to show up on =
the 3=20
to 8 second short period traces. Note that these are VERY small =
quakes!=20
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris=20
Chapman</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: New Lehman seismometer pivots
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Mon, 04 May 2009 19:24:43 +0000
Hi all
The reason for having the coil on the boom is noise related. This
setting appearly elimiates the extra noise if the magnet is on the boom.
Here are new pictures of latest changes to my lehman seismomter.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5040001.jpg.html
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5040003.jpg.html
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On lau, 2009-05-02 at 06:17 -0700, Robert O. Green wrote:
> Dave,
>=20
> Is there are reason to have the coil on the boom? Wouldn't these issues=20
> be eliminated if the coil was on the base plate and the magnet was on=20
> the boom?
>=20
> Rob
>=20
>=20
> Dave Nelson wrote:
> > Jon,
> > As I told you several weeks ago and Bob McClure said within=20
> > the last
> > couple of days .....
> > *"DO SOMETHING ABOUT THE WIRE LEAD TO THE COIL!!! *You cannot just
> > leave it hanging loose from the boom. Cut it near the lower pivot,
> > secure it to the boom, and join it with coils of fine copper wire to
> > terminals on the frame. The terminals should be located as near to the
> > lower pivot as possible."
> >
> > Jon.... You *MUST* do this you, will *NEVER* achieve long period, free=20
> > motion of the
> > arm until you get this sorted out. It is absolutely essential to get=20
> > rid of that huge
> > thick cable coming off the pivot end of the boom, it will be totally=20
> > destroying any
> > attempt you make to try to get any decent sort of period from the=20
> > seismometer.
> > Until you change that, almost anything else you do to the unit will be=20
> > worthless.
> > see how it is done on this commercial long period seismo that I and=20
> > others are/have used ..... www.sydneystormcity.com/990605-013a.jpg=20
> > <http://www.sydneystormcity.com/990605-013a.jpg>
> >
> > you can see that in this case there are 2 pair of cables coming along=20
> > the boom
> > ( there are 2 pickup coils on this seismo) they are terminated then=20
> > VERY fine wire connects them to terminals on the vertical part of the=20
> > frame. Use 26 - 30 swg enamelled wire ( the finer the better). and=20
> > also use finer cable between the pickup coil and the terminal point =20
> > that that thick cable you are currently using.
> >
> > cheers
> > Dave Nelson
> > Sydney
> > Australia
> >
> >
> >
> > At 01:58 PM 5/1/2009 +0000, you wrote:
> >> Hi
> >> I am still unable to get the sensor frequancy below 0.4Hz. But this
> >> design is a lot more flexable then the last one I used.
> >>
> >> After the weekend I am going to do one more change. I plan to change t=
he
> >> setting of the arm. So it has not such sharp angle, but I belive that =
is
> >> hampering my effort in getting the frequancy below 0.4Hz, as sharp ang=
le
> >> means faster movement of the arm.
> >>
> >> Regards.
> >> J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
> > -----------------------------------------------------------------------=
-
> >
> >
> > Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> > Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> > Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22/2=
009 5:25 PM
> >
> > =20
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
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Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: 6.1M Guatemala
From: rbenitez@........
Date: Mon, 4 May 2009 13:50:40 -0500 (CDT)
> Hello Rolando Benitez, If you have time, would you tell the group about
> your experience.
>
> Thanks, Ted
Hello Ted,
Here is a fragment of an email I sent few hours after the quake. I am just
reading your msg today monday, after several days out of the country.
We have had several strong quakes in the recent weeks, sometimes a lesser
magnitude event is felt stronger when it is closer and shallower that the
one of sunday morning, I say this because 6 hours before the M6.1 we had a
M4 but at 12km deep and at about 6 miles away... it rattled everything
but for a shorter time. Here is the edited comment:
"The story begun last midnight. I just came home from a hospital check in
Florida at about 0300 UTC. At exactly 0600 UTC we had a very strong
movement but short in duration. I was not in the mood to check it in the
computer at that very time, but it called every one's attention. This
morning while I was checking the data logger pc and calculating the P and
S locations in the trace of the midnight event, all of the sudden I felt a
very strong vertical movement that lasted some seconds followed by an even
stronger rocking movement. At this time every piece of glass at home was
rattling, some books fell down from the shelves and the alarm in the cars
went off. This event felt like it lasted forever.
As I was in front of the datalogger, I were able to "watch" the event in
real time. It begun with no previous warning or precursors and had just
one small aftershock. The P and S arrivals were very clearly felt and
differentiated. Rayleigh and Love waves also were felt, they had a slower
rocking movement. The event was sensible for over 5 minutes, the sensors
kept on moving for over 20 minutes. The traces in the pc were totally
saturated, the sensors were literally moving from stop to stop for a
while. An interesting and scary experience to say the least.
So far there has been reports of some damages in the area near the
epicenter, some injured but no casualties so far.
An active volcano (Santiaguito), near the epicenter started to erupt
violently just at the time of the quake and it still is abnormally
exacerbating erupting. Others Like the Pacaya volcano and Fuego volcano
start erupting also but with lesser intensity. They all are in the
epicenter vicinity.
If we could predict the earthquakes, I am sure these could be a very
interesting ones to call for a seismologists meeting, I can bet nobody
would get boring."
Well hope this help to spoil your curiosity on learning more about living
in quake territory, or to mitigate your wanting to know.
Best regards,
Rolando
PS
My postings are in the PSN web page. We have had several dozens of
aftershocks since the major one...
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Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: 6.1M Guatemala
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Mon, 4 May 2009 14:04:26 -0600
Rolando, Thank you.
Ted
----- Original Message -----
From: <rbenitez@........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Monday, May 04, 2009 12:50 PM
Subject: Re: 6.1M Guatemala
>> Hello Rolando Benitez, If you have time, would you tell the group about
>> your experience.
>>
>> Thanks, Ted
>
> Hello Ted,
> Here is a fragment of an email I sent few hours after the quake. I am just
> reading your msg today monday, after several days out of the country.
>
> We have had several strong quakes in the recent weeks, sometimes a lesser
> magnitude event is felt stronger when it is closer and shallower that the
> one of sunday morning, I say this because 6 hours before the M6.1 we had a
> M4 but at 12km deep and at about 6 miles away... it rattled everything
> but for a shorter time. Here is the edited comment:
>
> "The story begun last midnight. I just came home from a hospital check in
> Florida at about 0300 UTC. At exactly 0600 UTC we had a very strong
> movement but short in duration. I was not in the mood to check it in the
> computer at that very time, but it called every one's attention. This
> morning while I was checking the data logger pc and calculating the P and
> S locations in the trace of the midnight event, all of the sudden I felt a
> very strong vertical movement that lasted some seconds followed by an even
> stronger rocking movement. At this time every piece of glass at home was
> rattling, some books fell down from the shelves and the alarm in the cars
> went off. This event felt like it lasted forever.
>
> As I was in front of the datalogger, I were able to "watch" the event in
> real time. It begun with no previous warning or precursors and had just
> one small aftershock. The P and S arrivals were very clearly felt and
> differentiated. Rayleigh and Love waves also were felt, they had a slower
> rocking movement. The event was sensible for over 5 minutes, the sensors
> kept on moving for over 20 minutes. The traces in the pc were totally
> saturated, the sensors were literally moving from stop to stop for a
> while. An interesting and scary experience to say the least.
>
> So far there has been reports of some damages in the area near the
> epicenter, some injured but no casualties so far.
>
> An active volcano (Santiaguito), near the epicenter started to erupt
> violently just at the time of the quake and it still is abnormally
> exacerbating erupting. Others Like the Pacaya volcano and Fuego volcano
> start erupting also but with lesser intensity. They all are in the
> epicenter vicinity.
>
> If we could predict the earthquakes, I am sure these could be a very
> interesting ones to call for a seismologists meeting, I can bet nobody
> would get boring."
>
> Well hope this help to spoil your curiosity on learning more about living
> in quake territory, or to mitigate your wanting to know.
> Best regards,
> Rolando
>
> PS
> My postings are in the PSN web page. We have had several dozens of
> aftershocks since the major one...
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
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Subject: No data from the lehman seismomter
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Mon, 04 May 2009 21:45:59 +0000
Hi all
For some reason, the coil did go silent on me. I have no idea what is
wrong, I have tried to change about wire and other things that might
create this issue.
But nothing has worked, and I am out of ideas. The boom swings correctly
and everything else is working as it should be, but no data from the
coil.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
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Subject: Re: No data from the lehman seismomter
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Mon, 4 May 2009 16:34:04 -0600
Hi Jon, I have a Lehman which gave me the same problem, it was a bad
connector, it simply was not making contact.
Ted
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
Sent: Monday, May 04, 2009 3:45 PM
Subject: No data from the lehman seismomter
Hi all
For some reason, the coil did go silent on me. I have no idea what is
wrong, I have tried to change about wire and other things that might
create this issue.
But nothing has worked, and I am out of ideas. The boom swings correctly
and everything else is working as it should be, but no data from the
coil.
Regards.
--
Jón Frímann
http://www.jonfr.com
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Subject: Re: No data from the lehman seismomter
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Mon, 04 May 2009 23:15:29 +0000
Hi
This is not the cable. This appears to be the coil. I have tried to fix
it, but it doesn't appear to work.
This happens when I just got my lehman seismomter to work as it should
have. It now has a period of ~5 seconds with out special setup (0.2Hz).
I don't know what did happen, this just stopped working. :-(
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On m=E1n, 2009-05-04 at 16:34 -0600, tchannel wrote:
> Hi Jon, I have a Lehman which gave me the same problem, it was a bad=20
> connector, it simply was not making contact.
> Ted
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Monday, May 04, 2009 3:45 PM
> Subject: No data from the lehman seismomter
>=20
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> For some reason, the coil did go silent on me. I have no idea what is
> wrong, I have tried to change about wire and other things that might
> create this issue.
>=20
> But nothing has worked, and I am out of ideas. The boom swings correctly
> and everything else is working as it should be, but no data from the
> coil.
>=20
> Regards.
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Subject: Re: No data from the lehman seismomter
From: Dave Nelson dave.nelson@...............
Date: Tue, 05 May 2009 18:33:19 +1000
Jon
well its about time you listened to all the good advice that you have=20
been given
over the last couple of weeks
like these then maybe it will work for you
1) Get the seismo on to solid ground ... no lino, carpet or any other=20
floor covering
under it
2) get rid of that thick wire from the boom to the electronics
3) change the dampening vane to aluminium instead of steel/iron
just to name 3 of the major faults with the seismo that have already been=
=20
talked
about :)
then you may start having some successes
cheers
Dave N
Sydney
Oz
At 09:45 PM 5/4/2009 +0000, you wrote:
>Hi all
>
>For some reason, the coil did go silent on me. I have no idea what is
>wrong, I have tried to change about wire and other things that might
>create this issue.
>
>But nothing has worked, and I am out of ideas. The boom swings correctly
>and everything else is working as it should be, but no data from the
>coil.
>
>Regards.
>--
>J=F3n Fr=EDmann
>
>http://www.jonfr.com
>
>__________________________________________________________
>
>Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
>To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
>the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
>No virus found in this incoming message.
>Checked by AVG - www.avg.com
>Version: 8.5.325 / Virus Database: 270.12.16/2094 - Release Date: 05/03/09=
=20
>16:51:00
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Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: No data from the lehman seismomter
From: Dave Nelson dave.nelson@...............
Date: Tue, 05 May 2009 18:36:20 +1000
Jon,
also check the continuity of the cable to and including the coil
the coil should have 1000 or so turns on it of fine wire, I would=20
expect a resistance of maybe 1 to 3 ohms
Dave
At 11:15 PM 5/4/2009 +0000, you wrote:
>Hi
>
>This is not the cable. This appears to be the coil. I have tried to fix
>it, but it doesn't appear to work.
>
>This happens when I just got my lehman seismomter to work as it should
>have. It now has a period of ~5 seconds with out special setup (0.2Hz).
>
>I don't know what did happen, this just stopped working. :-(
>
>Regards.
>J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
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Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Tue, 5 May 2009 08:14:45 -0700
This sounds like a good idear too.
What kind of ink should I get and from where should I obtain it?
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of Barry Lotz
Sent: Monday, April 27, 2009 7:38 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
Kareem
Someone told me years ago to add a little glycerin to the ink to increase
the ink drying time and prevent clogging. I haven't tried it.
Regards
Barry
--- On Sun, 4/26/09, Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............> wrote:
From: Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............>
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Sunday, April 26, 2009, 7:58 AM
Thanks for your replies..
I would love to get the cleaning fluid and wire. Where would one
find such
materials? What's "OD?"
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@..............
[mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of ChrisAtUpw@.......
Sent: Saturday, April
25, 2009 11:03 AM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
In a message dated 25/04/2009, system98765@............. writes:
IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I need a new pen for it. I
can't
seem to get a new pen from any viable sources. The manufacturer
wants to
charge an enormous amount of money. I wasn't sure if anyone knew how
to
make
one or point me in that direction. It just looks like a metal tube
(very,
very small) that has a bend in it so that makes contact with the
paper.
Hi Kareem,
What is the matter with your existing pen? You can buy a special
cleaning fluid for capillary pens. You can also buy fine wire for
cleaning
out small tubes. I usually use fine piano wire or hard Nichrome
wire, ground
to a diagonal knife end. If you have a problem in getting cleaning
fluid,
look for paint stripper fluid containing Methylene Chloride.
I can buy
very small bore SS tube quite easily. What is the OD of your
existing tube?
Regards,
Chris Chapman
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Subject: Question
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Tue, 5 May 2009 11:26:11 -0600
Hi Folks, I have a question about a .psn file or .sac. Is there =
anyway to edit an unwanted spike from a data file. I had a .psn the =
other day, that looked very nice except for a large noise spike at the =
beginning.
This noise was just someone walking around, or a door opening etc.
It would have nice to be able to edit that out and save the change. I =
know you can filter these out to some degree, but is there a way to cut =
them out like one would do with a .wav file, using a sound file editor?
Thanks, Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Folks, I have a question =
about a=20
..psn file or .sac. Is there anyway to edit an unwanted spike =
from a=20
data file. I had a .psn the other day, that looked very nice =
except=20
for a large noise spike at the beginning.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>This noise was just someone walking =
around, or a=20
door opening etc.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>It would have nice to be able to edit =
that out and=20
save the change. I know you can filter these out to some degree, but is =
there a=20
way to cut them out like one would do with a .wav file, using a sound =
file=20
editor?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: RE: 6.1M Guatemala
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Tue, 5 May 2009 10:29:47 -0700
This description of these quakes made me think about the various sensations
experienced during different earthquakes I have felt over the years. I have
often wondered whether one could distinguish between the arrival of the P
and S waves as they arrive at your location during an event. I've spent a
great deal of time listening to eyewitness accounts of quakes and usually
determined how large and the location by having listened to them. I am also
very aware that the structure and soil conditions can determine the
intensity, sharpness, etc. I will recall several quakes I have felt in the
past:
A) 1989, Loma Prieta quake, ~70 miles away, M7.1: Very long, rolling,
gentle, swaying motion. It seemed it moved in the floor in 1.5-2' feet in
circular directions which was astonishing to me. There was absolutely no
shaking, no sharpness nor hardness about it. It was very long but in all,
this earthquake really did not shake at all. Also to note, there seemed to
be no noise (rumbling, roaring, etc.) other than car alarms I heard before
the floor began to move. 20-30 seconds or so.
B) 1991, moderate event, ~15 miles away, M4.5: This felt like a "true"
quake. House suddenly began quivering, built slightly in the side-to-side
movement than slowly faded off. Probably a few inches of horizontal motion.
No rolling, no swaying recalled. Also, there was no initial jolt or motion
often described to a Mack truck hitting the building. The only noise I heard
was the sound of the house. 5-10 seconds
C) Moderate/strong event, ~25-30 miles away, M5.0: Awakened to the quivering
motion. There may have been an initial boom or "sudden Mack truck hitting"
motion since my quake alarm was sounding. The quake alarm will only be
triggered by a sudden shock motion and not by shaking. The quivering seemed
to be happening simultaneously with the gentle swaying or rolling (as if my
apartment unit were on a turntable and that turntable was moving about half
a foot or so in various directions but slowly, all while the turntable was
being shaken.) Seemed more horizontal motion than anything else. First
quake, where I could actually hear slight rumble plus the structure noise.
10-20 seconds duration. First quake, I actually watched occur on the
seismograph as I was feeling it. The pen was maxing out for about two
minutes via L4, vertical geophone.
D) Small event, half a mile or less away from epicenter, M2.8: This was
interesting. There seemed to be two parts to this event. First, there was
one, single, quick motion of which the direction couldn't be determined
because of its "quickness". This was just like a Mack truck hitting the
house or as if everyone slammed the doors all at once. This part of the
quake was the same duration of a sneeze. It was followed by the
rolling/swaying motion that slowly faded off. The only noise heard was when
the first "boom" part of the quake occurred. This quake actually spooked me
in that it was all of a sudden and out of the blue.
E) Small event, half a mile or less, M3.0: This was as if my neighbor
slammed something big against the wall. In fact, I thought it came from my
closet door, so in a sense I could ascertain a direction. And that was it.
Just one single motion and noise.
I just wanted to get your comments on the event descriptions and see if P,
S, or any of the surface waves are illustrated here. Any other additional
comments welcomed...
Kareem
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of tchannel
Sent: Monday, May 04, 2009 1:04 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: 6.1M Guatemala
Rolando, Thank you.
Ted
----- Original Message -----
From: <rbenitez@........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Monday, May 04, 2009 12:50 PM
Subject: Re: 6.1M Guatemala
>> Hello Rolando Benitez, If you have time, would you tell the group about
>> your experience.
>>
>> Thanks, Ted
>
> Hello Ted,
> Here is a fragment of an email I sent few hours after the quake. I am just
> reading your msg today monday, after several days out of the country.
>
> We have had several strong quakes in the recent weeks, sometimes a lesser
> magnitude event is felt stronger when it is closer and shallower that the
> one of sunday morning, I say this because 6 hours before the M6.1 we had a
> M4 but at 12km deep and at about 6 miles away... it rattled everything
> but for a shorter time. Here is the edited comment:
>
> "The story begun last midnight. I just came home from a hospital check in
> Florida at about 0300 UTC. At exactly 0600 UTC we had a very strong
> movement but short in duration. I was not in the mood to check it in the
> computer at that very time, but it called every one's attention. This
> morning while I was checking the data logger pc and calculating the P and
> S locations in the trace of the midnight event, all of the sudden I felt a
> very strong vertical movement that lasted some seconds followed by an even
> stronger rocking movement. At this time every piece of glass at home was
> rattling, some books fell down from the shelves and the alarm in the cars
> went off. This event felt like it lasted forever.
>
> As I was in front of the datalogger, I were able to "watch" the event in
> real time. It begun with no previous warning or precursors and had just
> one small aftershock. The P and S arrivals were very clearly felt and
> differentiated. Rayleigh and Love waves also were felt, they had a slower
> rocking movement. The event was sensible for over 5 minutes, the sensors
> kept on moving for over 20 minutes. The traces in the pc were totally
> saturated, the sensors were literally moving from stop to stop for a
> while. An interesting and scary experience to say the least.
>
> So far there has been reports of some damages in the area near the
> epicenter, some injured but no casualties so far.
>
> An active volcano (Santiaguito), near the epicenter started to erupt
> violently just at the time of the quake and it still is abnormally
> exacerbating erupting. Others Like the Pacaya volcano and Fuego volcano
> start erupting also but with lesser intensity. They all are in the
> epicenter vicinity.
>
> If we could predict the earthquakes, I am sure these could be a very
> interesting ones to call for a seismologists meeting, I can bet nobody
> would get boring."
>
> Well hope this help to spoil your curiosity on learning more about living
> in quake territory, or to mitigate your wanting to know.
> Best regards,
> Rolando
>
> PS
> My postings are in the PSN web page. We have had several dozens of
> aftershocks since the major one...
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Question
From: Bob Hancock icarus@.........
Date: Tue, 5 May 2009 11:16:34 -0700
Ted -
As you said it is a noise spike. In that case you might be able to
filter it out with selective flittering such as a notch or bandpass
filter. Larry has placed multiple filtering options in WinQuake. I
have had some limited success in removing spikes. The problem is how
much filtering to apply. This is a trail and error process and
depends upon the event and distance. Closer events have generally
higher frequencies than teleseismic event. Again, a process of trail
and error at best.
Maybe someone has a process that works, but I am unaware of any method
other than filtering out the frequency of the spike and hopefully not
distorting the rest of the seismogram.
Bob Hancock
On May 5, 2009, at 10:26 AM, tchannel wrote:
> Hi Folks, I have a question about a .psn file or .sac. Is there
> anyway to edit an unwanted spike from a data file. I had a .psn
> the other day, that looked very nice except for a large noise spike
> at the beginning.
> This noise was just someone walking around, or a door opening etc.
>
> It would have nice to be able to edit that out and save the change.
> I know you can filter these out to some degree, but is there a way
> to cut them out like one would do with a .wav file, using a sound
> file editor?
>
>
> Thanks, Ted
<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div>Ted =
-</div><div><br></div><div>As you said it is a noise spike. In =
that case you might be able to filter it out with =
selective flittering such as a notch or bandpass filter. =
Larry has placed multiple filtering options in WinQuake. I =
have had some limited success in removing spikes. The problem is =
how much filtering to apply. This is a trail and error process and =
depends upon the event and distance. Closer events have generally =
higher frequencies than teleseismic event. Again, a process of =
trail and error at =
best.</div><div><br></div><div>Maybe someone has a process =
that works, but I am unaware of any method other than filtering out the =
frequency of the spike and hopefully not distorting the rest =
of the seismogram.</div><div><br></div><div>Bob =
Hancock</div><div><br></div><br><div><div>On May 5, 2009, at 10:26 AM, =
tchannel wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><div bgcolor=3D"#ffffff"><div><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">Hi Folks, I have a question about =
a .psn file or .sac. Is there anyway to edit an unwanted =
spike from a data file. I had a .psn the other day, that =
looked very nice except for a large noise spike at the =
beginning.</font></div><div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">This noise =
was just someone walking around, or a door opening =
etc.</font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">It =
would have nice to be able to edit that out and save the change. I know =
you can filter these out to some degree, but is there a way to cut them =
out like one would do with a .wav file, using a sound file =
editor?</font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Thanks, =
Ted</font></div></div></span></blockquote></div><br></body></html>=
Subject: Re: Glitch Question
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Tue, 5 May 2009 14:29:26 EDT
In a message dated 05/05/2009, tchannel@............ writes:
Hi Folks, I have a question about a .psn file or .sac. Is there anyway
to edit an unwanted spike from a data file. I had a .psn the other day, that
looked very nice except for a large noise spike at the beginning.
This noise was just someone walking around, or a door opening etc.
Hi Ted, Bob,
Can you simply highlight and then extract the 'good' part of the
trace, minus the glitch?
AmaSeis has a glitch removal filter that can be selected. It has a
'Median' filter in 'Control' which gets rid of most spikes - this looks at the
mean value and chucks out 'obviously' incorrect readings. It also allows
you to re-extract part of an extracted trace. It has the usual HP and LP
filters.
Winquake seems to have only the LP and HP filters. I don't know of any
filters similar to the Glitch removal or Median filters in AmaSeis. It
would be useful to be able to re-extract part of an extracted trace.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 05/05/2009, tchannel@............ writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi Folks, I have a question=
about a
.psn file or .sac. Is there anyway to edit an unwanted spike from a data=
file.
I had a .psn the other day, that looked very nice except for a large noi=
se
spike at the beginning.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>This noise was just someone walking aro=
und, or a
door opening etc.</FONT></DIV></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Ted, Bob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Can you simply highlight and then extract the=
'good' part of the trace, minus the glitch?</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> AmaSeis has a glitch removal filter that can=
be
selected. It has a 'Median' filter in 'Control' which gets rid of
most spikes - this looks at the mean value and chucks out 'obviously'=
incorrect readings. It also allows you to re-extract part of an extracted=
trace.
It has the usual HP and LP filters.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Winquake seems to have only the LP and HP fil=
ters.
I don't know of any filters similar to the Glitch removal or Median filter=
s in
AmaSeis. It would be useful to be able to re-extract part of an extra=
cted
trace.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Glitch Question
From: Bob Hancock icarus@.........
Date: Tue, 5 May 2009 11:44:38 -0700
Chris -
That is interesting. I have never used AmaSeiz, and was unaware of
the Glitch Filter with AmaSeiz.
Bob Hancock
On May 5, 2009, at 11:29 AM, ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
>
<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div>Chris -</div><div><br></div><div>That is interesting. I have never used AmaSeiz, and was unaware of the Glitch Filter with AmaSeiz.</div><div><br></div><div>Bob Hancock</div><br><div><div>On May 5, 2009, at 11:29 AM, <a href="mailto:ChrisAtUpw@aol.com">ChrisAtUpw@aol.com</a> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"> <div id="role_body" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial" bottommargin="7" leftmargin="7" topmargin="7" rightmargin="7"><font id="role_document" face="Arial" color="#000000" size="2"> <div> <div><br></div></div></font></div></blockquote></div></body></html>
Subject: Re: Question
From: rbenitez@........
Date: Tue, 5 May 2009 12:46:25 -0500 (CDT)
> Hi Folks, I have a question about a .psn file or .sac. Is there anyway
> to edit an unwanted spike from a data file. I had a .psn the other day,
> that looked very nice except for a large noise spike at the beginning.
> This noise was just someone walking around, or a door opening etc.
>
> It would have nice to be able to edit that out and save the change. I know
> you can filter these out to some degree, but is there a way to cut them
> out like one would do with a .wav file, using a sound file editor?
>
>
> Thanks, Ted
Hello Ted,
There is a way to edit a psn or sac file with your sound file editor.
Sometimes I have had exactly what your described: noises from someone
walking around. What I have done is open your psn or sac file with
Winquake and then save your file in psn text format, then with a text
editor like Windows wordpad, -notepad does not work- remove the text
header in the file, then you can load this file in the sound file editor,
-I have used CoolEdit Pro, which now is an Adobe product-, you can display
the tracing and zoom in down to sample level, you can modified the
amplitude of the unwanted peaks, as well as filtering, etc. After you have
edited your wave, you have to save it and open it again with the text
editor and add at the top the before removed header text, save it again.
Now you can open it with WinQuake and save it again as .psn or .sac. While
in the audio editor you can play the wave and have an idea of what the
quake would sound like if it were in a higher frequency...
I have done this with audio from quakes, radio telescopes and ULF
monitoring. Once it is a wave there is ways to work with them...
Hope this helps.
Regards,
Rolando
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Lehman damping
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Tue, 05 May 2009 22:52:04 +0000
Hi all
I was told to move the damping plate and the magnets 90=B0 from where they
currently are, so the movement would be in the same direction as the arm
moves.
Can anyone explain to me why that is better ?
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Question
From: "Dale Hardy" photon1@...........
Date: Wed, 6 May 2009 09:29:46 +1000
Hi Ted,
If you are using WinSDR you can use
File> Replay=20
select the channel and time including the time span
click Start>
in the replayed window click a point after after your 'glitch' and
File> Zero Data
Then repeat the process of Replay> select the <Save Event> window and =
open Winquake
does that help ?
----- Original Message -----=20
From: tchannel=20
To: psn=20
Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 3:26 AM
Subject: Question
Hi Folks, I have a question about a .psn file or .sac. Is there =
anyway to edit an unwanted spike from a data file. I had a .psn the =
other day, that looked very nice except for a large noise spike at the =
beginning.
This noise was just someone walking around, or a door opening etc.
It would have nice to be able to edit that out and save the change. I =
know you can filter these out to some degree, but is there a way to cut =
them out like one would do with a .wav file, using a sound file editor?
Thanks, Ted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-----
No virus found in this incoming message.
Checked by AVG - www.avg.com=20
Version: 8.5.287 / Virus Database: 270.12.18/2096 - Release Date: =
05/04/09 17:51:00
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.2180" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi Ted,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>If you are using WinSDR you can =
use</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>File> Replay </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>select the channel and time including =
the time=20
span</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>click Start></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>in the replayed window click a =
point after=20
after your 'glitch' and</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>File> Zero Data</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Then repeat the process of =
Replay> select=20
the <Save Event> window and open Winquake</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>does that help ?</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Dtchannel@...............
href=3D"mailto:tchannel@............">tchannel</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, May 06, 2009 =
3:26=20
AM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Question</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi Folks, I have a =
question about a=20
.psn file or .sac. Is there anyway to edit an unwanted =
spike from=20
a data file. I had a .psn the other day, that looked very =
nice=20
except for a large noise spike at the beginning.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>This noise was just someone walking =
around, or a=20
door opening etc.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>It would have nice to be able to edit =
that out=20
and save the change. I know you can filter these out to some degree, =
but is=20
there a way to cut them out like one would do with a .wav file, using =
a sound=20
file editor?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV>
<P>
<HR>
<P></P><BR>No virus found in this incoming message.<BR>Checked by AVG =
-=20
www.avg.com <BR>Version: 8.5.287 / Virus Database: 270.12.18/2096 - =
Release=20
Date: 05/04/09 17:51:00<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Question
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Tue, 5 May 2009 18:30:30 -0600
Hi Folks, Thanks for several ideas. I am using AmaSeis on one machine =
and WinSDR on the others, so I though I would try these various ideas on =
both.
I found one simple way to remove a single spike. It was pointed out I =
could save the winquake file as a .txt, open it in a word editing =
program, look for the offending spike, now as numbers and replace them =
with zero, or use adjacent numbers.
Here is an example,
I had a nice .psn file, 3/4 of the way through it I had a large spike, =
obvious just a spike of noise. I saved the .psn as a .txt, opened it in =
Word. Now I have a list of 2500 numbers, I scrolled down the list of =
number until I was about 3/4 of the way down. In that area I saw =
numbers in the 10 -20 30 -40 small numbers like that. In this area I =
found three or four numbers in the 100's. These were the spike, I =
replaced all four numbers with zeros, save the file. Reopened it in =
Winquake and the spike was gone.
This may not the best way to do it, perhaps, but it was very simple, and =
it worked on those one or two offending spikes.
Thanks, Ted
----- Original Message -----=20
From: Dale Hardy=20
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Tuesday, May 05, 2009 5:29 PM
Subject: Re: Question
Hi Ted,
If you are using WinSDR you can use
File> Replay=20
select the channel and time including the time span
click Start>
in the replayed window click a point after after your 'glitch' and
File> Zero Data
Then repeat the process of Replay> select the <Save Event> window and =
open Winquake
does that help ?
----- Original Message -----=20
From: tchannel=20
To: psn=20
Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 3:26 AM
Subject: Question
Hi Folks, I have a question about a .psn file or .sac. Is there =
anyway to edit an unwanted spike from a data file. I had a .psn the =
other day, that looked very nice except for a large noise spike at the =
beginning.
This noise was just someone walking around, or a door opening etc.
It would have nice to be able to edit that out and save the change. =
I know you can filter these out to some degree, but is there a way to =
cut them out like one would do with a .wav file, using a sound file =
editor?
Thanks, Ted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
---
No virus found in this incoming message.
Checked by AVG - www.avg.com=20
Version: 8.5.287 / Virus Database: 270.12.18/2096 - Release Date: =
05/04/09 17:51:00
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Folks, Thanks for several=20
ideas. I am using AmaSeis on one machine and WinSDR on the =
others,=20
so I though I would try these various ideas on both.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>I found one simple way to remove a =
single=20
spike. It was pointed out I could save the winquake file as =
a .txt,=20
open it in a word editing program, look for the offending spike, now as =
numbers=20
and replace them with zero, or use adjacent numbers.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial> Here is an example,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>I had a nice .psn file, 3/4 of the way =
through it I=20
had a large spike, obvious just a spike of noise. I saved the .psn =
as a=20
..txt, opened it in Word. Now I have a list of 2500 =
numbers, I=20
scrolled down the list of number until I was about 3/4 of the way=20
down. In that area I saw numbers in the 10 -20 30 -40 small =
numbers=20
like that. In this area I found three or four numbers in the=20
100's. These were the spike, I replaced all four numbers =
with zeros,=20
save the file. Reopened it in Winquake and the spike was=20
gone.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>This may not the best way to do =
it, perhaps,=20
but it was very simple, and it worked on those one or two offending=20
spikes.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"=20
dir=3Dltr>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Dphoton1@........... =
href=3D"mailto:photon1@...........">Dale Hardy</A>=20
</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, May 05, 2009 =
5:29 PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: Question</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Ted,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>If you are using WinSDR you can =
use</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>File> Replay </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>select the channel and time including =
the time=20
span</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>click Start></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>in the replayed window click a =
point after=20
after your 'glitch' and</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>File> Zero Data</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Then repeat the process of =
Replay> select=20
the <Save Event> window and open Winquake</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>does that help ?</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Dtchannel@...............
href=3D"mailto:tchannel@............">tchannel</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, May 06, 2009 =
3:26=20
AM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Question</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Folks, I have a =
question about a=20
.psn file or .sac. Is there anyway to edit an unwanted =
spike=20
from a data file. I had a .psn the other day, that =
looked very=20
nice except for a large noise spike at the beginning.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>This noise was just someone walking =
around, or=20
a door opening etc.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>It would have nice to be able to =
edit that out=20
and save the change. I know you can filter these out to some degree, =
but is=20
there a way to cut them out like one would do with a .wav file, =
using a=20
sound file editor?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV>
<P>
<HR>
<P></P><BR>No virus found in this incoming message.<BR>Checked by =
AVG -=20
www.avg.com <BR>Version: 8.5.287 / Virus Database: 270.12.18/2096 - =
Release=20
Date: 05/04/09 17:51:00<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Lehman damping
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Wed, 6 May 2009 16:20:24 -0400
Hi J=F3n
I advised you to rotate the damping vane 90 degrees. I said nothing
about the magnet.
It is difficult to make anything clear to you, especially without
pictures, but I will try.
I assume that you are using a four-pole magnet assembly, having two
steel plates and a pair of side-by-side Neodymium block magnets of
opposite polarity on each plate. The steel plates are held apart with
bolts so that an air gap exists between the pair of magnets on the top
plate and the pair on the bottom plates. The plates are oriented in
the direction that gives strong attraction accross the gap. The
"cracks" between the pairs of block magnets should always be
perpendicular to the direction of motion of the damping vane.
The damping vane should be made of thick copper sheet (or a stack of
thinner sheets) and rectangular in shape. Its width should be
appreciably greater than the width spanned by the magnet field
generated in the magnet assembly. The vane should be mounted below the
boom, with its long dimension parallel to the boom. The amount of
damping achieved by the penetration of the vane into the magnet gap is
then controlled by the longitudinal position of the magnet. Less
damping is achieved by moving the magnet so that it covers less of the
vane. Maximum damping occurs when the vane penetrates the entire gap.
When you set up the vane to enter the magnet assembly from the side
rather than from an end, you do not have the ability to adjust damping
because the damping is then a nonlinear function of depth of
penetration into the magnet. Never use such a configuration.
You could always elect to mount the damping vane perpendicular to
the boom, with the long dimension vertical. In this case, the magnet
and its "cracks" are vertical, and the magnet assembly is moved
up-and-down to adjust damping.
The reason for making the vane wider than the field is this: pure
copper is slightly diamagnetic, and impure copper can even be
paramagnetic. Aluminum can be used, but it is paramagnetic. A narrow
vane is thus subject to magnetic forces from fringe fields inside the
magnet. Making the vane wider than the fringe fields keeps the edges
of the vane outside the fringe fields and minimizes such forces.
Bob
On 5/5/09, J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........> wrote:
> Hi all
>
> I was told to move the damping plate and the magnets 90=B0 from where the=
y
> currently are, so the movement would be in the same direction as the arm
> moves.
>
> Can anyone explain to me why that is better ?
>
> Regards.
> --
> J=F3n Fr=EDmann
>
> http://www.jonfr.com
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Thu, 07 May 2009 02:54:35 +0000
Hi all
Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. I
hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds period
at most.
The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
up ? Or do I have to do something else.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: "Dale Hardy" photon1@...........
Date: Thu, 7 May 2009 17:18:26 +1000
Hi Jon,
The "TILT" of your seismometer will determine the period.
A good reference article can be found here
http://jclahr.com/science/psn/swing/index.html
regards
Dale
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
Sent: Thursday, May 07, 2009 12:54 PM
Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
Hi all
Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. I
hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds period
at most.
The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
up ? Or do I have to do something else.
Regards.
--
Jón Frímann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
No virus found in this incoming message.
Checked by AVG - www.avg.com
Version: 8.5.287 / Virus Database: 270.12.21/2101 - Release Date: 05/06/09
17:58:00
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Question
From: Barry Lotz barry_lotz@.............
Date: Thu, 7 May 2009 05:26:24 -0700 (PDT)
Hi
Audacity also has a way to zero between or before/after selected points of a wave file.
Barry.
--- On Tue, 5/5/09, rbenitez@........ <rbenitez@........> wrote:
From: rbenitez@........ <rbenitez@........>
Subject: Re: Question
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Tuesday, May 5, 2009, 10:46 AM
> Hi Folks, I have a question about a .psn file or .sac. Is there anyway
> to edit an unwanted spike from a data file. I had a .psn the other day,
> that looked very nice except for a large noise spike at the beginning.
> This noise was just someone walking around, or a door opening etc.
>
> It would have nice to be able to edit that out and save the change. I know
> you can filter these out to some degree, but is there a way to cut them
> out like one would do with a .wav file, using a sound file editor?
>
>
> Thanks, Ted
Hello Ted,
There is a way to edit a psn or sac file with your sound file editor.
Sometimes I have had exactly what your described: noises from someone
walking around. What I have done is open your psn or sac file with
Winquake and then save your file in psn text format, then with a text
editor like Windows wordpad, -notepad does not work- remove the text
header in the file, then you can load this file in the sound file editor,
-I have used CoolEdit Pro, which now is an Adobe product-, you can display
the tracing and zoom in down to sample level, you can modified the
amplitude of the unwanted peaks, as well as filtering, etc. After you have
edited your wave, you have to save it and open it again with the text
editor and add at the top the before removed header text, save it again.
Now you can open it with WinQuake and save it again as .psn or .sac. While
in the audio editor you can play the wave and have an idea of what the
quake would sound like if it were in a higher frequency...
I have done this with audio from quakes, radio telescopes and ULF
monitoring. Once it is a wave there is ways to work with them...
Hope this helps.
Regards,
Rolando
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;">Hi<br>Audacity also has a way to zero between or before/after selected points of a wave file.<br>Barry.<br><br>--- On <b>Tue, 5/5/09, rbenitez@........ <i><rbenitez@........></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;">From: rbenitez@........ <rbenitez@........><br>Subject: Re: Question<br>To: psn-l@..............<br>Date: Tuesday, May 5, 2009, 10:46 AM<br><br><pre>> Hi Folks, I have a question about a .psn file or .sac. Is there anyway<br>> to edit an unwanted spike from a data file. I had a .psn the other day,<br>> that looked very nice except for a large noise spike at the beginning.<br>> This noise was just someone walking around, or a door opening etc.<br>><br>> It would have nice to be able to edit that out and save the change. I know<br>> you
can filter these out to some degree, but is there a way to cut them<br>> out like one would do with a .wav file, using a sound file editor?<br>><br>><br>> Thanks, Ted<br><br>Hello Ted,<br>There is a way to edit a psn or sac file with your sound file editor.<br>Sometimes I have had exactly what your described: noises from someone<br>walking around. What I have done is open your psn or sac file with<br>Winquake and then save your file in psn text format, then with a text<br>editor like Windows wordpad, -notepad does not work- remove the text<br>header in the file, then you can load this file in the sound file editor,<br>-I have used CoolEdit Pro, which now is an Adobe product-, you can display<br>the tracing and zoom in down to sample level, you can modified the<br>amplitude of the unwanted peaks, as well as filtering, etc. After you have<br>edited your wave, you have to save it and open it again with the text<br>editor and add at the top the
before removed header text, save it again.<br>Now you can open it with WinQuake and save it again as .psn or .sac. While<br>in the audio editor you can play the wave and have an idea of what the<br>quake would sound like if it were in a higher frequency...<br><br>I have done this with audio from quakes, radio telescopes and ULF<br>monitoring. Once it is a wave there is ways to work with them...<br><br>Hope this helps.<br>Regards,<br>Rolando<br><br>__________________________________________________________<br><br>Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)<br><br>To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@SEISMICNET.COM with <br>the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe<br>See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.<br></pre></blockquote></td></tr></table>
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Thu, 7 May 2009 06:14:52 -0700
Isn't setting this period just a matter of
positioning the lever arm as close to
level as possible and still able to
get it to seek a zero point reliably ?
There should be a point where gravity will
fail to overcome friction.
That will be the limiting factor
in how long a free period you may achieve.
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
Hi all
Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. I
hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds period
at most.
The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
up ? Or do I have to do something else.
Regards.
--
Jón Frímann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Thu, 7 May 2009 07:38:06 -0600
Hi Geoffrey, I like the way you word this.
Thanks, Ted
----- Original Message -----
From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Thursday, May 07, 2009 7:14 AM
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
> Isn't setting this period just a matter of
> positioning the lever arm as close to
> level as possible and still able to
> get it to seek a zero point reliably ?
>
> There should be a point where gravity will
> fail to overcome friction.
> That will be the limiting factor
> in how long a free period you may achieve.
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
> Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>
>
> Hi all
>
> Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. I
> hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds period
> at most.
>
> The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
> increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
> up ? Or do I have to do something else.
>
> Regards.
> --
> Jón Frímann
>
> http://www.jonfr.com
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of the
> message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Thu, 07 May 2009 20:30:54 +0000
Hi
Thanks for the artical. I ran into small problem, that I have to fix
tomorrow. But the arm that I was trying to use always fell off because
of it's waight. So i did switch to the aluminum one. Using that arm now
gives me 5 seconds easy and clear signal.
However, the signal is at intrestingly narrow band, I am unsure why that
is.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On fim, 2009-05-07 at 17:18 +1000, Dale Hardy wrote:
> Hi Jon,
> The "TILT" of your seismometer will determine the period.
> A good reference article can be found here
>=20
> http://jclahr.com/science/psn/swing/index.html
>=20
> regards
> Dale
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Thursday, May 07, 2009 12:54 PM
> Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>=20
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. I
> hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds period
> at most.
>=20
> The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
> increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
> up ? Or do I have to do something else.
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Thu, 07 May 2009 22:35:03 +0000
Hi
I did fix the issue that I was having, so I am ready to configure my
lehman sensor to maximum period that I can find. It currently is at 5
seconds.=20
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On fim, 2009-05-07 at 06:14 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> Isn't setting this period just a matter of
> positioning the lever arm as close to
> level as possible and still able to
> get it to seek a zero point reliably ?
>=20
> There should be a point where gravity will
> fail to overcome friction.
> That will be the limiting factor
> in how long a free period you may achieve.
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
> Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>=20
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. I
> hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds period
> at most.
>=20
> The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
> increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
> up ? Or do I have to do something else.
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Setting the period of a Lehman
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Thu, 7 May 2009 19:47:05 EDT
In a message dated 07/05/2009, jonfr@......... writes:
But the arm that I was trying to use always fell off because of it's
weight. So I switched to the aluminum one. Using that arm now gives me 5 seconds
easily and a clear signal.
However, the signal is at interestingly narrow band, I am unsure why that
is.
Hi there,
When deciding where to mount the top suspension on a Lehman arm,
balance the arm + mass on a round rod and slide it along until the mass balances
the weight of the rest of the arm. Mount the top suspension at this point
and you should get zero vertical loading on the bottom suspension. This
greatly reduces any tendency to slip while it is in operation. Mount both
balls / vertical rollers on the frame for greatly improved stability.
On a Lehman, the swing axis is at a very small angle to the local
vertical. Changing this angle alters the natural period. Some values are shown
at _http://jclahr.com/science/psn/swing/index.html_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/swing/index.html) To get a period of 20 seconds instead of 10
seconds, you need a swing angle 1/4 that in the table. The various sorts of
pendulum are shown at _http://www.phy.mtu.edu/~suits/PH3110/pendulums.html_
(http://www.phy.mtu.edu/~suits/PH3110/pendulums.html) See the Lehman diagram.
The swing angle theta is usually set using a vertical screw on the
base frame close to the mass, which tilts the whole frame. Using a single
frame enables you to set up the sensor clearance first, then the period and
finally the damping without the adjustments effecting one another.
When you have set up the natural period, you then need to set the
damping to about 0.7 critical to get a broad band response. Note the balance
position and mark it using a fibre pen. Using a ruler or similar lever,
gently move the mass 10 mm to one side and then release it. The mass should
swing 1/2 mm beyond the balance position and then slowly return to the balance
position. Adjust the damping until you get about this response.
If you use very little damping, the sensor will give a narrow band
response, peaked about it's natural period, as Jon described. I use a ~1 mm
thick sheet of Copper for the damping blade, but you can also use pure
Aluminum. See _http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html) Note that the damping
blade is larger than the damping magnets and can be positioned so that it only
partly covers the central N/S magnet junction. The damping is increased by
moving the magnet block so that the damping plate covers more of the N/S
magnet junction. It is possible to use Alnico magnets as described in the
1979 Sci Am article, but NdFeB rectangular block magnets are both cheaper and
give a stronger field.
Mounting the damping plate horizontally as shown in the photo makes it
much easier to adjust the damping. See photo
_http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototype.jpg_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototype.jpg) The left hand red damping
magnet block partly covers the Copper damping plate. The right hand red magnet
block covers the sensor coil attached to the square Al block on the arm.
Note also the rigid V wire suspension made from 7 core SS fishing trace and
the wind on wire adjustment at the top of the vertical column. This Lehman
seems to be a good design. I can set it for stable periods of up to 60
seconds, but it then becomes very sensitive to ground tilts. Photos of an
earlier prototype before the top suspension was modified are shown at
_http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html)
Jon, if you look at the lehman_prototype photo, you will see a
vertical adjusting screw with a black knob on the right hand end of the frame.
This controls the tilt of the whole frame and sets the period.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
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face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 07/05/2009, jonfr@......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>But the
arm that I was trying to use always fell off because of it's weight. So=
I
switched to the aluminum one. Using that arm now gives me 5 seconds easi=
ly and
a clear signal.<BR>However, the signal is at interestingly narrow band,=
I am
unsure why that is.<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi there,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> When deciding where to mount the top suspensi=
on on
a Lehman arm, balance the arm + mass on a round rod and slide it along unt=
il the
mass balances the weight of the rest of the arm. Mount the top suspension=
at
this point and you should get zero vertical loading on the bottom
suspension. This greatly reduces any tendency to slip while it is in=
operation. Mount both balls / vertical rollers on the frame for greatly im=
proved
stability.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> On a Lehman, the swing axis is at a very smal=
l
angle to the local vertical. Changing this angle alters the natural period=
..
Some values are shown at <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/swing/index.html">http://jclahr.com/=
science/psn/swing/index.html</A>
To get a period of 20 seconds instead of 10 seconds, you need a swing angl=
e 1/4
that in the table. The various sorts of pendulum are shown at <A
href=3D"http://www.phy.mtu.edu/~suits/PH3110/pendulums.html">http://www.ph=
y.mtu.edu/~suits/PH3110/pendulums.html</A> See
the Lehman diagram.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The swing angle theta is usually set using a=
vertical screw on the base frame close to the mass, which tilts the=
whole
frame. Using a single frame enables you to set up the sensor clearanc=
e
first, then the period and finally the damping without the adjustment=
s
effecting one another. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> When you have set up the natural period, you=
then
need to set the damping to about 0.7 critical to get a broad band response=
.. Note
the balance position and mark it using a fibre pen. Using a ruler or simil=
ar
lever, gently move the mass 10 mm to one side and then release it. The mas=
s
should swing 1/2 mm beyond the balance position and then slowly return to=
the
balance position. Adjust the damping until you get about this response.</D=
IV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> If you use very little damping, the
sensor will give a narrow band response, peaked about=
it's
natural period, as Jon described. I use a ~1 mm thick sheet of Copper for=
the
damping blade, but you can also use pure Aluminum. See <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html">http://jc=
lahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html</A> Note
that the damping blade is larger than the damping magnets and can be posit=
ioned
so that it only partly covers the central N/S magnet junction. The damping=
is
increased by moving the magnet block so that the damping plate covers more=
of
the N/S magnet junction. It is possible to use Alnico magnets as desc=
ribed
in the 1979 Sci Am article, but NdFeB rectangular block magnets are
both cheaper and give a stronger field. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Mounting the damping plate horizontally=
as
shown in the photo makes it much easier to adjust the
damping. See photo <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototy=
pe.jpg">http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototy=
pe.jpg</A> The
left hand red damping magnet block partly covers the Copper damping plate.=
The
right hand red magnet block covers the sensor coil attached to the square=
Al
block on the arm. Note also the rigid V wire suspension made from 7 core=
SS
fishing trace and the wind on wire adjustment at the top of the vertical=
column.
This Lehman seems to be a good design. I can set it for stable period=
s of
up to 60 seconds, but it then becomes very sensitive to ground
tilts. Photos of an earlier prototype before the top suspension was=
modified are shown at <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html">http=
://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html</A> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Jon, if you look at the lehman_prototype phot=
o, you
will see a vertical adjusting screw with a black knob on the right hand en=
d of
the frame. This controls the tilt of the whole frame and sets the period.=
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Thu, 7 May 2009 17:04:41 -0700
Gee, I believe this to be one of those
garden gate seismometers.
I always thought of it as a modified
pendulum changing the acceleration of gravity
in a trigonometric fashion.
This means the mass is the lowest point on the lever arm
or you can not have stability.
It manipulates the pull of gravity
like Sine or Cosine of the angle relative
to horizontal.
I believe you guys are thinking much more
complex then myself.
You more than likely will never
take souls like me very serious.
Sort of like Rodney Dangerfield ???
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
Hi all
Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. I
hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds period
at most.
The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
up ? Or do I have to do something else.
Regards.
--
Jón Frímann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Fri, 08 May 2009 01:08:52 +0000
Hi all
I got the period down to 6 seconds at the lower end, but at 4 seconds
the high end. But I have to do it adjust the period really slowly. I am
not sure what I can detect at 6 seconds.
Geoffrey, I know what you mean. I am trying to understand something in a
diffrent language and am trying to understand something that I have not
got a big traning on.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On fim, 2009-05-07 at 17:04 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> Gee, I believe this to be one of those
> garden gate seismometers.
> I always thought of it as a modified
> pendulum changing the acceleration of gravity
> in a trigonometric fashion.
> This means the mass is the lowest point on the lever arm
> or you can not have stability.
> It manipulates the pull of gravity
> like Sine or Cosine of the angle relative
> to horizontal.
> I believe you guys are thinking much more
> complex then myself.
> You more than likely will never
> take souls like me very serious.
> Sort of like Rodney Dangerfield ???
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
> Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>=20
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. I
> hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds period
> at most.
>=20
> The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
> increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
> up ? Or do I have to do something else.
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: JAMES RIDOUT jamesridout@..............
Date: Fri, 8 May 2009 05:41:18 +0000 (GMT)
Jon,
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 I found it very confusing when setting the period for my se=
ismograph, and for a=20
long time took the period to be the time it takes the arm to swing from one=
side to the
other.( I could never get much more than 10 seconds)!!.
=A0But apparently I am wrong, The period is the time it takes for the arm t=
o swing
past the same point in the same direction twice. So if you hold the arm tow=
ards you
=A0and let it go, as it passes the centre, start a stopwatch, then let=A0th=
e arm=A0go to the other side,
then back towards you , and as it passes the centre again press stop. This =
is the period.
=A0 Anyone please correct me if I am wrong. !!.
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 James
--- On Fri, 8/5/09, J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........> wrote:
From: J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........>
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Friday, 8 May, 2009, 2:08 AM
Hi all
I got the period down to 6 seconds at the lower end, but at 4 seconds
the high end. But I have to do it adjust the period really slowly. I am
not sure what I can detect at 6 seconds.
Geoffrey, I know what you mean. I am trying to understand something in a
diffrent language and am trying to understand something that I have not
got a big traning on.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On fim, 2009-05-07 at 17:04 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> Gee, I believe this to be one of those
> garden gate seismometers.
> I always thought of it as a modified
> pendulum changing the acceleration of gravity
> in a trigonometric fashion.
> This means the mass is the lowest point on the lever arm
> or you can not have stability.
> It manipulates the pull of gravity
> like Sine or Cosine of the angle relative
> to horizontal.
> I believe you guys are thinking much more
> complex then myself.
> You more than likely will never
> take souls like me very serious.
> Sort of like Rodney Dangerfield ???
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
> Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>=20
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. I
> hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds period
> at most.
>=20
> The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
> increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
> up ? Or do I have to do something else.
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;"><DIV>Jon,</DIV>
<DIV> I found it very confusing when setting =
the period for my seismograph, and for a </DIV>
<DIV>long time took the period to be the time it takes the arm to swing fro=
m one side to the</DIV>
<DIV>other.( I could never get much more than 10 seconds)!!.</DIV>
<DIV> But apparently I am wrong, The period is the time it takes for t=
he arm to swing</DIV>
<DIV>past the <U>same point</U> in the <U>same</U> <U>direction twice</U>. =
So if you hold the arm towards you</DIV>
<DIV> and let it go, as it passes the centre, start a stopwatch, then =
let the arm go to the other side,</DIV>
<DIV>then back towards you , and as it passes the centre again press stop. =
This is the period.</DIV>
<DIV> Anyone please correct me if I am wrong. !!.</DIV>
<DIV> &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; James<BR><BR>--- On <B>Fri, 8/5/09, J=F3n Fr=EDmann <I><jonfr@j=
onfr.com></I></B> wrote:<BR></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(=
16,16,255) 2px solid">From: J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........><BR>Subj=
ect: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?<BR>To: psn-l@webtro=
nics.com<BR>Date: Friday, 8 May, 2009, 2:08 AM<BR><BR><PRE>Hi all
I got the period down to 6 seconds at the lower end, but at 4 seconds
the high end. But I have to do it adjust the period really slowly. I am
not sure what I can detect at 6 seconds.
Geoffrey, I know what you mean. I am trying to understand something in a
diffrent language and am trying to understand something that I have not
got a big traning on.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On fim, 2009-05-07 at 17:04 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> Gee, I believe this to be one of those
> garden gate seismometers.
> I always thought of it as a modified
> pendulum changing the acceleration of gravity
> in a trigonometric fashion.
> This means the mass is the lowest point on the lever arm
> or you can not have stability.
> It manipulates the pull of gravity
> like Sine or Cosine of the angle relative
> to horizontal.
> I believe you guys are thinking much more
> complex then myself.
> You more than likely will never
> take souls like me very serious.
> Sort of like Rodney Dangerfield ???
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
> Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>=20
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter.=
I
> hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds peri=
od
> at most.
>=20
> The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
> increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
> up ? Or do I have to do something else.
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></td></tr></table>
Subject: RE: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: "Steve Hammond" shammon1@.............
Date: Thu, 7 May 2009 23:12:13 -0700
No need your correct. There are a few other tricks you can add. I pull =
the
are back with a light cotton string or even thread and then let go of =
one
end and pull it out of the way. In this way you don=92t add any =
additional
energy or vibration. The second method works well when the box is sealed =
and
you want to check the period. With the D/A recording walk up to the =
device
and stand there for 20-30 seconds and then step back a couple of yards. =
This
is the WUWA test others=92 have talked about on this list. Walk Up Walk =
Away.
This send most Lehman=92s in motion and allows the operator a method for
checking to see f the device is operational and what the dampened period =
is.
This might also help. I have pasted a chart below and if you email me =
I=92ll
send you the excel version. This is the natural period table I made from =
a
calculation I think came from Shan a longtime ago. The heading is in =
the
upper section and ran from A1 to W1. The 100 second line ran from C1 to =
W1
and so on. I use the chart to determine how much tilt is set on my =
device
when I adjust the period. I have a 30-in boom length on my Lehman and
normally setup a 12-14 second period which means the angle on the boom =
is
between .25 to .5 degrees.=20
Regards, Steve Hammond PSN San Jose, Aptos CA.
http://www.PublicSeismicNetwork.com
=20
=20
Boom length Natural period @ .05 degree Natural Period @ .1
degree Natural Period @ .25 degree Natural Period @ .5 =
degree
Natural Period @ .75 degree Natural Period @ 1 degree =
Natural
Period @ 2 degree Natural Period @ 3 degree =
Natural
Period @ 4 degree Natural Period @ 5 degree 2*pi
980CM/sec^2 .05 degree sine .1 degree sign .25 sine .5 sine .75
degree sine 1 degree sine 2 degree sine 3 degree sine 4
degree sine 5 degree sine
=20
100 67.943 48.043 30.385 21.486 17.543 15.193 10.744
8.773 7.599 6.799 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
99 67.602 47.802 30.233 21.378 17.455 15.117 =
10.690
8.729 7.561 6.765 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
98 67.260 47.560 30.080 21.270 17.367 15.040 =
10.636
8.685 7.523 6.730 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
97 66.916 47.317 29.926 21.161 17.278 14.963 =
10.581
8.641 7.484 6.696 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
96 66.570 47.072 29.771 21.051 17.189 14.886 =
10.527
8.596 7.446 6.661 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
95 66.222 46.826 29.616 20.941 17.099 14.808 =
10.472
8.551 7.407 6.626 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
94 65.873 46.579 29.459 20.831 17.009 14.730 =
10.416
8.506 7.368 6.591 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
93 65.522 46.331 29.302 20.720 16.918 14.651 =
10.361
8.461 7.329 6.556 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
92 65.168 46.081 29.144 20.608 16.827 14.572 =
10.305
8.415 7.289 6.521 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
91 64.813 45.830 28.985 20.496 16.735 14.493 =
10.249
8.369 7.249 6.485 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
90 64.456 45.577 28.826 20.383 16.643 14.413 =
10.192
8.323 7.209 6.450 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
89 64.097 45.323 28.665 20.269 16.550 14.333 =
10.136
8.277 7.169 6.414 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
88 63.736 45.068 28.504 20.155 16.457 14.252 =
10.079
8.230 7.129 6.378 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
87 63.373 44.811 28.341 20.040 16.363 14.171 =
10.021
8.183 7.088 6.341 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
86 63.008 44.553 28.178 19.925 16.269 14.089 9.963
8.136 7.047 6.305 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
85 62.640 44.293 28.014 19.809 16.174 14.007 9.905
8.089 7.006 6.268 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
84 62.271 44.032 27.848 19.692 16.078 13.924 9.847
8.041 6.965 6.231 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
83 61.899 43.769 27.682 19.574 15.982 13.841 9.788
7.993 6.923 6.194 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
82 61.525 43.505 27.515 19.456 15.886 13.758 9.729
7.945 6.881 6.156 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
81 61.148 43.239 27.346 19.337 15.789 13.674 9.669
7.896 6.839 6.119 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
80 60.770 42.971 27.177 19.217 15.691 13.589 9.610
7.847 6.797 6.081 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
79 60.389 42.701 27.007 19.097 15.593 13.504 9.549
7.798 6.754 6.043 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
78 60.005 42.430 26.835 18.975 15.494 13.418 9.489
7.748 6.712 6.004 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
77 59.620 42.157 26.663 18.853 15.394 13.332 9.428
7.699 6.668 5.966 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
76 59.231 41.883 26.489 18.731 15.294 13.245 9.366
7.648 6.625 5.927 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
75 58.840 41.606 26.314 18.607 15.193 13.157 9.304
7.598 6.581 5.888 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
74 58.447 41.328 26.138 18.483 15.091 13.069 9.242
7.547 6.537 5.848 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
73 58.050 41.048 25.961 18.357 14.989 12.981 9.179
7.496 6.493 5.809 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
72 57.651 40.766 25.783 18.231 14.886 12.892 9.116
7.444 6.448 5.769 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
71 57.250 40.482 25.603 18.104 14.782 12.802 9.053
7.393 6.403 5.729 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
70 56.845 40.195 25.422 17.976 14.678 12.711 8.989
7.340 6.358 5.688 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
69 56.437 39.907 25.240 17.847 14.572 12.620 8.924
7.288 6.312 5.647 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
68 56.027 39.617 25.056 17.717 14.466 12.528 8.860
7.235 6.267 5.606 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
67 55.614 39.325 24.871 17.587 14.360 12.436 8.794
7.181 6.220 5.565 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
66 55.197 39.030 24.685 17.455 14.252 12.343 8.728
7.128 6.174 5.523 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
65 54.777 38.733 24.497 17.322 14.144 12.249 8.662
7.073 6.127 5.481 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
64 54.354 38.434 24.308 17.188 14.034 12.154 8.595
7.019 6.079 5.439 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
63 53.928 38.133 24.117 17.054 13.924 12.059 8.528
6.964 6.032 5.396 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
62 53.498 37.829 23.925 16.918 13.813 11.963 8.460
6.908 5.984 5.353 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
61 53.065 37.523 23.731 16.781 13.702 11.866 8.391
6.852 5.935 5.310 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
60 52.628 37.214 23.536 16.643 13.589 11.768 8.322
6.796 5.886 5.266 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
59 52.188 36.902 23.339 16.503 13.475 11.670 8.252
6.739 5.837 5.222 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
58 51.744 36.588 23.141 16.363 13.360 11.571 8.182
6.682 5.787 5.178 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
57 51.296 36.272 22.940 16.221 13.245 11.470 8.111
6.624 5.737 5.133 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
56 50.844 35.952 22.738 16.078 13.128 11.369 8.040
6.565 5.687 5.088 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
55 50.388 35.629 22.534 15.934 13.010 11.267 7.968
6.507 5.636 5.042 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
54 49.928 35.304 22.328 15.789 12.891 11.164 7.895
6.447 5.584 4.996 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
53 49.463 34.976 22.121 15.642 12.771 11.061 7.822
6.387 5.532 4.949 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
52 48.994 34.644 21.911 15.493 12.650 10.956 7.747
6.327 5.480 4.903 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
51 48.521 34.309 21.699 15.344 12.528 10.850 7.673
6.265 5.427 4.855 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
50 48.043 33.971 21.485 15.193 12.405 10.743 7.597
6.204 5.374 4.807 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
49 47.560 33.630 21.269 15.040 12.280 10.635 7.521
6.141 5.320 4.759 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
48 47.072 33.285 21.051 14.886 12.154 10.526 7.444
6.078 5.265 4.710 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
47 46.579 32.936 20.831 14.730 12.027 10.416 7.366
6.015 5.210 4.661 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
46 46.081 32.584 20.608 14.572 11.898 10.304 7.287
5.950 5.154 4.611 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
45 45.577 32.228 20.383 14.413 11.768 10.192 7.207
5.885 5.098 4.561 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
44 45.068 31.868 20.155 14.252 11.637 10.078 7.127
5.820 5.041 4.510 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
43 44.553 31.504 19.925 14.089 11.504 9.963 =
7.045
5.753 4.983 4.458 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
42 44.032 31.135 19.692 13.924 11.369 9.846 =
6.963
5.686 4.925 4.406 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
41 43.505 30.762 19.456 13.757 11.233 9.728 =
6.879
5.618 4.866 4.353 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
40 42.971 30.385 19.217 13.589 11.095 9.609 =
6.795
5.549 4.806 4.300 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
39 42.430 30.003 18.975 13.418 10.956 9.488 =
6.709
5.479 4.746 4.246 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
38 41.883 29.616 18.731 13.245 10.814 9.366 =
6.623
5.408 4.685 4.191 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
37 41.328 29.223 18.482 13.069 10.671 9.241 =
6.535
5.337 4.622 4.135 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
36 40.766 28.826 18.231 12.891 10.526 9.116 =
6.446
5.264 4.560 4.079 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
35 40.195 28.423 17.976 12.711 10.379 8.988 =
6.356
5.190 4.496 4.022 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
34 39.617 28.014 17.717 12.528 10.229 8.859 =
6.265
5.116 4.431 3.964 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
33 39.030 27.598 17.455 12.342 10.078 8.728 =
6.172
5.040 4.365 3.905 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
32 38.434 27.177 17.188 12.154 9.924 8.594 =
6.078
4.963 4.299 3.846 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
31 37.829 26.749 16.918 11.963 9.768 8.459 =
5.982
4.885 4.231 3.785 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
30 37.214 26.314 16.643 11.768 9.609 8.321 =
5.885
4.805 4.162 3.724 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
29 36.588 25.872 16.363 11.570 9.447 8.182 =
5.786
4.725 4.092 3.661 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
28 35.952 25.422 16.078 11.369 9.283 8.039 =
5.685
4.642 4.021 3.597 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
27 35.304 24.964 15.788 11.164 9.116 7.894 =
5.583
4.559 3.949 3.533 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
26 34.644 24.497 15.493 10.956 8.945 7.747 =
5.478
4.474 3.875 3.467 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
25 33.971 24.021 15.192 10.743 8.771 7.596 =
5.372
4.387 3.800 3.399 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
24 33.285 23.536 14.886 10.526 8.594 7.443 =
5.263
4.298 3.723 3.331 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
23 32.584 23.041 14.572 10.304 8.413 7.286 =
5.153
4.208 3.645 3.260 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
22 31.868 22.534 14.252 10.078 8.228 7.126 =
5.039
4.115 3.564 3.189 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
21 31.135 22.016 13.924 9.846 8.039 6.962 =
4.923
4.020 3.482 3.116 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
20 30.385 21.485 13.589 9.609 7.845 6.794 =
4.805
3.924 3.399 3.040 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
19 29.616 20.941 13.245 9.365 7.647 6.622 =
4.683
3.824 3.312 2.963 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
18 28.826 20.383 12.891 9.116 7.443 6.446 =
4.558
3.722 3.224 2.884 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
17 28.014 19.809 12.528 8.859 7.233 6.264 =
4.430
3.617 3.133 2.803 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
16 27.177 19.217 12.154 8.594 7.017 6.077 =
4.298
3.509 3.040 2.719 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
15 26.314 18.607 11.768 8.321 6.794 5.884 =
4.161
3.398 2.943 2.633 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
14 25.422 17.976 11.369 8.039 6.564 5.685 =
4.020
3.283 2.843 2.544 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
13 24.497 17.322 10.955 7.747 6.325 5.478 =
3.874
3.163 2.740 2.451 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
12 23.536 16.643 10.526 7.443 6.077 5.263 =
3.722
3.039 2.632 2.355 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
11 22.534 15.934 10.078 7.126 5.818 5.039 =
3.563
2.910 2.520 2.255 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
10 21.485 15.192 9.609 6.794 5.548 4.804 =
3.397
2.774 2.403 2.150 6.283185307 980 8.73E-04
0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535 0.013089596
0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956 =
0.069756474
0.087155743
9 20.383 14.413 9.115 6.446 5.263 4.558
3.223 2.632 2.280 2.040 6.283185307 980
8.73E-04 0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535
0.013089596 0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956
0.069756474 0.087155743
8 19.217 13.589 8.594 6.077 4.962 4.297
3.039 2.481 2.149 1.923 6.283185307 980
8.73E-04 0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535
0.013089596 0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956
0.069756474 0.087155743
7 17.976 12.711 8.039 5.685 4.641 4.020
2.843 2.321 2.011 1.799 6.283185307 980
8.73E-04 0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535
0.013089596 0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956
0.069756474 0.087155743
6 16.643 11.768 7.443 5.263 4.297 3.721
2.632 2.149 1.861 1.665 6.283185307 980
8.73E-04 0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535
0.013089596 0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956
0.069756474 0.087155743
5 15.192 10.743 6.794 4.804 3.923 3.397
2.402 1.962 1.699 1.520 6.283185307 980
8.73E-04 0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535
0.013089596 0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956
0.069756474 0.087155743
4 13.589 9.609 6.077 4.297 3.509 3.039
2.149 1.755 1.520 1.360 6.283185307 980
8.73E-04 0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535
0.013089596 0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956
0.069756474 0.087155743
3 11.768 8.321 5.263 3.721 3.039 2.631
1.861 1.520 1.316 1.178 6.283185307 980
8.73E-04 0.001745328 0.004363309 0.008726535
0.013089596 0.017452406 0.034899497 0.052335956
0.069756474 0.087155743
=20
=20
=20
=20
=20
If the 24cm long boom with a natural =
period
of 14.886 is tilted .0000001 or 1 micron the boom displacement would =
be
..2143 CM
14.886 221.5792
microns cm of movement
1 0.214316064
2 0.428632129
3 0.857264258
4 0.857264258
5 1.071580322
6 1.285896387
7 1.500212451
8 1.714528516
9 1.92884458
10 2.143160645
11 2.357476709
12 2.571792774
13 2.786108838
14 3.000424902
15 3.214740967
16 3.429057031
17 3.643373096
18 3.85768916
19 4.072005225
20 4.286321289
21 4.500637354
22 4.714953418
23 4.929269483
24 5.143585547
25 5.357901611
26 5.572217676
=20
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of JAMES RIDOUT
Sent: Thursday, May 07, 2009 10:41 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
=20
Jon,
I found it very confusing when setting the period for my =
seismograph,
and for a=20
long time took the period to be the time it takes the arm to swing from =
one
side to the
other.( I could never get much more than 10 seconds)!!.
But apparently I am wrong, The period is the time it takes for the arm =
to
swing
past the same point in the same direction twice. So if you hold the arm
towards you
and let it go, as it passes the centre, start a stopwatch, then let the =
arm
go to the other side,
then back towards you , and as it passes the centre again press stop. =
This
is the period.
Anyone please correct me if I am wrong. !!.
James
--- On Fri, 8/5/09, J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........> wrote:
From: J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........>
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Friday, 8 May, 2009, 2:08 AM
Hi all
=20
I got the period down to 6 seconds at the lower end, but at 4 seconds
the high end. But I have to do it adjust the period really slowly. I am
not sure what I can detect at 6 seconds.
=20
Geoffrey, I know what you mean. I am trying to understand something in a
diffrent language and am trying to understand something that I have not
got a big traning on.
=20
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
=20
On fim, 2009-05-07 at 17:04 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> Gee, I believe this to be one of those
> garden gate seismometers.
> I always thought of it as a modified
> pendulum changing the acceleration of gravity
> in a trigonometric fashion.
> This means the mass is the lowest point on the lever arm
> or you can not have stability.
> It manipulates the pull of gravity
> like Sine or Cosine of the angle relative
> to horizontal.
> I believe you guys are thinking much more
> complex then myself.
> You more than likely will never
> take souls like me very serious.
> Sort of like Rodney Dangerfield ???
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
> Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>=20
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. =
I
> hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seconds =
period
> at most.
>=20
> The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way to
> increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom down or
> up ? Or do I have to do something else.
>=20
> Regards.
=20
__________________________________________________________
=20
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
=20
=20
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<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>No need your correct. There are a few other tricks you =
can add.
I pull the are back with a light cotton string or even thread and then =
let go
of one end and pull it out of the way. In this way you don’t add =
any
additional energy or vibration. The second method works well when the =
box is
sealed and you want to check the period. With the D/A recording walk up =
to the
device and stand there for 20-30 seconds and then step back a couple of =
yards.
This is the WUWA test others’ have talked about on this list. Walk =
Up Walk
Away. This send most Lehman’s in motion and allows the operator a =
method
for checking to see f the device is operational and what the dampened =
period
is. =A0This might also help. I have pasted a chart below and if you =
email me I’ll
send you the excel version. This is the natural period table I made from =
a
calculation I think came from Shan a longtime ago. =A0The heading is in =
the upper
section and ran from A1 to W1. The 100 second line ran from C1 to W1 and =
so on.
I use the chart to determine how much tilt is set on my device when I =
adjust
the period. I have a 30-in boom length on my Lehman and =A0normally =
setup a 12-14
second period which means the angle on the boom is between .25 to =A0.5 =
degrees. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Regards, Steve Hammond PSN San Jose, Aptos CA. =
</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href=3D"http://www.PublicSeismicNetwork.Com">http://www.PublicSeismicNetw=
ork.com</a></span><span
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497=
D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Boom length=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural period @ .05 =
degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural
Period @ .1 degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural Period @ .25 =
degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural Period @
..5 degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural Period @ .75 =
degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural Period @ 1 =
degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural
Period @ 2 degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural =
Period @ 3 degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural
Period @ 4 degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Natural Period @ 5 =
degree=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2*pi=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980CM/sec^2=A0=A0=A0 =
..05
degree sine .1 degree sign=A0=A0=A0 .25 sine .5 sine=A0=A0 .75 degree =
sine 1 degree sine =A0=A0=A0 2
degree sine=A0=A0=A0=A0 3 degree sine=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 4 degree =
sine=A0=A0=A0=A0 5 degree sine<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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color:#1F497D'>100=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 67.943=A0=A0 48.043=A0=A0 =
30.385=A0=A0 21.486=A0=A0 17.543=A0=A0 15.193=A0=A0 10.744=A0=A0 =
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0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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color:#1F497D'>99=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 67.602=A0=A0 =
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10.690=A0=A0 8.729=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.561=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.765=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>98=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 67.260=A0=A0 =
47.560=A0=A0 30.080=A0=A0 21.270=A0=A0 17.367=A0=A0 15.040=A0=A0 =
10.636=A0=A0 8.685=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.523=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.730=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>97=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 66.916=A0=A0 =
47.317=A0=A0 29.926=A0=A0 21.161=A0=A0 17.278=A0=A0 14.963=A0=A0 =
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8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
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0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>96=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 66.570=A0=A0 =
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6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
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color:#1F497D'>95=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 66.222=A0=A0 =
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
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color:#1F497D'>94=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 65.873=A0=A0 =
46.579=A0=A0 29.459=A0=A0 20.831=A0=A0 17.009=A0=A0 14.730=A0=A0 =
10.416=A0=A0 8.506=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.368=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.591=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>93=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 65.522=A0=A0 =
46.331=A0=A0 29.302=A0=A0 20.720=A0=A0 16.918=A0=A0 14.651=A0=A0 =
10.361=A0=A0 8.461=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.329=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.556=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>92=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 65.168=A0=A0 =
46.081=A0=A0 29.144=A0=A0 20.608=A0=A0 16.827=A0=A0 14.572=A0=A0 =
10.305=A0=A0 8.415=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.289=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.521=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>91=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 64.813=A0=A0 =
45.830=A0=A0 28.985=A0=A0 20.496=A0=A0 16.735=A0=A0 14.493=A0=A0 =
10.249=A0=A0 8.369=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.249=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.485=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>90=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 64.456=A0=A0 =
45.577=A0=A0 28.826=A0=A0 20.383=A0=A0 16.643=A0=A0 14.413=A0=A0 =
10.192=A0=A0 8.323=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.209=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.450=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>89=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 64.097=A0=A0 =
45.323=A0=A0 28.665=A0=A0 20.269=A0=A0 16.550=A0=A0 14.333=A0=A0 =
10.136=A0=A0 8.277=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.169=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.414=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>88=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 63.736=A0=A0 =
45.068=A0=A0 28.504=A0=A0 20.155=A0=A0 16.457=A0=A0 14.252=A0=A0 =
10.079=A0=A0 8.230=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.129=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.378=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>87=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 63.373=A0=A0 =
44.811=A0=A0 28.341=A0=A0 20.040=A0=A0 16.363=A0=A0 14.171=A0=A0 =
10.021=A0=A0 8.183=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.088=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.341=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>86=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 63.008=A0=A0 =
44.553=A0=A0 28.178=A0=A0 19.925=A0=A0 16.269=A0=A0 14.089=A0=A0 =
9.963=A0=A0=A0=A0 8.136=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.047=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.305=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>85=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 62.640=A0=A0 =
44.293=A0=A0 28.014=A0=A0 19.809=A0=A0 16.174=A0=A0 14.007=A0=A0 =
9.905=A0=A0=A0=A0 8.089=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.006=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.268=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>84=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 62.271=A0=A0 =
44.032=A0=A0 27.848=A0=A0 19.692=A0=A0 16.078=A0=A0 13.924=A0=A0 =
9.847=A0=A0=A0=A0 8.041=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.965=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.231=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>83=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 61.899=A0=A0 =
43.769=A0=A0 27.682=A0=A0 19.574=A0=A0 15.982=A0=A0 13.841=A0=A0 =
9.788=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.993=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.923=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.194=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>82=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 61.525=A0=A0 =
43.505=A0=A0 27.515=A0=A0 19.456=A0=A0 15.886=A0=A0 13.758=A0=A0 =
9.729=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.945=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.881=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.156=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>81=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 61.148=A0=A0 =
43.239=A0=A0 27.346=A0=A0 19.337=A0=A0 15.789=A0=A0 13.674=A0=A0 =
9.669=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.896=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.839=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.119=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>80=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 60.770=A0=A0 =
42.971=A0=A0 27.177=A0=A0 19.217=A0=A0 15.691=A0=A0 13.589=A0=A0 =
9.610=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.847=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.797=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.081=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>79=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 60.389=A0=A0 =
42.701=A0=A0 27.007=A0=A0 19.097=A0=A0 15.593=A0=A0 13.504=A0=A0 =
9.549=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.798=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.754=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.043=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>78=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 60.005=A0=A0 =
42.430=A0=A0 26.835=A0=A0 18.975=A0=A0 15.494=A0=A0 13.418=A0=A0 =
9.489=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.748=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.712=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.004=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>77=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 59.620=A0=A0 =
42.157=A0=A0 26.663=A0=A0 18.853=A0=A0 15.394=A0=A0 13.332=A0=A0 =
9.428=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.699=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.668=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.966=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>76=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 59.231=A0=A0 =
41.883=A0=A0 26.489=A0=A0 18.731=A0=A0 15.294=A0=A0 13.245=A0=A0 =
9.366=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.648=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.625=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.927=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>75=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 58.840=A0=A0 =
41.606=A0=A0 26.314=A0=A0 18.607=A0=A0 15.193=A0=A0 13.157=A0=A0 =
9.304=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.598=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.581=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.888=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>74=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 58.447=A0=A0 =
41.328=A0=A0 26.138=A0=A0 18.483=A0=A0 15.091=A0=A0 13.069=A0=A0 =
9.242=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.547=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.537=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.848=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>73=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 58.050=A0=A0 =
41.048=A0=A0 25.961=A0=A0 18.357=A0=A0 14.989=A0=A0 12.981=A0=A0 =
9.179=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.496=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.493=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.809=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>72=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 57.651=A0=A0 =
40.766=A0=A0 25.783=A0=A0 18.231=A0=A0 14.886=A0=A0 12.892=A0=A0 =
9.116=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.444=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.448=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.769=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>71=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 57.250=A0=A0 =
40.482=A0=A0 25.603=A0=A0 18.104=A0=A0 14.782=A0=A0 12.802=A0=A0 =
9.053=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.393=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.403=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.729=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>70=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 56.845=A0=A0 =
40.195=A0=A0 25.422=A0=A0 17.976=A0=A0 14.678=A0=A0 12.711=A0=A0 =
8.989=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.340=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.358=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.688=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>69=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 56.437=A0=A0 =
39.907=A0=A0 25.240=A0=A0 17.847=A0=A0 14.572=A0=A0 12.620=A0=A0 =
8.924=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.288=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.312=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.647=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>68=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 56.027=A0=A0 =
39.617=A0=A0 25.056=A0=A0 17.717=A0=A0 14.466=A0=A0 12.528=A0=A0 =
8.860=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.235=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.267=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.606=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>67=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 55.614=A0=A0 =
39.325=A0=A0 24.871=A0=A0 17.587=A0=A0 14.360=A0=A0 12.436=A0=A0 =
8.794=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.181=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.220=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.565=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>66=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 55.197=A0=A0 =
39.030=A0=A0 24.685=A0=A0 17.455=A0=A0 14.252=A0=A0 12.343=A0=A0 =
8.728=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.128=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.174=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.523=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>65=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 54.777=A0=A0 =
38.733=A0=A0 24.497=A0=A0 17.322=A0=A0 14.144=A0=A0 12.249=A0=A0 =
8.662=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.073=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.127=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.481=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>64=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 54.354=A0=A0 =
38.434=A0=A0 24.308=A0=A0 17.188=A0=A0 14.034=A0=A0 12.154=A0=A0 =
8.595=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.019=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.079=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.439=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>63=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 53.928=A0=A0 =
38.133=A0=A0 24.117=A0=A0 17.054=A0=A0 13.924=A0=A0 12.059=A0=A0 =
8.528=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.964=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.032=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.396=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>62=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 53.498=A0=A0 =
37.829=A0=A0 23.925=A0=A0 16.918=A0=A0 13.813=A0=A0 11.963=A0=A0 =
8.460=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.908=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.984=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.353=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>61=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 53.065=A0=A0 =
37.523=A0=A0 23.731=A0=A0 16.781=A0=A0 13.702=A0=A0 11.866=A0=A0 =
8.391=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.852=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.935=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.310=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>60=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 52.628=A0=A0 =
37.214=A0=A0 23.536=A0=A0 16.643=A0=A0 13.589=A0=A0 11.768=A0=A0 =
8.322=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.796=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.886=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.266=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>59=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 52.188=A0=A0 =
36.902=A0=A0 23.339=A0=A0 16.503=A0=A0 13.475=A0=A0 11.670=A0=A0 =
8.252=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.739=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.837=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.222=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>58=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 51.744=A0=A0 =
36.588=A0=A0 23.141=A0=A0 16.363=A0=A0 13.360=A0=A0 11.571=A0=A0 =
8.182=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.682=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.787=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.178=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>57=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 51.296=A0=A0 =
36.272=A0=A0 22.940=A0=A0 16.221=A0=A0 13.245=A0=A0 11.470=A0=A0 =
8.111=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.624=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.737=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.133=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>56=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 50.844=A0=A0 =
35.952=A0=A0 22.738=A0=A0 16.078=A0=A0 13.128=A0=A0 11.369=A0=A0 =
8.040=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.565=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.687=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.088=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>55=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 50.388=A0=A0 =
35.629=A0=A0 22.534=A0=A0 15.934=A0=A0 13.010=A0=A0 11.267=A0=A0 =
7.968=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.507=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.636=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.042=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>54=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 49.928=A0=A0 =
35.304=A0=A0 22.328=A0=A0 15.789=A0=A0 12.891=A0=A0 11.164=A0=A0 =
7.895=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.447=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.584=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.996=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>53=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 49.463=A0=A0 =
34.976=A0=A0 22.121=A0=A0 15.642=A0=A0 12.771=A0=A0 11.061=A0=A0 =
7.822=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.387=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.532=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.949=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>52=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 48.994=A0=A0 =
34.644=A0=A0 21.911=A0=A0 15.493=A0=A0 12.650=A0=A0 10.956=A0=A0 =
7.747=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.327=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.480=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.903=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>51=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 48.521=A0=A0 =
34.309=A0=A0 21.699=A0=A0 15.344=A0=A0 12.528=A0=A0 10.850=A0=A0 =
7.673=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.265=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.427=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.855=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>50=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 48.043=A0=A0 =
33.971=A0=A0 21.485=A0=A0 15.193=A0=A0 12.405=A0=A0 10.743=A0=A0 =
7.597=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.204=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.374=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.807=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>49=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 47.560=A0=A0 =
33.630=A0=A0 21.269=A0=A0 15.040=A0=A0 12.280=A0=A0 10.635=A0=A0 =
7.521=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.141=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.320=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.759=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>48=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 47.072=A0=A0 =
33.285=A0=A0 21.051=A0=A0 14.886=A0=A0 12.154=A0=A0 10.526=A0=A0 =
7.444=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.078=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.265=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.710=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>47=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 46.579=A0=A0 =
32.936=A0=A0 20.831=A0=A0 14.730=A0=A0 12.027=A0=A0 10.416=A0=A0 =
7.366=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.015=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.210=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.661=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>46=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 46.081=A0=A0 =
32.584=A0=A0 20.608=A0=A0 14.572=A0=A0 11.898=A0=A0 10.304=A0=A0 =
7.287=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.950=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.154=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.611=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>45=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 45.577=A0=A0 =
32.228=A0=A0 20.383=A0=A0 14.413=A0=A0 11.768=A0=A0 10.192=A0=A0 =
7.207=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.885=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.098=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.561=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>44=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 45.068=A0=A0 =
31.868=A0=A0 20.155=A0=A0 14.252=A0=A0 11.637=A0=A0 10.078=A0=A0 =
7.127=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.820=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.041=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.510=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>43=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 44.553=A0=A0 =
31.504=A0=A0 19.925=A0=A0 14.089=A0=A0 11.504=A0=A0 9.963=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
7.045=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.753=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.983=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.458=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>42=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 44.032=A0=A0 =
31.135=A0=A0 19.692=A0=A0 13.924=A0=A0 11.369=A0=A0 9.846=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.963=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.686=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.925=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.406=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>41=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 43.505=A0=A0 =
30.762=A0=A0 19.456=A0=A0 13.757=A0=A0 11.233=A0=A0 9.728=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.879=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.618=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.866=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.353=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>40=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 42.971=A0=A0 =
30.385=A0=A0 19.217=A0=A0 13.589=A0=A0 11.095=A0=A0 9.609=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.795=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.549=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.806=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.300=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>39=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 42.430=A0=A0 =
30.003=A0=A0 18.975=A0=A0 13.418=A0=A0 10.956=A0=A0 9.488=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.709=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.479=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.746=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.246=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>38=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 41.883=A0=A0 =
29.616=A0=A0 18.731=A0=A0 13.245=A0=A0 10.814=A0=A0 9.366=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.623=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.408=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.685=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.191=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>37=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 41.328=A0=A0 =
29.223=A0=A0 18.482=A0=A0 13.069=A0=A0 10.671=A0=A0 9.241=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.535=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.337=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.622=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.135=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>36=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 40.766=A0=A0 =
28.826=A0=A0 18.231=A0=A0 12.891=A0=A0 10.526=A0=A0 9.116=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.446=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.264=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.560=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.079=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>35=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 40.195=A0=A0 =
28.423=A0=A0 17.976=A0=A0 12.711=A0=A0 10.379=A0=A0 8.988=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.356=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.190=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.496=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.022=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>34=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 39.617=A0=A0 =
28.014=A0=A0 17.717=A0=A0 12.528=A0=A0 10.229=A0=A0 8.859=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.265=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.116=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.431=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.964=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>33=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 39.030=A0=A0 =
27.598=A0=A0 17.455=A0=A0 12.342=A0=A0 10.078=A0=A0 8.728=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.172=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.040=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.365=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.905=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>32=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 38.434=A0=A0 =
27.177=A0=A0 17.188=A0=A0 12.154=A0=A0 9.924=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.594=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.078=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.963=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.299=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.846=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>31=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 37.829=A0=A0 =
26.749=A0=A0 16.918=A0=A0 11.963=A0=A0 9.768=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.459=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.982=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.885=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.231=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.785=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>30=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 37.214=A0=A0 =
26.314=A0=A0 16.643=A0=A0 11.768=A0=A0 9.609=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.321=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.885=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.805=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.162=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.724=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>29=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 36.588=A0=A0 =
25.872=A0=A0 16.363=A0=A0 11.570=A0=A0 9.447=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.182=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.786=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.725=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.092=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.661=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>28=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 35.952=A0=A0 =
25.422=A0=A0 16.078=A0=A0 11.369=A0=A0 9.283=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.685=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.642=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.021=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.597=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>27=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 35.304=A0=A0 =
24.964=A0=A0 15.788=A0=A0 11.164=A0=A0 9.116=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
7.894=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.583=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.559=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.949=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.533=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>26=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 34.644=A0=A0 =
24.497=A0=A0 15.493=A0=A0 10.956=A0=A0 8.945=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
7.747=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.478=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.474=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.875=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.467=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>25=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 33.971=A0=A0 =
24.021=A0=A0 15.192=A0=A0 10.743=A0=A0 8.771=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
7.596=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.372=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.387=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.800=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.399=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>24=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 33.285=A0=A0 =
23.536=A0=A0 14.886=A0=A0 10.526=A0=A0 8.594=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
7.443=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.263=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.298=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.723=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.331=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>23=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 32.584=A0=A0 =
23.041=A0=A0 14.572=A0=A0 10.304=A0=A0 8.413=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
7.286=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.153=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.208=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.645=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.260=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>22=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 31.868=A0=A0 =
22.534=A0=A0 14.252=A0=A0 10.078=A0=A0 8.228=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
7.126=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.115=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.564=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.189=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>21=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 31.135=A0=A0 =
22.016=A0=A0 13.924=A0=A0 9.846=A0=A0=A0=A0 8.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.962=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.923=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.020=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.482=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.116=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>20=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 30.385=A0=A0 =
21.485=A0=A0 13.589=A0=A0 9.609=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.845=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.794=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.805=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.924=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.399=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.040=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>19=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 29.616=A0=A0 =
20.941=A0=A0 13.245=A0=A0 9.365=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.647=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.622=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.683=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.824=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.312=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.963=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>18=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 28.826=A0=A0 =
20.383=A0=A0 12.891=A0=A0 9.116=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.443=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.446=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.558=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.722=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.224=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.884=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>17=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 28.014=A0=A0 =
19.809=A0=A0 12.528=A0=A0 8.859=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.233=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.264=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.430=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.617=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.133=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.803=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>16=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 27.177=A0=A0 =
19.217=A0=A0 12.154=A0=A0 8.594=A0=A0=A0=A0 7.017=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
6.077=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.298=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.509=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.040=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.719=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>15=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 26.314=A0=A0 =
18.607=A0=A0 11.768=A0=A0 8.321=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.794=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
5.884=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.161=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.398=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.943=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.633=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>14=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 25.422=A0=A0 =
17.976=A0=A0 11.369=A0=A0 8.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.564=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
5.685=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.020=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.283=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.843=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.544=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>13=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 24.497=A0=A0 =
17.322=A0=A0 10.955=A0=A0 7.747=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.325=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
5.478=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.874=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.163=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.740=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.451=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>12=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 23.536=A0=A0 =
16.643=A0=A0 10.526=A0=A0 7.443=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.077=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
5.263=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.722=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.632=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.355=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>11=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 22.534=A0=A0 =
15.934=A0=A0 10.078=A0=A0 7.126=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.818=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
5.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.563=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.910=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.520=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.255=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>10=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 21.485=A0=A0 =
15.192=A0=A0 9.609=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.794=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.548=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
4.804=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.397=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.774=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.403=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.150=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>9=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 20.383=A0=A0 =
14.413=A0=A0 9.115=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.446=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.263=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
4.558=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.223=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.632=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.280=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.040=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>8=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 19.217=A0=A0 =
13.589=A0=A0 8.594=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.077=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.962=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
4.297=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.481=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.149=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
1.923=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>7=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 17.976=A0=A0 =
12.711=A0=A0 8.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.685=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.641=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
4.020=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.843=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.321=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.011=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
1.799=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>6=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 16.643=A0=A0 =
11.768=A0=A0 7.443=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.263=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.297=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.721=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.632=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.149=A0=A0=A0=A0 1.861=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
1.665=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>5=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 15.192=A0=A0 =
10.743=A0=A0 6.794=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.804=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.923=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.397=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.402=A0=A0=A0=A0 1.962=A0=A0=A0=A0 1.699=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
1.520=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>4=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 13.589=A0=A0 =
9.609=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.077=A0=A0=A0=A0 4.297=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.509=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 2.149=A0=A0=A0=A0 1.755=A0=A0=A0=A0 1.520=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
1.360=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>3=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 11.768=A0=A0 =
8.321=A0=A0=A0=A0 5.263=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.721=A0=A0=A0=A0 3.039=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2.631=A0=A0=A0=A0 1.861=A0=A0=A0=A0 1.520=A0=A0=A0=A0 1.316=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
1.178=A0=A0=A0=A0 6.283185307=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
980=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
8.73E-04=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.001745328=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.004363309=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.008726535=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.013089596=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.017452406=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.034899497=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.052335956=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.069756474=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 0.087155743<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 If the 24cm long boom with a
natural period of 14.886 is tilted .0000001=A0 or 1 micron=A0 the boom =
displacement
would be .2143 =
CM=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 14.886=A0=A0 =
221.5792=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
microns=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 cm of
movement=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
1=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.214316064=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
2=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.428632129=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
3=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
0.857264258=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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7=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
1.500212451=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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8=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
1.714528516=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
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2.143160645=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 =
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
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5.572217676=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
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=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=
=A0=A0 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt =
0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span>=
</b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... <b>On =
Behalf
Of </b>JAMES RIDOUT<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, May 07, 2009 10:41 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> psn-l@..............<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter =
?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<table class=3DMsoNormalTable border=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 =
cellpadding=3D0>
<tr>
<td valign=3Dtop style=3D'padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Jon,<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> I found it very =
confusing
when setting the period for my seismograph, and for a <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>long time took the period to be the time it takes =
the arm
to swing from one side to the<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>other.( I could never get much more than 10 =
seconds)!!.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> But apparently I am wrong, The period is =
the time it
takes for the arm to swing<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>past the <u>same point</u> in the <u>same</u> =
<u>direction
twice</u>. So if you hold the arm towards you<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> and let it go, as it passes the centre, =
start a
stopwatch, then let the arm go to the other =
side,<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>then back towards you , and as it passes the =
centre again
press stop. This is the period.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> Anyone please correct me if I am wrong. =
!!.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p =
class=3DMsoNormal> &=
nbsp; &n=
bsp; &nb=
sp; &nbs=
p;  =
;
James<br>
<br>
--- On <b>Fri, 8/5/09, J=F3n Fr=EDmann =
<i><jonfr@.........></i></b> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<blockquote style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #1010FF =
1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt;
margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'>From: J=F3n =
Fr=EDmann
<jonfr@.........><br>
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?<br>
To: psn-l@..............<br>
Date: Friday, 8 May, 2009, 2:08 AM<o:p></o:p></p>
<pre>Hi all<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>I got the =
period down to 6 seconds at the lower end, but at 4 =
seconds<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>the high end. But I have to do it adjust =
the period really slowly. I am<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>not sure what I can =
detect at 6 =
seconds.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Geoffrey, I =
know what you mean. I am trying to understand something in =
a<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>diffrent language and am trying to understand =
something that I have not<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>got a big traning =
on.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Regards.<o:p></o:p><=
/pre><pre>J=F3n =
Fr=EDmann.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>On fim, =
2009-05-07 at 17:04 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> =
Gee, I believe this to be one of those<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> garden =
gate seismometers.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> I always thought of it as a =
modified<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> pendulum changing the acceleration of =
gravity<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> in a trigonometric =
fashion.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> This means the mass is the lowest =
point on the lever arm<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> or you can not have =
stability.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> It manipulates the pull of =
gravity<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> like Sine or Cosine of the angle =
relative<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> to =
horizontal.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> I believe you guys are thinking =
much more<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> complex then =
myself.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> You more than likely will =
never<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> take souls like me very =
serious.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> Sort of like Rodney Dangerfield =
???<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> ----- Original =
Message ----- <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> From: "J=F3n =
Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> To: =
"PSN-Postlist" =
<PSN-L@..............><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> Sent: Wednesday, =
May 06, 2009 7:54 PM<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> Subject: Incresing the =
period of a lehmans seismomter ?<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> =
<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> Hi =
all<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> Tomorrow I am =
going to make the final changes to my lehman seismomter. =
I<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> hope that this changes make the seismomter =
get down to 20 seconds period<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> at =
most.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> The only =
thing that I need to know is this. What is the best way =
to<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> increase the period of my lehman seismomter =
? Moving the boom down or<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> up ? Or do I have to =
do something else.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>> =
Regards.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>_______________=
___________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p>&nb=
sp;</o:p></pre><pre>Public Seismic Network Mailing List =
(PSN-L)<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>To leave this =
list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>the =
body of the message (first line only): =
unsubscribe<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>See =
http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more =
information.<o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> =
</o:p></span></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Subject: Ocean microseismic
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Fri, 08 May 2009 20:11:01 +0000
Hi all
I am decting ocean microseismic with my lehman seismometer according to
this web page.
A qoute from the web page.
"Microseisms are omnipresent energy recorded by seismometers over a
broad range of periods. Oceanic microseisms are a particularly energetic
type of microseisms occurring in the frequency band of 0.1=E2=80=931.0=E2=
=80=8AHz, and
usually dominated by wave periods of 5=E2=80=937=E2=80=8As, which are assoc=
iated with
high ocean waves of half their frequency. In a fundamental paper,
Longuet-Higgins (1950) showed that the corresponding ocean surface wave=E2=
=80=93
wave interaction could, under suitable conditions, cause pressure
oscillations at double the frequency of the ocean waves, resulting in
seismic wave generation at the ocean floor. It was shown that at shallow
depths, where the propagation time of a compression wave from the ocean
surface to the bottom is small relative to the ocean wave period, the
compressibility of the water can be ignored, resulting in a simple
formulation of the pressure forcing function. This incompressible
formulation of the theory was verified in laboratory experiments on
periodic surface gravity waves by Cooper & Longuet-Higgins (1951), and
numerous studies have used the theory to confirm the causal relationship
between the ocean and the seismic waves that they generate at double
their frequencies."
The artical can be read here.
http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/464/2091/777.full
I live less then 800 meters from the ocean, so that signal is quite
strong on my sensor, as it peaks at 0.1Hz.
What I do wonder, will this have any effects on detecting earthquakes ?
Regards.
--=20
J=C3=B3n Fr=C3=ADmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Opinion on my lehman signal
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sat, 09 May 2009 03:47:42 +0000
Hi all
I want your opinions on my lehmans seismomter signals as they are on the
web page. I have lowpass filtered the signal down to 0.05Hz (20
seconds), but the noise in the area is really high. It even shows up on
my 4.5Hz sensor at 0.1Hz frequancy.
My earthquake web page is here.
http://www.simnet.is/jonfr500/earthquake/tremoren.htm
I am waiting for a earthquake to see if I can use this. I hope so.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sat, 09 May 2009 23:28:18 +0000
Hi all
Thanks for the help of the weeks. I could not have fixed the issues with
out you all.
I am still having minor issues adjusting the period of my lehman sensor.
I am not sure if I have to move the boom up or down to increase the
period of my sensor.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On f=F6s, 2009-05-08 at 05:41 +0000, JAMES RIDOUT wrote:
> Jon,
> I found it very confusing when setting the period for my
> seismograph, and for a=20
> long time took the period to be the time it takes the arm to swing
> from one side to the
> other.( I could never get much more than 10 seconds)!!.
> But apparently I am wrong, The period is the time it takes for the
> arm to swing
> past the same point in the same direction twice. So if you hold the
> arm towards you
> and let it go, as it passes the centre, start a stopwatch, then
> let the arm go to the other side,
> then back towards you , and as it passes the centre again press stop.
> This is the period.
> Anyone please correct me if I am wrong. !!.
> James
>=20
> --- On Fri, 8/5/09, J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........> wrote:
>=20
> From: J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........>
> Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
> To: psn-l@..............
> Date: Friday, 8 May, 2009, 2:08 AM
> =20
> Hi all
> =20
> I got the period down to 6 seconds at the lower end, but at 4 sec=
onds
> the high end. But I have to do it adjust the period really slowly=
.. I am
> not sure what I can detect at 6 seconds.
> =20
> Geoffrey, I know what you mean. I am trying to understand somethi=
ng in a
> diffrent language and am trying to understand something that I ha=
ve not
> got a big traning on.
> =20
> Regards.
> J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
> =20
> On fim, 2009-05-07 at 17:04 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> > Gee, I believe this to be one of those
> > garden gate seismometers.
> > I always thought of it as a modified
> > pendulum changing the acceleration of gravity
> > in a trigonometric fashion.
> > This means the mass is the lowest point on the lever arm
> > or you can not have stability.
> > It manipulates the pull of gravity
> > like Sine or Cosine of the angle relative
> > to horizontal.
> > I believe you guys are thinking much more
> > complex then myself.
> > You more than likely will never
> > take souls like me very serious.
> > Sort of like Rodney Dangerfield ???
> >=20
> > ----- Original Message -----=20
> > From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> > To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> > Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
> > Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
> >=20
> >=20
> > Hi all
> >=20
> > Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman seis=
momter. I
> > hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 secon=
ds period
> > at most.
> >=20
> > The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best wa=
y to
> > increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom d=
own or
> > up ? Or do I have to do something else.
> >=20
> > Regards.
> =20
> __________________________________________________________
> =20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
> =20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: Mark Robinson mark.robinson@...............
Date: Sun, 10 May 2009 11:59:06 +1200
Jón Frímann wrote:
> Hi all
>
> Thanks for the help of the weeks. I could not have fixed the issues with
> out you all.
>
> I am still having minor issues adjusting the period of my lehman sensor.
> I am not sure if I have to move the boom up or down to increase the
> period of my sensor.
>
> Regards.
> Jón Frímann.
Hi Jón,
It's not a matter of moving the boom up or down but of moving the axis closer
to vertical. The axis being the line through the two bearing points.
You are faced with the tradeoff of period versus stability
Looking at the pictures of your seismograph I see a few things I'd work on.
I'd like to see some triangulation between the vertical and horizontal parts of
the frame. Rigidity of the frame is critical for stability.
The turnbuckle looks a bit rough. Some dabs of weld on the hooked joins should
improve stability. I'd probably replace the whole arrangement with a single
piece of (at least partially threaded) rod.
All the best
Mark
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: shammon1@.............
Date: Sat, 9 May 2009 17:36:10 -0700 (GMT-07:00)
Try using a bubble level to know when the boom is level. Then tilt the end =
of the boom down, never up. I normally start by using a level to make sure =
the vertical upright is at zero degrees and then I level the boom. I then a=
dd about 1-5 degree of tile in the upper most point of the upright in the =
direction of the boom. I have three level screws the base plate and a machi=
ne screw in the end of the boom to make the adjustment.=20
Regards, Stve Hammond PSN San Jose Aptos, CA
-----Original Message-----
>From: J=C3=B3n Fr=C3=ADmann <jonfr@.........>
>Sent: May 9, 2009 4:28 PM
>To: psn-l@..............
>Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>
>Hi all
>
>Thanks for the help of the weeks. I could not have fixed the issues with
>out you all.
>
>I am still having minor issues adjusting the period of my lehman sensor.
>I am not sure if I have to move the boom up or down to increase the
>period of my sensor.
>
>Regards.
>J=C3=B3n Fr=C3=ADmann.
>
>On f=C3=B6s, 2009-05-08 at 05:41 +0000, JAMES RIDOUT wrote:
>> Jon,
>> I found it very confusing when setting the period for my
>> seismograph, and for a=20
>> long time took the period to be the time it takes the arm to swing
>> from one side to the
>> other.( I could never get much more than 10 seconds)!!.
>> But apparently I am wrong, The period is the time it takes for the
>> arm to swing
>> past the same point in the same direction twice. So if you hold the
>> arm towards you
>> and let it go, as it passes the centre, start a stopwatch, then
>> let the arm go to the other side,
>> then back towards you , and as it passes the centre again press stop.
>> This is the period.
>> Anyone please correct me if I am wrong. !!.
>> James
>>=20
>> --- On Fri, 8/5/09, J=C3=B3n Fr=C3=ADmann <jonfr@.........> wrote:
>>=20
>> From: J=C3=B3n Fr=C3=ADmann <jonfr@.........>
>> Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>> To: psn-l@..............
>> Date: Friday, 8 May, 2009, 2:08 AM
>> =20
>> Hi all
>> =20
>> I got the period down to 6 seconds at the lower end, but at 4 se=
conds
>> the high end. But I have to do it adjust the period really slowl=
y. I am
>> not sure what I can detect at 6 seconds.
>> =20
>> Geoffrey, I know what you mean. I am trying to understand someth=
ing in a
>> diffrent language and am trying to understand something that I h=
ave not
>> got a big traning on.
>> =20
>> Regards.
>> J=C3=B3n Fr=C3=ADmann.
>> =20
>> On fim, 2009-05-07 at 17:04 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
>> > Gee, I believe this to be one of those
>> > garden gate seismometers.
>> > I always thought of it as a modified
>> > pendulum changing the acceleration of gravity
>> > in a trigonometric fashion.
>> > This means the mass is the lowest point on the lever arm
>> > or you can not have stability.
>> > It manipulates the pull of gravity
>> > like Sine or Cosine of the angle relative
>> > to horizontal.
>> > I believe you guys are thinking much more
>> > complex then myself.
>> > You more than likely will never
>> > take souls like me very serious.
>> > Sort of like Rodney Dangerfield ???
>> >=20
>> > ----- Original Message -----=20
>> > From: "J=C3=B3n Fr=C3=ADmann" <jonfr@.........>
>> > To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
>> > Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
>> > Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
>> >=20
>> >=20
>> > Hi all
>> >=20
>> > Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman sei=
smomter. I
>> > hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 seco=
nds period
>> > at most.
>> >=20
>> > The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best w=
ay to
>> > increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boom =
down or
>> > up ? Or do I have to do something else.
>> >=20
>> > Regards.
>> =20
>> __________________________________________________________
>> =20
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>> =20
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
>> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information=
.
>
>
>__________________________________________________________
>
>Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
>To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
>the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sun, 10 May 2009 02:15:42 +0000
Hi
I will try to get a bubble level tomorrow. I can't get it at this hour.
With the current setup I can get a good signal at 15 seconds with the
software filtering, the main signal is at 0.1Hz (5 seconds). What can I
expect to detect at that period with my lehman seismomter ?
Here are pictures of the final setup. I have made some changes since I
last put pictures on the web.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100001.jpg.html (First
picture)
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On lau, 2009-05-09 at 17:36 -0700, shammon1@............. wrote:
> Try using a bubble level to know when the boom is level. Then tilt the en=
d of the boom down, never up. I normally start by using a level to make sur=
e the vertical upright is at zero degrees and then I level the boom. I then=
add about 1-5 degree of tile in the upper most point of the upright in th=
e direction of the boom. I have three level screws the base plate and a mac=
hine screw in the end of the boom to make the adjustment.=20
> Regards, Stve Hammond PSN San Jose Aptos, CA
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> >From: J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........>
> >Sent: May 9, 2009 4:28 PM
> >To: psn-l@..............
> >Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
> >
> >Hi all
> >
> >Thanks for the help of the weeks. I could not have fixed the issues with
> >out you all.
> >
> >I am still having minor issues adjusting the period of my lehman sensor.
> >I am not sure if I have to move the boom up or down to increase the
> >period of my sensor.
> >
> >Regards.
> >J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
> >
> >On f=F6s, 2009-05-08 at 05:41 +0000, JAMES RIDOUT wrote:
> >> Jon,
> >> I found it very confusing when setting the period for my
> >> seismograph, and for a=20
> >> long time took the period to be the time it takes the arm to swing
> >> from one side to the
> >> other.( I could never get much more than 10 seconds)!!.
> >> But apparently I am wrong, The period is the time it takes for the
> >> arm to swing
> >> past the same point in the same direction twice. So if you hold the
> >> arm towards you
> >> and let it go, as it passes the centre, start a stopwatch, then
> >> let the arm go to the other side,
> >> then back towards you , and as it passes the centre again press stop.
> >> This is the period.
> >> Anyone please correct me if I am wrong. !!.
> >> James
> >>=20
> >> --- On Fri, 8/5/09, J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........> wrote:
> >>=20
> >> From: J=F3n Fr=EDmann <jonfr@.........>
> >> Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
> >> To: psn-l@..............
> >> Date: Friday, 8 May, 2009, 2:08 AM
> >> =20
> >> Hi all
> >> =20
> >> I got the period down to 6 seconds at the lower end, but at 4 =
seconds
> >> the high end. But I have to do it adjust the period really slo=
wly. I am
> >> not sure what I can detect at 6 seconds.
> >> =20
> >> Geoffrey, I know what you mean. I am trying to understand some=
thing in a
> >> diffrent language and am trying to understand something that I=
have not
> >> got a big traning on.
> >> =20
> >> Regards.
> >> J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
> >> =20
> >> On fim, 2009-05-07 at 17:04 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> >> > Gee, I believe this to be one of those
> >> > garden gate seismometers.
> >> > I always thought of it as a modified
> >> > pendulum changing the acceleration of gravity
> >> > in a trigonometric fashion.
> >> > This means the mass is the lowest point on the lever arm
> >> > or you can not have stability.
> >> > It manipulates the pull of gravity
> >> > like Sine or Cosine of the angle relative
> >> > to horizontal.
> >> > I believe you guys are thinking much more
> >> > complex then myself.
> >> > You more than likely will never
> >> > take souls like me very serious.
> >> > Sort of like Rodney Dangerfield ???
> >> >=20
> >> > ----- Original Message -----=20
> >> > From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> >> > To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> >> > Sent: Wednesday, May 06, 2009 7:54 PM
> >> > Subject: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
> >> >=20
> >> >=20
> >> > Hi all
> >> >=20
> >> > Tomorrow I am going to make the final changes to my lehman s=
eismomter. I
> >> > hope that this changes make the seismomter get down to 20 se=
conds period
> >> > at most.
> >> >=20
> >> > The only thing that I need to know is this. What is the best=
way to
> >> > increase the period of my lehman seismomter ? Moving the boo=
m down or
> >> > up ? Or do I have to do something else.
> >> >=20
> >> > Regards.
> >> =20
> >> __________________________________________________________
> >> =20
> >> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
> >> =20
> >> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> >> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> >> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more informati=
on.
> >
> >
> >__________________________________________________________
> >
> >Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
> >
> >To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> >the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> >See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sat, 9 May 2009 23:44:13 EDT
In a message dated 10/05/2009, shammon1@............. writes:
Try using a bubble level to know when the boom is level. Then tilt the end
of the boom down, never up. I normally start by using a level to make sure
the vertical upright is at zero degrees and then I level the boom. I then
add about 1-5 degree of tilt in the upper most point of the upright in the
direction of the boom. I have three level screws the base plate and a
machine screw in the end of the boom to make the adjustment.
Regards, Stve Hammond
Hi Steve,
The period is not effected by the angle of the boom itself. It is the
angle between the local vertical and the line joining the two centres of
rotation which is critical for determining the period.
In
_http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototype.jpg_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototype.jpg) this line joins the centre of the 1/2" ball bearing on the upright
with the fine wire at the top where it is clamped by the edges of the brass
variable rotating clamp washers. The horizontal arm is set up parallel to
the base bar just for convenience.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 10/05/2009, shammon1@............. writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>Try
using a bubble level to know when the boom is level. Then tilt the end=
of the
boom down, never up. I normally start by using a level to make sure the=
vertical upright is at zero degrees and then I level the boom. I then ad=
d
about 1-5 degree of tilt in the upper most point of the upright in=
the
direction of the boom. I have three level screws the base plate and a ma=
chine
screw in the end of the boom to make the adjustment. <BR>Regards, Stve=
Hammond
</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Steve,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The period is not effected by the angle of th=
e boom
itself. It is the angle between the local vertical and the line joining th=
e two
centres of rotation which is critical for determining the period.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> In <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototy=
pe.jpg">http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototy=
pe.jpg</A> this
line joins the centre of the 1/2" ball bearing on the upright with
the fine wire at the top where it is clamped by the edges of the=
brass
variable rotating clamp washers. The horizontal arm is set up parallel to=
the
base bar just for convenience.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: RE: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: "Steve Hammond" shammon1@.............
Date: Sun, 10 May 2009 00:58:50 -0700
Hi Chris, I agree 100% and I think that's exactly what I said below. I'll
try to state it clearer. Make sure the vertical upright is at zero degree
and then adjust the boom so that it is level. Next add 1-5 degree of tile in
the upper most point of the upright (not the boom). This will change centre
of the line between the two joins. Did anybody ever mention that by changing
the centre line in the uprights the boom will actually lower at the mass end
and the boom needs to be leveled again? Regards, Steve
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of ChrisAtUpw@.......
Sent: Saturday, May 09, 2009 8:44 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
In a message dated 10/05/2009, shammon1@............. writes:
Try using a bubble level to know when the boom is level. Then tilt the end
of the boom down, never up. I normally start by using a level to make sure
the vertical upright is at zero degrees and then I level the boom. I then
add about 1-5 degree of tilt in the upper most point of the upright in the
direction of the boom. I have three level screws the base plate and a
machine screw in the end of the boom to make the adjustment.
Regards, Stve Hammond
Hi Steve,
The period is not effected by the angle of the boom itself. It is the
angle between the local vertical and the line joining the two centres of
rotation which is critical for determining the period.
In
http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototype.jpg
this line joins the centre of the 1/2" ball bearing on the upright with the
fine wire at the top where it is clamped by the edges of the brass variable
rotating clamp washers. The horizontal arm is set up parallel to the base
bar just for convenience.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
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<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Hi Chris, I agree 100% and I think that’s exactly =
what I
said below. I’ll try to state it clearer. Make sure the vertical =
upright
is at zero degree and then adjust the boom so that it is level. Next add =
1-5
degree of tile in the upper most point of the upright (not the boom). =
This will
change centre of the line between the two joins. Did anybody ever =
mention that
by changing the centre line in the uprights the boom will actually lower =
at the
mass end and the boom needs to be leveled again? Regards, =
Steve<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt =
0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span>=
</b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... <b>On =
Behalf
Of </b>ChrisAtUpw@.......<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, May 09, 2009 8:44 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> psn-l@..............<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter =
?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>In a message dated 10/05/2009, shammon1@............. =
writes:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<blockquote style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid blue =
1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt;
margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Try using a bubble level to know when the boom is level. =
Then tilt
the end of the boom down, never up. I normally start by using a level to =
make
sure the vertical upright is at zero degrees and then I level the boom. =
I then
add about 1-5 degree of tilt in the upper most point of the upright =
in the
direction of the boom. I have three level screws the base plate and a =
machine
screw in the end of the boom to make the adjustment. <br>
Regards, Stve Hammond <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Hi Steve,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> The period is not effected by the =
angle of
the boom itself. It is the angle between the local vertical and the line
joining the two centres of rotation which is critical for determining =
the
period.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> In <a
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_protot=
ype.jpg">http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_proto=
type.jpg</a> this
line joins the centre of the 1/2" ball bearing on the upright =
with
the fine wire at the top where it is clamped by the edges of =
the
brass variable rotating clamp washers. The horizontal arm is set up =
parallel to
the base bar just for convenience.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> Chris Chapman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Subject: Anti-Alize Filter Design Program
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Mon, 11 May 2009 17:47:01 -0700
Hello PSN folks;
I just put together a program to
help me design an active anti alize
Low Pass filter N=8 for whatever values
you might want to use. It is based upon
the filters and formulas located
in the ARRL handbook ( many generations
of that book). I will be glad to send it to
any PSN people as an attachment to Email
maybe 500KB attachment as a self extracting
RAR file with an EXE extension. I will not
password protect it if it is emailed directly to you.
I have modified the basic formulas to suit this
program and I believe it works quite nicely.
It seems to run on Win XP and Vista both 32 and 64 bit
as a 32 bit program. Send me your request and
I will email it to you no more questions asked.
Just use it for yourselves and do not try to
sell it to anyone for profit. I am not a pro
but just an amateur like yourselves.
TaTa;
geoff at GVA
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Pivots Re: Incresing the period of a lehmans seismomter ?
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Tue, 12 May 2009 20:13:11 -0700
Chris,
Do you have any close up pictures of your upper and lower pivots?
Rob
ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> In a message dated 10/05/2009, shammon1@............. writes:
>
> Try using a bubble level to know when the boom is level. Then tilt
> the end of the boom down, never up. I normally start by using a
> level to make sure the vertical upright is at zero degrees and
> then I level the boom. I then add about 1-5 degree of tilt in
> the upper most point of the upright in the direction of the boom.
> I have three level screws the base plate and a machine screw in
> the end of the boom to make the adjustment.
> Regards, Stve Hammond
>
> Hi Steve,
> The period is not effected by the angle of the boom itself. It is
> the angle between the local vertical and the line joining the two
> centres of rotation which is critical for determining the period.
> In
> http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototype.jpg this
> line joins the centre of the 1/2" ball bearing on the upright with
> the fine wire at the top where it is clamped by the edges of the brass
> variable rotating clamp washers. The horizontal arm is set up parallel
> to the base bar just for convenience.
> Regards,
> Chris Chapman
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22/2009 5:25 PM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Anti-Alize Filter Design Program
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Wed, 13 May 2009 16:44:59 -0400
On Mon, 11 May 2009, Geoffrey wrote:
I just put together a program to help me design an active anti alize
Low Pass filter N=8 for whatever values you might want to use.
Hi Geoff,
What is an anti alize filter? Do you mean anti-alias? Is this a
program for analog filter design? What do you mean by "active"?
Bob
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Anti-Alize Filter Design Program
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Wed, 13 May 2009 15:58:19 -0700
----- Original Message -----
From: "Robert McClure" <bobmcclure90@.........>
To: "psn-l" <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Wednesday, May 13, 2009 1:44 PM
Subject: Re: Anti-Alize Filter Design Program
> On Mon, 11 May 2009, Geoffrey wrote:
> I just put together a program to help me design an active anti alize
> Low Pass filter N=8 for whatever values you might want to use.
>
> Hi Geoff,
>
> What is an anti alize filter? Do you mean anti-alias?
Yes, I have seen it spelled both ways.
Where the Americans tend to use Zs
I have seen the brits use Ss
Since Im USA I like to use Zs :-)
Like they say colour when we say color.
And they drive on the wrong side of the road too.
But I must say they are better at technology today
than we are, The american public seems to me hateful of industry in general in favor of farming over industry.
Since i like it the other way around im at odds with
my own peoples. They want anyone working in electronics
today to have a min of 4 years after high school.
This was not true when I was young.
Technology is becoming a class of snobs in the USA today.
This filter goes just before the Buffer amps on the output
feeding the A/D converter but only if the amplifier you are
using does not already have one (lpf). It keeps like in my case
60Hz from looking like 5.3 or 5.4 or something like that.
And also it helps keep out man made artifacts like vehicular
activity which is terrible at my location.
Is this a
> program for analog filter design? What do you mean by "active"?
Active uses amplifiers in this case OpAmp of your choice.
Passive are like R and C without any amplifiers.
C alone is a reactive component as is L.
I have been taught old school Electronics
like condensor instead of capacitor so my terms
might not be up to date.
>
> Bob
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
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__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Pivots Re: Increasing the period of a Lehman seismometer ?
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Wed, 13 May 2009 19:44:10 EDT
In a message dated 13/05/2009, rog@.......... writes:
Chris,
Do you have any close up pictures of your upper and lower pivots?
Rob
Hi Rob,
Sorry, but I don't have any other photos.
_http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototype.jpg_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototype.jpg)
The bottom bearing is a 1/2" OD SS ball bearing crimped in a 1/2" hole
drilled into the upright bar. The arm is 1/2" HT30 Aluminum alloy, turned
flat on the end. A rectangular SS faceplate about 10mm x 8mm and 16 thou
thick is stuck onto this using 2 component acrylic adhesive Holdtite ST3295.
The faceplate was cut from a Swann Morton medical scalpel blade using a 1"
carbide disk. Other brands of 2 component acrylic adhesive are available.
Unlike the brittle epoxies, acrylic adhesives are slightly flexible, very
tough and stick the softer metals quite well.
The top suspension is a short 8 thou OD nickel plated piano wire
clamped between two bronze disks with an eccentric centre hole. The inside faces
of these disks are both recessed about 15 thou so that only the outside
1.5mm rings grip the wire. The wire is threaded through a hole in the centre
bolt. Both eccentric disks can be rotated to vary the position of the wire
clamp.
Behind the disks is the 'wire wind on' SS bolt for trimming the
position of the arm. It is held in position by friction at the base using a
spring washer and a SS nut. The wire wraps into the bolt thread, so that the
wind-on position is constant. The bolt is drilled near the top. The wire is
threaded through this hole and is clamped by the top nut. I used a taper
reamer to put a small flat on the tip of the first thread in this nut, so that
the wire is clamped between this flat and the V of the bolt thread. To trim
the position of the mass, you slack off the bolt clamping the bronze
washers and adjust the 'wind on' bolt. Then you clamp the bronze washers again.
The V suspension is 30lb 7 core SS fishing trace with crimped end
loops fitting in V section rings on the 1/2" OD extension rods bolted to the
square mounting plate. The top fitting is a 1" and a 1.5" OD SS mudguard
washers stuck together with acrylic adhesive. The 1.5" disk has a V section
edge to hold the trace wire. I turned this groove, but you can use a
triangular needle file. The washer is 1/16" thick. The 4 mm SS wire clamp bolt is
suitably drilled, the wire is threaded through and clamped between two flat
SS washers. This V suspension prevents the mass from rotating about it's
long axis due to any off centre forces from the damping blade.
The mass should be prevented from rotating / oscillating around the
long axis of the arm. This motion may not be damped on amateur seismometers
and can give rise to serious resonances at a few Hz, particularly with
single wire top suspensions. Unless the axis of the damping force intersects the
perpendicular from the centre of mass to the swing axis, any earth motion
will try to rotate the mass as well as deflecting it from side to side.
This null is difficult to achieve in practice. You can use a V wire or a twin
tube suspension. You can also design the magnetic damping to control both
rotational and translational motions of the mass - in two directions at
right angles.
You need to make the arm and the mass from non magnetic materials. Never
mount a magnet on the arm. Never use a ball rolling on a plane - they slip
too easily. Choose the position of the top support so that the bottom
'bearing' has an almost zero vertical loading.
Designing out problems / unwanted responses is something of an art!
I hope that this helps?
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 13/05/2009, rog@.......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000
size=3D2>Chris,<BR>Do you have any close up pictures of your upper and=
lower
pivots?<BR>Rob<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Rob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Sorry, but I don't have any other photos. </D=
IV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototy=
pe.jpg">http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototy=
pe.jpg</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The bottom bearing is a 1/2" OD SS ball beari=
ng
crimped in a 1/2" hole drilled into the upright bar. The arm is 1/2" HT30=
Aluminum alloy, turned flat on the end. A rectangular SS faceplate ab=
out
10mm x 8mm and 16 thou thick is stuck onto this using 2 component acr=
ylic
adhesive Holdtite ST3295. The faceplate was cut from a Swann Morton medica=
l
scalpel blade using a 1" carbide disk. Other brands of 2 component acrylic=
adhesive are available. Unlike the brittle epoxies, acrylic adhesives are=
slightly flexible, very tough and stick the softer metals quite well.</DIV=
>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The top suspension is a short 8 thou OD=
nickel
plated piano wire clamped between two bronze disks with an eccentric centr=
e
hole. The inside faces of these disks are both recessed about 15 thou so=
that
only the outside 1.5mm rings grip the wire. The wire is threaded through=
a
hole in the centre bolt. Both eccentric disks can be rotated to vary=
the
position of the wire clamp.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Behind the disks is the 'wire wind on' SS bol=
t for
trimming the position of the arm. It is held in position by friction at th=
e base
using a spring washer and a SS nut. The wire wraps into the bolt thre=
ad, so
that the wind-on position is constant. The bolt is drilled near the=
top. The wire is threaded through this hole and is clamped by the top=
nut. I used a taper reamer to put a small flat on the tip of the=
first
thread in this nut, so that the wire is clamped between this flat and the=
V of
the bolt thread. To trim the position of the mass, you slack off the=
bolt
clamping the bronze washers and adjust the 'wind on' bolt. Then you clamp=
the
bronze washers again.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The V suspension is 30lb 7 core SS fishing tr=
ace
with crimped end loops fitting in V section rings on the 1/=
2"
OD extension rods bolted to the square mounting plate. The top=
fitting is a 1" and a 1.5" OD SS mudguard washers stuck together with=
acrylic adhesive. The 1.5" disk has a V section edge to hold the trac=
e
wire. I turned this groove, but you can use a triangular needle file. =
;The
washer is 1/16" thick. The 4 mm SS wire clamp bolt is suitably drilled, th=
e wire
is threaded through and clamped between two flat SS washers. Thi=
s V
suspension prevents the mass from rotating about it's long axis due to any=
off
centre forces from the damping blade.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The mass should be prevented from rotating /=
oscillating around the long axis of the arm. This motion may not be damped=
on
amateur seismometers and can give rise to serious resonances at a few Hz,=
particularly with single wire top suspensions. Unless the axis of the damp=
ing
force intersects the perpendicular from the centre of mass to the swing ax=
is,
any earth motion will try to rotate the mass as well as deflecting it from=
side
to side. This null is difficult to achieve in practice. You can use a V wi=
re or
a twin tube suspension. You can also design the magnetic damping to=
control
both rotational and translational motions of the mass - in two directions=
at
right angles. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV> You need to make the arm and the mass from no=
n
magnetic materials. Never mount a magnet on the arm. Never use a ball=
rolling on a plane - they slip too easily. Choose the position of the top=
support so that the bottom 'bearing' has an almost zero vertical
loading.</DIV>
<DIV> Designing out problems / unwanted responses=
is
something of an art!</DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I hope that this helps?</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Unreported earthquake?
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Wed, 13 May 2009 18:54:28 -0600
Hailey, Idaho =
http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/HLID_SPZ_US.2009051300.gi=
f
Missoula, Montana =
http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/MSO_SPZ_US.2009051300.gif=
Very confused..???.
I received a signature on all three sensors, Hailey Idaho and Montana =
received it also....The only event posted was a 5.7m Tonga, but the P =
arrive one minute too late for this to match.
Did anyone get this one?
My signal also look too short for that distance, This appears to be =
much closer than Tonga @5400 miles. Perhaps Idaho, Utah??? Sometime =
the USGS is slow to report Local events.
My clock is correct.
Thanks,
Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hailey, Idaho <A=20
href=3D"">http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/HLID_SPZ_US.200=
9051300.gif</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Missoula, Montana <A=20
href=3D"">http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/MSO_SPZ_US.2009=
051300.gif</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Very confused..???.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>I received a signature on all three =
sensors, Hailey=20
Idaho and Montana received it also....The only event posted was a 5.7m =
Tonga,=20
but the P arrive one minute too late for this to match.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Did anyone get this one?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>My signal also look too short for that=20
distance, This appears to be much closer than Tonga @5400=20
miles. Perhaps Idaho, Utah??? Sometime the USGS =
is slow=20
to report Local events.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial> My clock is =
correct.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Thanks,</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 =
face=3DArial>Ted</FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Unreported earthquake?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Thu, 14 May 2009 02:05:04 +0000
Hi
The earthquake appears to be closer to the Idaho station. I would guess
something around 100 to 250 km away from it, might even be closer. This
looks like a local event with the magnitude of ML 3.5 - 4.2, or
something in that range.
But this is just guess based on the data that I see on the plots.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On mi=F0, 2009-05-13 at 18:54 -0600, tchannel wrote:
> Hailey, Idaho
> http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/HLID_SPZ_US.2009051300.gi=
f
> =20
> Missoula, Montana
> http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/MSO_SPZ_US.2009051300.gif
> =20
> Very confused..???.
> =20
> I received a signature on all three sensors, Hailey Idaho and Montana
> received it also....The only event posted was a 5.7m Tonga, but the P
> arrive one minute too late for this to match.
> =20
> Did anyone get this one?
> =20
> My signal also look too short for that distance, This appears to be
> much closer than Tonga @5400 miles. Perhaps Idaho, Utah???
> Sometime the USGS is slow to report Local events.
> =20
> My clock is correct.
> =20
> Thanks,
> =20
> =20
> Ted
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Pivots Re: Increasing the period of a Lehman seismometer ?
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Wed, 13 May 2009 20:34:32 -0700
Chris,
Thank you. This does help. You are very kind for sharing your
expertise and experience.
I will be trying to follow in you foot steps for my Lehman.
Rob
ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> In a message dated 13/05/2009, rog@.......... writes:
>
> Chris,
> Do you have any close up pictures of your upper and lower pivots?
> Rob
>
> Hi Rob,
> Sorry, but I don't have any other photos.
> http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/lehman_prototype.jpg
> The bottom bearing is a 1/2" OD SS ball bearing crimped in a 1/2"
> hole drilled into the upright bar. The arm is 1/2" HT30 Aluminum
> alloy, turned flat on the end. A rectangular SS faceplate about 10mm x
> 8mm and 16 thou thick is stuck onto this using 2 component acrylic
> adhesive Holdtite ST3295. The faceplate was cut from a Swann Morton
> medical scalpel blade using a 1" carbide disk. Other brands of 2
> component acrylic adhesive are available. Unlike the brittle epoxies,
> acrylic adhesives are slightly flexible, very tough and stick the
> softer metals quite well.
> The top suspension is a short 8 thou OD nickel plated piano wire
> clamped between two bronze disks with an eccentric centre hole. The
> inside faces of these disks are both recessed about 15 thou so that
> only the outside 1.5mm rings grip the wire. The wire is threaded
> through a hole in the centre bolt. Both eccentric disks can be rotated
> to vary the position of the wire clamp.
> Behind the disks is the 'wire wind on' SS bolt for trimming the
> position of the arm. It is held in position by friction at the base
> using a spring washer and a SS nut. The wire wraps into the bolt
> thread, so that the wind-on position is constant. The bolt is drilled
> near the top. The wire is threaded through this hole and is clamped by
> the top nut. I used a taper reamer to put a small flat on the tip of
> the first thread in this nut, so that the wire is clamped between this
> flat and the V of the bolt thread. To trim the position of the mass,
> you slack off the bolt clamping the bronze washers and adjust the
> 'wind on' bolt. Then you clamp the bronze washers again.
> The V suspension is 30lb 7 core SS fishing trace with crimped end
> loops fitting in V section rings on the 1/2" OD extension rods bolted
> to the square mounting plate. The top fitting is a 1" and a 1.5" OD SS
> mudguard washers stuck together with acrylic adhesive. The 1.5" disk
> has a V section edge to hold the trace wire. I turned this groove, but
> you can use a triangular needle file. The washer is 1/16" thick. The 4
> mm SS wire clamp bolt is suitably drilled, the wire is threaded
> through and clamped between two flat SS washers. This V suspension
> prevents the mass from rotating about it's long axis due to any off
> centre forces from the damping blade.
> The mass should be prevented from rotating / oscillating around
> the long axis of the arm. This motion may not be damped on amateur
> seismometers and can give rise to serious resonances at a few Hz,
> particularly with single wire top suspensions. Unless the axis of the
> damping force intersects the perpendicular from the centre of mass to
> the swing axis, any earth motion will try to rotate the mass as well
> as deflecting it from side to side. This null is difficult to achieve
> in practice. You can use a V wire or a twin tube suspension. You can
> also design the magnetic damping to control both rotational and
> translational motions of the mass - in two directions at right angles.
> You need to make the arm and the mass from non magnetic materials.
> Never mount a magnet on the arm. Never use a ball rolling on a plane -
> they slip too easily. Choose the position of the top support so that
> the bottom 'bearing' has an almost zero vertical loading.
> Designing out problems / unwanted responses is something of an art!
> I hope that this helps?
> Regards,
> Chris Chapman
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.3/2075 - Release Date: 4/22/2009 5:25 PM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Unreported earthquake?
From: Bob Hancock icarus@.........
Date: Wed, 13 May 2009 22:00:34 -0700
Ted -
This appears to be a local event nearer to HLID than MSO. Was the
signal strong enough on all three channels that you got a clear
indication of the P wave first movement. If so, have you plotted the
incoming ray path to your station.
Bob Hancock
On May 13, 2009, at 5:54 PM, tchannel wrote:
> Hailey, Idaho http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/HLID_SPZ_US.2009051300.gif
>
> Missoula, Montana http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/MSO_SPZ_US.2009051300.gif
>
> Very confused..???.
>
> I received a signature on all three sensors, Hailey Idaho and
> Montana received it also....The only event posted was a 5.7m Tonga,
> but the P arrive one minute too late for this to match.
>
> Did anyone get this one?
>
> My signal also look too short for that distance, This appears to be
> much closer than Tonga @5400 miles. Perhaps Idaho, Utah???
> Sometime the USGS is slow to report Local events.
>
> My clock is correct.
>
> Thanks,
>
>
> Ted
<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><div>Ted =
-</div><div><br></div><div>This appears to be a local event nearer to =
HLID than MSO. Was the signal strong enough on all three channels =
that you got a clear indication of the P wave first movement. If =
so, have you plotted the incoming ray path to your =
station.</div><div><br></div><div>Bob =
Hancock</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>On May 13, 2009, at 5:54 =
PM, tchannel wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><div bgcolor=3D"#ffffff"><div><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"><div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">Hailey, =
Idaho <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><a =
href=3D"">http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/HLID_SPZ_US.2009=
051300.gif</a></font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Missoula, Montana <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><a =
href=3D"">http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/MSO_SPZ_US.20090=
51300.gif</a></font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Very confused..???.</font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">I =
received a signature on all three sensors, Hailey Idaho and Montana =
received it also....The only event posted was a 5.7m Tonga, but the P =
arrive one minute too late for this to match.</font></div><div><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Did anyone get this one?</font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">My =
signal also look too short for that distance, This appears to be =
much closer than Tonga @5400 miles. Perhaps Idaho, =
Utah??? Sometime the USGS is slow to report Local =
events.</font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"> My clock is =
correct.</font></div><div> </div><div>Thanks,</div><div><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Ted</font></div></font></div></div></span></blockquote></di=
v><br></body></html>=
Subject: WWSSN
From: Antonio Moura geopresp@.........
Date: Thu, 14 May 2009 09:39:53 +0100
Hello
Anyone here know if any of the old 60's sensors, Long or short
period, existing at the *World-Wide Standard Seismographic Network (WWSSN) *can
be adapted to work today with new data acquisition systems? They were
Benioff sensors with variable reluctance for the short-period instruments
and Ewing Press sensors for the long period.
Regards
Rui
<div>Hello</div>
<div>=A0</div>
<div>Anyone here know if any of the old 60's sensors, Long or short per=
iod,=A0existing at the <strong>World-Wide Standard Seismographic Network (W=
WSSN) </strong>can be adapted to work today with new data acquisition syste=
ms? They were Benioff sensors with variable reluctance for the short-period=
instruments and Ewing Press sensors for the long period.</div>
<div>=A0</div>
<div>Regards</div>
<div>=A0</div>
<div>Rui=A0</div>
Subject: Re: Unreported earthquake?
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Thu, 14 May 2009 06:45:57 -0600
Hi Bob, Why didn't I think of that? Do you know where I can get these =
two .psn files?
Thanks, Ted
----- Original Message -----=20
From: Bob Hancock=20
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Wednesday, May 13, 2009 11:00 PM
Subject: Re: Unreported earthquake?
Ted -
This appears to be a local event nearer to HLID than MSO. Was the =
signal strong enough on all three channels that you got a clear =
indication of the P wave first movement. If so, have you plotted the =
incoming ray path to your station.
Bob Hancock
On May 13, 2009, at 5:54 PM, tchannel wrote:
Hailey, Idaho =
http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/HLID_SPZ_US.2009051300.gi=
f
Missoula, Montana =
http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/MSO_SPZ_US.2009051300.gif=
Very confused..???.
I received a signature on all three sensors, Hailey Idaho and =
Montana received it also....The only event posted was a 5.7m Tonga, but =
the P arrive one minute too late for this to match.
Did anyone get this one?
My signal also look too short for that distance, This appears to be =
much closer than Tonga @5400 miles. Perhaps Idaho, Utah??? Sometime =
the USGS is slow to report Local events.
My clock is correct.
Thanks,
Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY=20
style=3D"WORD-WRAP: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space"=20
bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Bob, Why didn't I think of=20
that? Do you know where I can get these two .psn =
files?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Dicarus@......... href=3D"mailto:icarus@.........">Bob =
Hancock</A>=20
</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, May 13, 2009 =
11:00=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: Unreported =
earthquake?</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>Ted -</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>This appears to be a local event nearer to HLID than MSO. =
Was the=20
signal strong enough on all three channels that you got a clear =
indication of=20
the P wave first movement. If so, have you plotted the =
incoming ray=20
path to your station.</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>Bob Hancock</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>On May 13, 2009, at 5:54 PM, tchannel wrote:</DIV><BR=20
class=3DApple-interchange-newline>
<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><SPAN=20
style=3D"WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; TEXT-INDENT: 0px; =
BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; FONT: 14px Helvetica; WHITE-SPACE: normal; =
ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0"=20
class=3DApple-style-span>
<DIV bgcolor=3D"#ffffff">
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hailey, Idaho <SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN><A=20
=
href=3D"">http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/HLID_SPZ_US.200=
9051300.gif</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Missoula, Montana <SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN><A=20
=
href=3D"">http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/MSO_SPZ_US.2009=
051300.gif</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Very confused..???.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>I received a signature on all three =
sensors,=20
Hailey Idaho and Montana received it also....The only event posted =
was a=20
5.7m Tonga, but the P arrive one minute too late for this to=20
match.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Did anyone get this =
one?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>My signal also look too short for =
that=20
distance, This appears to be much closer than Tonga @5400=20
miles. Perhaps Idaho, Utah??? Sometime the =
USGS is=20
slow to report Local events.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial> My clock is =
correct.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Thanks,</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2=20
=
face=3DArial>Ted</FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV></DIV></SPAN></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV=
><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Unreported earthquake?
From: Bob Hancock icarus@.........
Date: Thu, 14 May 2009 06:24:05 -0700
Hi Ted -
There is more than one way to do this - the easiest would be to look
at your data and compute the incoming ray path. If you have good P &
S waves, you could also get a rough distance from your station.
Another way would be to download the SAC files from HLID and MSO using
the VASE program, which is available through IRIS. You can then
convert them to PSN format through WiNQUAKE, or leave them in SAC
format. Note that WINQUAKE can read a data set in PSN format, but not
in SAC format. With P & S wave data from all three stations, you
could draw the arcs and see where they crossover. That would be more
accurate.
Since the event was visible at both HLID an MSO, I would not be
surprised if the records are updated sometime today.
Bob Hancock
On May 14, 2009, at 5:45 AM, tchannel wrote:
> Hi Bob, Why didn't I think of that? Do you know where I can get
> these two .psn files?
> Thanks, Ted
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Bob Hancock
> To: psn-l@..............
> Sent: Wednesday, May 13, 2009 11:00 PM
> Subject: Re: Unreported earthquake?
>
> Ted -
>
> This appears to be a local event nearer to HLID than MSO. Was the
> signal strong enough on all three channels that you got a clear
> indication of the P wave first movement. If so, have you plotted
> the incoming ray path to your station.
>
> Bob Hancock
>
>
> On May 13, 2009, at 5:54 PM, tchannel wrote:
>
>> Hailey, Idaho http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/HLID_SPZ_US.2009051300.gif
>>
>> Missoula, Montana http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/MSO_SPZ_US.2009051300.gif
>>
>> Very confused..???.
>>
>> I received a signature on all three sensors, Hailey Idaho and
>> Montana received it also....The only event posted was a 5.7m Tonga,
>> but the P arrive one minute too late for this to match.
>>
>> Did anyone get this one?
>>
>> My signal also look too short for that distance, This appears to
>> be much closer than Tonga @5400 miles. Perhaps Idaho, Utah???
>> Sometime the USGS is slow to report Local events.
>>
>> My clock is correct.
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>>
>> Ted
>
>
<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div>Hi Ted =
-</div><div><br></div><div>There is more than one way to do this - the =
easiest would be to look at your data and compute the incoming ray path. =
If you have good P & S waves, you could also get a rough =
distance from your station. Another way would be to download the =
SAC files from HLID and MSO using the VASE program, which is available =
through IRIS. You can then convert them to PSN format through =
WiNQUAKE, or leave them in SAC format. Note that WINQUAKE =
can read a data set in PSN format, but not in SAC =
format. With P & S wave data from all three stations, you =
could draw the arcs and see where they crossover. That would be =
more accurate. </div><div><br></div><div>Since the event was =
visible at both HLID an MSO, I would not be surprised if the records are =
updated sometime today.</div><div><br></div><div>Bob =
Hancock</div><div><br></div><br><div><div>On May 14, 2009, at 5:45 AM, =
tchannel wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><div bgcolor=3D"#ffffff" =
style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Hi Bob, Why didn't I think of that? Do =
you know where I can get these two .psn files?</font></div><div><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">Thanks, Ted</font></div><blockquote =
style=3D"border-left-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left-width: 2px; =
border-left-style: solid; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 0px; =
margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 0px; "><div style=3D"font: normal normal =
normal 10pt/normal arial; ">----- Original Message -----</div><div =
style=3D"font: normal normal normal 10pt/normal arial; background-image: =
initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; =
-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; =
background-color: rgb(228, 228, 228); background-position: initial =
initial; "><b>From:</b><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><a title=3D"icarus@........."=
href=3D"mailto:icarus@.........">Bob Hancock</a></div><div style=3D"font:=
normal normal normal 10pt/normal arial; "><b>To:</b><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><a =
title=3D"psn-l@.............." =
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</a></div><div =
style=3D"font: normal normal normal 10pt/normal arial; =
"><b>Sent:</b><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, May 13, 2009 =
11:00 PM</div><div style=3D"font: normal normal normal 10pt/normal =
arial; "><b>Subject:</b><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: Unreported =
earthquake?</div><div><br></div><div><div>Ted =
-</div><div><br></div><div>This appears to be a local event nearer to =
HLID than MSO. Was the signal strong enough on all three channels =
that you got a clear indication of the P wave first movement. If =
so, have you plotted the incoming ray path to your =
station.</div><div><br></div><div>Bob =
Hancock</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>On May 13, 2009, at 5:54 =
PM, tchannel wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"widows: 2; text-transform: none; =
text-indent: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font: normal normal normal =
14px/normal Helvetica; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; letter-spacing: =
normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); word-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div =
bgcolor=3D"#ffffff"><div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"><div><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">Hailey, Idaho <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><a =
href=3D"">http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/HLID_SPZ_US.2009=
051300.gif</a></font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Missoula, Montana <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><a =
href=3D"">http://mbmgquake.mtech.edu/earthworm/wavef_disp/MSO_SPZ_US.20090=
51300.gif</a></font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Very confused..???.</font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">I =
received a signature on all three sensors, Hailey Idaho and Montana =
received it also....The only event posted was a 5.7m Tonga, but the P =
arrive one minute too late for this to match.</font></div><div><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Did anyone get this one?</font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial">My =
signal also look too short for that distance, This appears to be =
much closer than Tonga @5400 miles. Perhaps Idaho, =
Utah??? Sometime the USGS is slow to report Local =
events.</font></div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"> My clock is =
correct.</font></div><div> </div><div>Thanks,</div><div><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial"></font> </div><div><font size=3D"2" =
face=3D"Arial">Ted</font></div></font></div></div></span></blockquote></di=
v><br></blockquote></div></span><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"></blockquote></div><br></body></html>=
Subject: Re: WWSSN
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Thu, 14 May 2009 19:31:38 EDT
In a message dated 14/05/2009, geopresp@......... writes:
Anyone here know if any of the old 60's sensors, Long or short period,
existing at the World-Wide Standard Seismographic Network (WWSSN) can be
adapted to work today with new data acquisition systems? They were Benioff
sensors with variable reluctance for the short-period instruments and Ewing
Press sensors for the long period.
Regards
Rui
Hi Rui,
Several Sprengnethers, both V and H, have been adapted successfully.
If you add a capacitative position sensor, you may use the original sensor
coils + magnets for feedback to get an excellent broadband response. New
amplifiers and ADCs should not be a problem.
Randall Peters has modified some Sprengnethers. See
_http://physics.mercer.edu/hpage/peters.html_ (http://physics.mercer.edu/hpage/peters.html)
I do not know enough about the larger Benioff machines, but if the
springs and suspensions are OK, I can see no reason in principle why not. You
might need to look carefully before buying one. They are likely to have
been out of use and not maintained for more than 25 years. Some of them used
photographic recording using light reflected from sensitive galvanometers to
give gain with an 'optical lever'. These galvos had delicate suspension
systems, so you may need a replacement sensor. Incidentally, you can get
resolutions down to <15 nano metres using pairs of large area silicon
photocells, a simple moving shutter, a lens and a tungsten filament bulb, but the
operating range is restricted by the size of the photocells and any drift in
the instrument. You may be able to remove drift problems with a long period
integrator and force feedback, while retaining the original response.
I remember some mini Lehmans being offered on psn about 5 years ago.
Seismic sensors occasionally appear on Ebay, but I have not seen anything
there that I would want to own, due to very poor condition / parts missing /
huge prices being demanded for what appeared to be scrap. Older type
seismometers tend to be both large and very heavy = costly to transport. The USGS
disposed of several of their early borehole electronic triaxial KS-36000
units some years back. Check with psn archives?
For a Press-Ewing photo see
_http://sismordia.blogspot.com/2008/08/sunday-seismometer-10.html_ (http://sismor
dia.blogspot.com/2008/08/sunday-seismometer-10.html)
_http://www.blogcatalog.com/blogs/sismordia-seismology-at-concordia/posts/tag/sunday+seismometer/_
(http://www.blogcatalog.com/blogs/sismordia-seismology-at-concordia/posts/tag/sunday+seismometer/)
Some very early seismometers used mechanical levers to amplify the
ground motion and weighed up to several tons. Later seismometers used a magnet
+ coil to drive a sensitive galvanometer fitted with a mirror. A beam of
light was reflected from the mirror and focussed onto photographic film /
paper, so you had to chemically develop the image before you could read it.
You could probably replace the photographic film with a pair of differential
silicon photocells. The WWSSN network started in ~1959, peaked in the
1970s with about 115 stations world wide and was replaced after 1983. They used
paper recordings.
I suspect that the answer to your question very much depends on what
you are capable of designing / repairing / making / adapting. Broken /
missing low Tc springs could be a problem to replace. They were made specially
for the particular seismometers. Rewinding coils definitely requires skill,
care, time, good eyesight and preferably a coil winding machine.
Where are you based? Are you considering any particular instrument
types?
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 14/05/2009, geopresp@......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>
<DIV>Anyone here know if any of the old 60's sensors, Long or short
period, existing at the <STRONG>World-Wide Standard Seismographic=
Network
(WWSSN) </STRONG>can be adapted to work today with new data acquisition=
systems? They were Benioff sensors with variable reluctance for the
short-period instruments and Ewing Press sensors for the long period.</D=
IV>
<DIV>Regards</DIV>
<DIV>Rui </DIV></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Rui,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Several Sprengnethers, both V and H, hav=
e been
adapted successfully. If you add a capacitative position sensor, you
may use the original sensor coils + magnets for feedback to get an
excellent broadband response. New amplifiers and ADCs should not=
be a
problem.</DIV>
<DIV> Randall Peters has modified some Sprengnether=
s. See
<A
href=3D"http://physics.mercer.edu/hpage/peters.html">http://physics.mercer=
..edu/hpage/peters.html</A></DIV>
<DIV> I do not know enough about the larger Be=
nioff
machines, but if the springs and suspensions are OK, I can see no reason=
in
principle why not. You might need to look carefully before buying one. The=
y are
likely to have been out of use and not maintained for more than 25
years. Some of them used photographic recording using light reflected=
from
sensitive galvanometers to give gain with an 'optical lever'. These galvos=
had
delicate suspension systems, so you may need a replacement sensor. Inciden=
tally,
you can get resolutions down to <15 nano metres using pairs of lar=
ge
area silicon photocells, a simple moving shutter, a lens and a=
tungsten filament bulb, but the operating range is restricted by the size=
of the
photocells and any drift in the instrument. You may be able to remove=
drift
problems with a long period integrator and force feedback, while reta=
ining
the original response. </DIV>
<DIV> I remember some mini Lehmans being
offered on psn about 5 years ago. Seismic sensors occasiona=
lly
appear on Ebay, but I have not seen anything there that I would want=
to
own, due to very poor condition / parts missing / huge prices being demand=
ed for
what appeared to be scrap. Older type seismometers tend to be both large=
and
very heavy =3D costly to transport. The USGS disposed of several of their=
early
borehole electronic triaxial KS-36000 units some years back. Check with ps=
n
archives? </DIV>
<DIV> For a Press-Ewing photo see <A
href=3D"http://sismordia.blogspot.com/2008/08/sunday-seismometer-10.html">=
http://sismordia.blogspot.com/2008/08/sunday-seismometer-10.html</A></DIV>
<DIV> <A
href=3D"http://www.blogcatalog.com/blogs/sismordia-seismology-at-concordia=
/posts/tag/sunday+seismometer/">http://www.blogcatalog.com/blogs/sismordia=
-seismology-at-concordia/posts/tag/sunday+seismometer/</A></DIV>
<DIV> Some very early seismometers used mechanical=
levers
to amplify the ground motion and weighed up to several tons. Later seismom=
eters
used a magnet + coil to drive a sensitive galvanometer fitted with a mirro=
r. A
beam of light was reflected from the mirror and focussed onto
photographic film / paper, so you had to chemically develop the image=
before you could read it. You could probably replace the photographic film=
with a pair of differential silicon photocells. The WWSSN network sta=
rted
in ~1959, peaked in the 1970s with about 115 stations world wide and was=
replaced after 1983. They used paper recordings. </DIV>
<DIV> I suspect that the answer to your question ve=
ry
much depends on what you are capable of designing / repairing / making /=
adapting. Broken / missing low Tc springs could be a problem to replace.=
They
were made specially for the particular seismometers. Rewinding coils defin=
itely
requires skill, care, time, good eyesight and preferably a coil windi=
ng
machine. </DIV>
<DIV> Where are you based? Are you considering any=
particular instrument types? </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Mystery Earthquake
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Fri, 15 May 2009 06:50:55 -0600
The USGS posted this event =
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsus/Quakes/us2009gpb2.php It =
was a 3.1 North of Boise 88km.
Thanks to Bob and others for trying to help me identify it. I wanted =
to try to pin point the epicenter on my own, but was off by about 100km. =
I had a very difficult time trying to determine the S on any of the =
five sensors we are running locally. There are many remote stations in =
Idaho, but most of them are not maintained. Hailey Idaho was avail, =
and that helped. This is a good example why good design and quiet =
locations are so important. At our stations the P and S were only 10 =
seconds apart and the S not well defined at all. All this made accuracy =
very difficult.
Thanks, again
Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>The USGS posted this event <A=20
href=3D"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsus/Quakes/us2009gpb2=
..php">http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsus/Quakes/us2009gpb2.p=
hp</A> It=20
was a 3.1 North of Boise 88km.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks to Bob and others for trying to =
help me=20
identify it. I wanted to try to pin point the epicenter on =
my own,=20
but was off by about 100km. I had a very difficult time =
trying to=20
determine the S on any of the five sensors we are running=20
locally. There are many remote stations in Idaho, but most of =
them are not maintained. Hailey Idaho was avail, and =
that=20
helped. This is a good example why good design and quiet locations =
are=20
so important. At our stations the P and S were =
only 10=20
seconds apart and the S not well defined at all. All this made =
accuracy=20
very difficult.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, again</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Ted</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Strong earthquake alert
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Fri, 15 May 2009 21:37:04 +0000
Hi all
I belive that there is a good chance of a strong earthquake near Kodiak
Island in Alaska soon. The current swarm in that area gives me the clues
I need to make that suggestion. When it might happen is unclear, but at
the speed the current swarm is developing, the earthquake might happen
in the next 24 to 72 at the earliest.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Strong earthquake alert
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Sat, 16 May 2009 14:23:44 -0700
Jon,
How did you do that? Several strong earthquakes today on Kodiak Island, =
just
as you predicted. Good predictions.
Gary
Palo Alto CA
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: Friday, May 15, 2009 2:37 PM
To: PSN-Postlist
Subject: Strong earthquake alert
Hi all
I belive that there is a good chance of a strong earthquake near Kodiak
Island in Alaska soon. The current swarm in that area gives me the clues
I need to make that suggestion. When it might happen is unclear, but at
the speed the current swarm is developing, the earthquake might happen
in the next 24 to 72 at the earliest.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Strong earthquake alert
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Sat, 16 May 2009 14:45:52 -0700
Yeah, looks like at least three magnitude 5 quakes, including a M5.9. =
Very
interesting call. And another M5 event within the past hour there too.
So, it seemed like the swarm indicated it? Another note was that the
largest event in the sequence was the deepest, about 70 km or so while =
the
others are roughly six miles to depth. Wonder if something larger could =
be
coming in that area?=20
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of Gary Lindgren
Sent: Saturday, May 16, 2009 2:24 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: RE: Strong earthquake alert
Jon,
How did you do that? Several strong earthquakes today on Kodiak Island, =
just
as you predicted. Good predictions.
Gary
Palo Alto CA
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: Friday, May 15, 2009 2:37 PM
To: PSN-Postlist
Subject: Strong earthquake alert
Hi all
I belive that there is a good chance of a strong earthquake near Kodiak
Island in Alaska soon. The current swarm in that area gives me the clues =
I
need to make that suggestion. When it might happen is unclear, but at =
the
speed the current swarm is developing, the earthquake might happen in =
the
next 24 to 72 at the earliest.
Regards.
--
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
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http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Strong earthquake alert
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sat, 16 May 2009 22:06:30 +0000
Hi
I am currently devloping a idea on how to prediect some earthquakes.
This started with a swarm events that incresed in numbers as the time
did pass. That was a good sign that a strong earthquake was going to
happen in the area soon.
As it currently stands now I am expecting more earthquakes in that area,
with the possiblity of one earthquake that is going to be Mw6.0 or
stronger. The time frame is currently 24 to 72 hours as it stands now.
My predections are far from being good (but are improving), but there is
also a chance that this swarm might end as fast as it did start. But
that is a lesser chance then the other option.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On lau, 2009-05-16 at 14:23 -0700, Gary Lindgren wrote:
> Jon,
> How did you do that? Several strong earthquakes today on Kodiak Island, j=
ust
> as you predicted. Good predictions.
> Gary
> Palo Alto CA
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
> Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
> Sent: Friday, May 15, 2009 2:37 PM
> To: PSN-Postlist
> Subject: Strong earthquake alert
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> I belive that there is a good chance of a strong earthquake near Kodiak
> Island in Alaska soon. The current swarm in that area gives me the clues
> I need to make that suggestion. When it might happen is unclear, but at
> the speed the current swarm is developing, the earthquake might happen
> in the next 24 to 72 at the earliest.
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Earthquake Prediction
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sun, 17 May 2009 11:53:37 -0700
Howdy PSN;
I understand you guys to be talking about EQ predictions.
From what I see it is a lot like the US Navy says about
accidents. There is a correlation between the number
of small accidents and large accidents ( saying they
are really accidents and not some kind of premeditated thing)
So you watch the number of small accidents or the frequency thereof
and when you see the sudden increase of small ones
then a big one is right around the corner if you do not
do something right away to reduce the small ones.
There seems to be a relationship between accidents
and Earthquakes, I'm not a mathematician in Statistical
things ( other things neither) but it seems it may be a kind of law of nature
the way both of these things are behaving.
Does anyone concur ??
geoff
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Earthquake Prediction
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Sun, 17 May 2009 17:40:40 -0600
Geoffrey, You may have something there! I also an not a mathematician,
but one educated person told me that earthquakes are like a basket of
sleeping puppies, when one moves it trigger a series of additional
movements. I have found this also to note worthy.
Ted
----- Original Message -----
From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
To: "PSN-LIST" <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Sunday, May 17, 2009 12:53 PM
Subject: Earthquake Prediction
> Howdy PSN;
>
> I understand you guys to be talking about EQ predictions.
> From what I see it is a lot like the US Navy says about
> accidents. There is a correlation between the number
> of small accidents and large accidents ( saying they
> are really accidents and not some kind of premeditated thing)
>
> So you watch the number of small accidents or the frequency thereof
> and when you see the sudden increase of small ones
> then a big one is right around the corner if you do not
> do something right away to reduce the small ones.
>
> There seems to be a relationship between accidents
> and Earthquakes, I'm not a mathematician in Statistical
> things ( other things neither) but it seems it may be a kind of law of
> nature
> the way both of these things are behaving.
> Does anyone concur ??
>
> geoff
>
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of the
> message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Earthquake Prediction
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sun, 17 May 2009 23:58:07 +0000
Hi
I find the humor and the irony here unworty. Earthquake prediction is
real sience.
http://hraun.vedur.is/ja/prenlab/
http://hraun.vedur.is/ja/prenlab/stat1.html
More data can be found on the internet. Use google!
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On sun, 2009-05-17 at 17:40 -0600, tchannel wrote:
> Geoffrey, You may have something there! I also an not a mathematician=
,=20
> but one educated person told me that earthquakes are like a basket of=20
> sleeping puppies, when one moves it trigger a series of additional=20
> movements. I have found this also to note worthy.
>=20
> Ted
>=20
>=20
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
> To: "PSN-LIST" <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Sunday, May 17, 2009 12:53 PM
> Subject: Earthquake Prediction
>=20
>=20
> > Howdy PSN;
> >
> > I understand you guys to be talking about EQ predictions.
> > From what I see it is a lot like the US Navy says about
> > accidents. There is a correlation between the number
> > of small accidents and large accidents ( saying they
> > are really accidents and not some kind of premeditated thing)
> >
> > So you watch the number of small accidents or the frequency thereof
> > and when you see the sudden increase of small ones
> > then a big one is right around the corner if you do not
> > do something right away to reduce the small ones.
> >
> > There seems to be a relationship between accidents
> > and Earthquakes, I'm not a mathematician in Statistical
> > things ( other things neither) but it seems it may be a kind of law of=20
> > nature
> > the way both of these things are behaving.
> > Does anyone concur ??
> >
> > geoff
> >
> >
> > __________________________________________________________
> >
> > Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
> >
> > To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of =
the=20
> > message (first line only): unsubscribe
> > See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.=20
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: English Channel Events
From: "Marchal van Lare" vanlare@.............
Date: Tue, 19 May 2009 21:09:41 +0200
Hi all,
Remember the discussion a little while ago about the English Channel =
'swarm'; check out the video on youtube: =
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk
The video is made by someone aboard a Dutch minesweeper close to the =
Normandy coast (France). The video was shot on April 23rd ~17:40 UTC and =
the detonation was responsible for the event reported by the BGS: =
http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html
Regards,
Marchal
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Remember the discussion a little =
while ago=20
about the English Channel 'swarm'; check out the video on youtube: <A=20
href=3D"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk">http://www.youtube.=
com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The video is made by someone aboard a =
Dutch=20
minesweeper close to the Normandy coast (France). The =
video was shot=20
on April 23rd ~17:40 UTC and the detonation was responsible for the =
event=20
reported by the BGS: <A=20
href=3D"http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html">=
http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html</A></FONT=
></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Marchal</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
From: JAMES RIDOUT jamesridout@..............
Date: Tue, 19 May 2009 19:15:58 +0000 (GMT)
Hi, Thats great!, What are they blowing up? WW2 Mines, or testing something=
?
--- On Tue, 19/5/09, Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............> wrote:
From: Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............>
Subject: English Channel Events
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Tuesday, 19 May, 2009, 8:09 PM
Hi all,
=A0
Remember=A0the discussion a little while ago about the English Channel 'swa=
rm'; check out the video on youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33Xl=
T9Oxlk
=A0
The video is made by someone aboard a Dutch minesweeper close to the Norman=
dy coast (France).=A0The video=A0was shot on April 23rd=A0~17:40 UTC and th=
e detonation was responsible for the event reported by the BGS: http://www.=
quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html
=A0
Regards,
=A0
Marchal
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;">Hi, Thats great!, What are they blowing up? W=
W2 Mines, or testing something?<BR><BR>--- On <B>Tue, 19/5/09, Marchal van =
Lare <I><vanlare@.............></I></B> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(=
16,16,255) 2px solid">From: Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............><=
BR>Subject: English Channel Events<BR>To: psn-l@..............<BR>Date: Tue=
sday, 19 May, 2009, 8:09 PM<BR><BR>
<DIV id=3Dyiv1790344872>
<STYLE></STYLE>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Remember the discussion a little whil=
e ago about the English Channel 'swarm'; check out the video on youtube: <A=
href=3D"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk" target=3D_blank rel=
=3Dnofollow>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The video is made by someone aboard a Dutc=
h minesweeper close to the Normandy coast (France). The video was=
shot on April 23rd ~17:40 UTC and the detonation was responsible for =
the event reported by the BGS: <A href=3D"http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recen=
t_events/20090423174150.3.html" target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>http://www.q=
uakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Marchal</FONT></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></t=
d></tr></table>
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
From: "Marchal van Lare" vanlare@.............
Date: Tue, 19 May 2009 21:34:02 +0200
Hi,=20
They are clearing a WWII German mine in that Youtube movie, the =
authorities think there are still 100.000 to 300.000 old mines on the =
seabeds in the Channel and the North Sea.
Before 2005, about 50 of those old mines were localised yearly. In 2005 =
a deadly accident occured with a Dutch fishingboat; since then about 50 =
a month (!) of those old sea mines are localized. This explains those =
swarms of events also; the detonations need to be carried out during =
quiet weather.
Regards, Marchal
----- Original Message -----=20
From: JAMES RIDOUT=20
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Tuesday, May 19, 2009 9:15 PM
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
Hi, Thats great!, What are they blowing up? WW2 Mines, or =
testing something?
--- On Tue, 19/5/09, Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............> =
wrote:
From: Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............>
Subject: English Channel Events
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Tuesday, 19 May, 2009, 8:09 PM
Hi all,
Remember the discussion a little while ago about the English =
Channel 'swarm'; check out the video on youtube: =
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk
The video is made by someone aboard a Dutch minesweeper close =
to the Normandy coast (France). The video was shot on April 23rd ~17:40 =
UTC and the detonation was responsible for the event reported by the =
BGS: http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html
Regards,
Marchal=20
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>They are clearing a WWII German mine in =
that=20
Youtube movie, the authorities think there are still 100.000 to 300.000 =
old=20
mines on the seabeds in the Channel and the North Sea.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Before 2005, about 50 of those old =
mines were=20
localised yearly. In 2005 a deadly accident occured with a Dutch =
fishingboat;=20
since then about 50 a month (!) of those old sea mines are localized. =
This=20
explains those swarms of events also; the detonations need to be carried =
out=20
during quiet weather.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Regards, Marchal</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV>----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Djamesridout@.................
href=3D"mailto:jamesridout@..............">JAMES RIDOUT</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, May 19, 2009 =
9:15 PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: English Channel =
Events</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop>Hi, Thats great!, What are they blowing up? WW2 =
Mines, or=20
testing something?<BR><BR>--- On <B>Tue, 19/5/09, Marchal van =
Lare=20
<I><<A=20
=
href=3D"mailto:vanlare@.............">vanlare@.............</A>></I></=
B>=20
wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: =
rgb(16,16,255) 2px solid">From:=20
Marchal van Lare <<A=20
=
href=3D"mailto:vanlare@.............">vanlare@.............</A>><BR>Su=
bject:=20
English Channel Events<BR>To: <A=20
=
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A><BR>Date:=20
Tuesday, 19 May, 2009, 8:09 PM<BR><BR>
<DIV id=3Dyiv1790344872>
<STYLE></STYLE>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Remember the discussion =
a little=20
while ago about the English Channel 'swarm'; check out the =
video on=20
youtube: <A =
href=3D"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk"=20
target=3D_blank=20
=
rel=3Dnofollow>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk</A></FONT></D=
IV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The video is made by someone =
aboard a=20
Dutch minesweeper close to the Normandy coast =
(France). The=20
video was shot on April 23rd ~17:40 UTC and the =
detonation=20
was responsible for the event reported by the BGS: <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html" =
target=3D_blank=20
=
rel=3Dnofollow>http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3=
..html</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial=20
=
size=3D2>Marchal</FONT></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE=
></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
From: JAMES RIDOUT jamesridout@..............
Date: Tue, 19 May 2009 20:18:36 +0000 (GMT)
Hi,=A0The depth of that event was 6.7km, Would that really have such an efe=
ct on the surface?
--- On Tue, 19/5/09, Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............> wrote:
From: Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............>
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Tuesday, 19 May, 2009, 8:34 PM
Hi,=20
=A0
They are clearing a WWII German mine in that Youtube movie, the authorities=
think there are still 100.000 to 300.000 old mines on the seabeds in the C=
hannel and the North Sea.
=A0
Before 2005, about 50 of those old mines were localised yearly. In 2005 a d=
eadly accident occured with a Dutch fishingboat; since then about 50 a mont=
h (!) of those old sea mines are localized. This explains those swarms of e=
vents also; the detonations need to be carried out during quiet weather.
=A0
Regards, Marchal
=A0
----- Original Message -----=20
From: JAMES RIDOUT=20
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Tuesday, May 19, 2009 9:15 PM
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
Hi, Thats great!, What are they blowing up? WW2 Mines, or testing something=
?
--- On Tue, 19/5/09, Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............> wrote:
From: Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............>
Subject: English Channel Events
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Tuesday, 19 May, 2009, 8:09 PM
Hi all,
=A0
Remember=A0the discussion a little while ago about the English Channel 'swa=
rm'; check out the video on youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33Xl=
T9Oxlk
=A0
The video is made by someone aboard a Dutch minesweeper close to the Norman=
dy coast (France).=A0The video=A0was shot on April 23rd=A0~17:40 UTC and th=
e detonation was responsible for the event reported by the BGS: http://www.=
quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html
=A0
Regards,
=A0
Marchal
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;">Hi, The depth of that event was 6.7km, W=
ould that really have such an efect on the surface?<BR><BR>--- On <B>Tue, 1=
9/5/09, Marchal van Lare <I><vanlare@.............></I></B> wrote:<BR=
>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(=
16,16,255) 2px solid">From: Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............><=
BR>Subject: Re: English Channel Events<BR>To: psn-l@..............<BR>Date:=
Tuesday, 19 May, 2009, 8:34 PM<BR><BR>
<DIV id=3Dyiv1528952572>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>They are clearing a WWII German mine in th=
at Youtube movie, the authorities think there are still 100.000 to 300.000 =
old mines on the seabeds in the Channel and the North Sea.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Before 2005, about 50 of those old mines w=
ere localised yearly. In 2005 a deadly accident occured with a Dutch fishin=
gboat; since then about 50 a month (!) of those old sea mines are localized=
.. This explains those swarms of events also; the detonations need to be car=
ried out during quiet weather.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Regards, Marchal</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV>----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5p=
x; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial"><B>From:</B> <A title=
=3Djamesridout@.............. href=3D"mailto:jamesridout@.............." ta=
rget=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>JAMES RIDOUT</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=3Dpsn-l@.............. =
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@.............." target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>psn-l@w=
ebtronics.com</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, May 19, 2009 9:15 PM<=
/DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: English Channel Events<=
/DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop>Hi, Thats great!, What are they blowing up? WW2 Mines, or =
testing something?<BR><BR>--- On <B>Tue, 19/5/09, Marchal van Lare <I><<=
A href=3D"mailto:vanlare@............." target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>vanl=
are@.............</A>></I></B> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(=
16,16,255) 2px solid">From: Marchal van Lare <<A href=3D"mailto:vanlare@=
zeelandnet.nl" target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>vanlare@.............</A>>=
<BR>Subject: English Channel Events<BR>To: <A href=3D"mailto:psn-l@webtroni=
cs.com" target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>psn-l@..............</A><BR>Date: Tu=
esday, 19 May, 2009, 8:09 PM<BR><BR>
<DIV id=3Dyiv1790344872>
<STYLE></STYLE>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Remember the discussion a little whil=
e ago about the English Channel 'swarm'; check out the video on youtube: <A=
href=3D"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk" target=3D_blank rel=
=3Dnofollow>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The video is made by someone aboard a Dutc=
h minesweeper close to the Normandy coast (France). The video was=
shot on April 23rd ~17:40 UTC and the detonation was responsible for =
the event reported by the BGS: <A href=3D"http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recen=
t_events/20090423174150.3.html" target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>http://www.q=
uakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Marchal</FONT></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></T=
D></TR></TBODY></TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></td></tr></table>
Subject: Re: Earthquake Prediction
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Tue, 19 May 2009 17:53:51 -0700
Hello PSN (humans as individual cells):
A thought about Normative Geology:
Accidents are probably more important
than Earthquakes since accidents
can be murder centric and not simply
a perceived act of some kind of god.
I have this personal belief that the
DPS's here in America are using safety
as a weapon and not to save/help people.
They are like the Feds CIA but on
a state level and their expertise will
rival any geophysics major.
America is not an individual oriented country
but an alien creature made up of human souls
as its individual cells, and the quicker the rest of
the world realizes this the better off they will be.
Earthquakes are only important to our country in the
social sense and never to the government on the individual level.
As a foreign member of PSN you most probably do not
understand the creature (USA) you are dealing with.
Since, America likes to paint an erroneous picture
of us to the rest of the world.
As a scientist keep an open mind or
you will be blinded by that alien creature
that makes gangs and groups and countries.
A true scientist is a danger to himself
since he in fact does keep an open mind.
The animal human will take undue advantage
of a true scientist (A minority on this Earth
But hopefully its future).
And this is all from a life long citizen of the USA
Who has served with at least three honorable discharges
from the US Navy (every DD214 I have ever received).
What I am saying here is that there may be a natural correlation that applies to both areas of science
(Of Which Math is a part) The trouble with your predictions
like with others is that there may be no warning signs
whatsoever prior to a major event. I have this belief
rooted in science that says nature made man and so
what ever is made by man is actually made by nature.
This is not any kind of religious belief but only
a logical observation. This life is most serious to me
since it is the ONLY one I shall ever have as geoff.
I don't play with your sense of reality any more than you play with mine. Please (On My HANDS AND KNEES BEGGING) Keep an open mind
ignore those subjective thoughts. Life with science
is a never ending series of arguments without any violence
between people. The more like a (logically)good, objective, machine; the better the science. The disciplines are overlapping and
there
are commonalities to be shared between them.
geoff
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Sunday, May 17, 2009 4:58 PM
Subject: Re: Earthquake Prediction
Hi
I find the humor and the irony here unworty. Earthquake prediction is
real sience.
http://hraun.vedur.is/ja/prenlab/
http://hraun.vedur.is/ja/prenlab/stat1.html
More data can be found on the internet. Use google!
Regards.
Jón Frímann.
On sun, 2009-05-17 at 17:40 -0600, tchannel wrote:
> Geoffrey, You may have something there! I also an not a mathematician,
> but one educated person told me that earthquakes are like a basket of
> sleeping puppies, when one moves it trigger a series of additional
> movements. I have found this also to note worthy.
>
> Ted
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Geoffrey" <gmvoeth@...........>
> To: "PSN-LIST" <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Sunday, May 17, 2009 12:53 PM
> Subject: Earthquake Prediction
>
>
> > Howdy PSN;
> >
> > I understand you guys to be talking about EQ predictions.
> > From what I see it is a lot like the US Navy says about
> > accidents. There is a correlation between the number
> > of small accidents and large accidents ( saying they
> > are really accidents and not some kind of premeditated thing)
> >
> > So you watch the number of small accidents or the frequency thereof
> > and when you see the sudden increase of small ones
> > then a big one is right around the corner if you do not
> > do something right away to reduce the small ones.
> >
> > There seems to be a relationship between accidents
> > and Earthquakes, I'm not a mathematician in Statistical
> > things ( other things neither) but it seems it may be a kind of law of
> > nature
> > the way both of these things are behaving.
> > Does anyone concur ??
> >
> > geoff
> >
> >
> > __________________________________________________________
> >
> > Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
> >
> > To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of the
> > message (first line only): unsubscribe
> > See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
From: "Marchal van Lare" vanlare@.............
Date: Thu, 21 May 2009 00:05:45 +0200
Hi,
The waveform of the detonation looks different when compared to that of =
a real event. The detonation took place at a depth of only 30 metres (on =
or a little under the seabed). The waveform of an explosion gets =
distorded and could be interpreted as a real natural event.
Regards,
Marchal
----- Original Message -----=20
From: JAMES RIDOUT=20
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Tuesday, May 19, 2009 10:18 PM
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
Hi, The depth of that event was 6.7km, Would that really have =
such an efect on the surface?
--- On Tue, 19/5/09, Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............> =
wrote:
From: Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............>
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Tuesday, 19 May, 2009, 8:34 PM
Hi,=20
They are clearing a WWII German mine in that Youtube movie, =
the authorities think there are still 100.000 to 300.000 old mines on =
the seabeds in the Channel and the North Sea.
Before 2005, about 50 of those old mines were localised =
yearly. In 2005 a deadly accident occured with a Dutch fishingboat; =
since then about 50 a month (!) of those old sea mines are localized. =
This explains those swarms of events also; the detonations need to be =
carried out during quiet weather.
Regards, Marchal
----- Original Message -----=20
From: JAMES RIDOUT=20
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Tuesday, May 19, 2009 9:15 PM
Subject: Re: English Channel Events
Hi, Thats great!, What are they blowing up? WW2 Mines, =
or testing something?
--- On Tue, 19/5/09, Marchal van Lare =
<vanlare@.............> wrote:
From: Marchal van Lare <vanlare@.............>
Subject: English Channel Events
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Tuesday, 19 May, 2009, 8:09 PM
Hi all,
Remember the discussion a little while ago about the =
English Channel 'swarm'; check out the video on youtube: =
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk
The video is made by someone aboard a Dutch =
minesweeper close to the Normandy coast (France). The video was shot on =
April 23rd ~17:40 UTC and the detonation was responsible for the event =
reported by the BGS: =
http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html
Regards,
Marchal=20
=20
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The waveform of the detonation looks =
different when=20
compared to that of a real event. The detonation took place at a depth =
of only=20
30 metres (on or a little under the seabed). The waveform of an =
explosion gets=20
distorded and could be interpreted as a real natural event.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Marchal</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Djamesridout@.................
href=3D"mailto:jamesridout@..............">JAMES RIDOUT</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, May 19, 2009 =
10:18=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: English Channel =
Events</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop>Hi, The depth of that event was 6.7km, Would =
that=20
really have such an efect on the surface?<BR><BR>--- On <B>Tue, =
19/5/09,=20
Marchal van Lare <I><<A=20
=
href=3D"mailto:vanlare@.............">vanlare@.............</A>></I></=
B>=20
wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: =
rgb(16,16,255) 2px solid">From:=20
Marchal van Lare <<A=20
=
href=3D"mailto:vanlare@.............">vanlare@.............</A>><BR>Su=
bject:=20
Re: English Channel Events<BR>To: <A=20
=
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A><BR>Date:=20
Tuesday, 19 May, 2009, 8:34 PM<BR><BR>
<DIV id=3Dyiv1528952572>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>They are clearing a WWII =
German mine in=20
that Youtube movie, the authorities think there are still =
100.000 to=20
300.000 old mines on the seabeds in the Channel and the North=20
Sea.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Before 2005, about 50 of =
those old mines=20
were localised yearly. In 2005 a deadly accident occured with =
a Dutch=20
fishingboat; since then about 50 a month (!) of those old sea =
mines=20
are localized. This explains those swarms of events also; the=20
detonations need to be carried out during quiet =
weather.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Regards, Marchal</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV>----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: =
5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt =
arial"><B>From:</B> <A=20
title=3Djamesridout@.................
href=3D"mailto:jamesridout@.............." target=3D_blank=20
rel=3Dnofollow>JAMES RIDOUT</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A=20
title=3Dpsn-l@.............. =
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@.............."=20
target=3D_blank rel=3Dnofollow>psn-l@..............</A> =
</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, May =
19, 2009=20
9:15 PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: English =
Channel=20
Events</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop>Hi, Thats great!, What are they blowing =
up? WW2=20
Mines, or testing something?<BR><BR>--- On <B>Tue, =
19/5/09,=20
Marchal van Lare <I><<A =
href=3D"mailto:vanlare@............."=20
target=3D_blank=20
rel=3Dnofollow>vanlare@.............</A>></I></B> =
wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: rgb(16,16,255) 2px solid">From:=20
Marchal van Lare <<A =
href=3D"mailto:vanlare@............."=20
target=3D_blank=20
=
rel=3Dnofollow>vanlare@.............</A>><BR>Subject:=20
English Channel Events<BR>To: <A=20
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@.............." target=3D_blank =
rel=3Dnofollow>psn-l@..............</A><BR>Date: =
Tuesday, 19=20
May, 2009, 8:09 PM<BR><BR>
<DIV id=3Dyiv1790344872>
<STYLE></STYLE>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi =
all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Remember the =
discussion a=20
little while ago about the English Channel 'swarm'; =
check=20
out the video on youtube: <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk"=20
target=3D_blank=20
=
rel=3Dnofollow>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DH33XlT9Oxlk</A></FONT></D=
IV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The video is made =
by someone=20
aboard a Dutch minesweeper close to the Normandy =
coast=20
(France). The video was shot on April=20
23rd ~17:40 UTC and the detonation was =
responsible for=20
the event reported by the BGS: <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3.html" =
target=3D_blank=20
=
rel=3Dnofollow>http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090423174150.3=
..html</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial=20
=
size=3D2>Marchal</FONT></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE=
></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE><=
/BODY></HTML>
Subject: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sun, 24 May 2009 20:35:23 +0000
Hi all
I did one little change to my lehman seismometer. I did rase the front
of the seismomter up from where it was. This appears to have incresed
it's period to about 12 seconds.
Here is are pictures of what I did.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5240001.jpg.html
I can send psn file to anyone how wants.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Gurlap CMG-5T
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Sun, 24 May 2009 14:46:07 -0600
Hi Folks, =20
I have been reading about the Gurlap CMG-5T Triaxial Accelerometer. I =
have found the operator's guide as a pdf file.
Just curious what is inside the housing. I am not going to purchase =
one, but I see the manufacture mentioned from time to time. Does =
anyone have a pictures of the inside, or an explanation of it's inner =
workings. I also could not find a price, just curious of the price =
range.
Thanks, Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial><FONT size=3D3>Hi Folks</FONT>, =20
<P><FONT size=3D3>I have been reading about the Gurlap CMG-5T =
Triaxial=20
Accelerometer. I have found the operator's guide as a pdf=20
file.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D3>Just curious what is inside the housing. I =
am not=20
going to purchase one, but I see the manufacture mentioned from time to=20
time. Does anyone have a pictures of the inside, or an =
explanation=20
of it's inner workings. I also could not find a price, =
just=20
curious of the price range.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D3>Thanks, Ted</FONT></P></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Possible big earthquake going to hit Greece/Macedonia soon
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sun, 24 May 2009 23:20:27 +0000
Hi all
There has been a large swarm in Greece/Macedonia today. I find it
possible that there might be big earthquake there soon. However, the
data so far is unclear on if that is going to happen or not.
EMSC has great info on the earthquakes that have happened so far.
http://www.emsc-csem.org/index.php?page=3Dcurrent&sub=3Dlist
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Possible big earthquake going to hit Greece/Macedonia soon
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Sun, 24 May 2009 16:22:41 -0700
My ear is to the ground.
Is the swarm deeper than their usual swarm depths?=20
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: Sunday, May 24, 2009 4:20 PM
To: PSN-Postlist
Subject: Possible big earthquake going to hit Greece/Macedonia soon
Hi all
There has been a large swarm in Greece/Macedonia today. I find it =
possible
that there might be big earthquake there soon. However, the data so far =
is
unclear on if that is going to happen or not.
EMSC has great info on the earthquakes that have happened so far.
http://www.emsc-csem.org/index.php?page=3Dcurrent&sub=3Dlist
Regards.
--
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Possible big earthquake going to hit Greece/Macedonia soon
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Sun, 24 May 2009 16:22:41 -0700
My ear is to the ground.
Is the swarm deeper than their usual swarm depths?=20
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: Sunday, May 24, 2009 4:20 PM
To: PSN-Postlist
Subject: Possible big earthquake going to hit Greece/Macedonia soon
Hi all
There has been a large swarm in Greece/Macedonia today. I find it =
possible
that there might be big earthquake there soon. However, the data so far =
is
unclear on if that is going to happen or not.
EMSC has great info on the earthquakes that have happened so far.
http://www.emsc-csem.org/index.php?page=3Dcurrent&sub=3Dlist
Regards.
--
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sun, 24 May 2009 22:48:29 -0700
It Seems To Me your floor was not level to begin with ?
You most probably needed an angle of 1 degree or less
from level ?
I figure a little over 2 degrees for only 5 seconds
using trig to figure the effect on the acceleration
of gravity.
P=2PiSQR(L/g)
P = period in seconds
Pi = 3.121(whatever)
SQR = SQUARE ROOT OF()
L = length of pendulum in inches
g = gravity in inches per (second squared)
g' = SINE or COSINE of the anglular displacement from zero g
If you fix L
at current gravity
you change angle according to
SINE or COSINE
like g sin(angle) relative to horizontal
or vertical.
At vertical you got full g
but at horizontal or inverted its zero.
Sort of vectored by a lever arm.
A spring with a linear constant acts
just like a pendulum.
If it takes 10 inches to get one second on a
pendulum it also takes ten inches of extension
of a spring to get one second.
Or so it seems to me.
In Physics class we used this frictionless
puck floating on a rail at different angles
to show how it could affect the acceleration.
Frictionless on a cushion of air.
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
Sent: Sunday, May 24, 2009 1:35 PM
Subject: Did I get 12 second period ?
Hi all
I did one little change to my lehman seismometer. I did rase the front
of the seismomter up from where it was. This appears to have incresed
it's period to about 12 seconds.
Here is are pictures of what I did.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5240001.jpg.html
I can send psn file to anyone how wants.
Regards.
--
Jón Frímann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Mon, 25 May 2009 12:54:38 +0000
Hi
The floor is level, this is the same floor where I keep my geophone,
with any issues.
However, the lehman sensor appears to be this high so I can get 12 to 20
second period. I am not sure why that is.
The only problem that I am dealing with now is that once I have setup
the correct period. I something find that the coil slides to the magnets
and gets stuck there. I do not know why that movment happens. I am
trying to fix that issue.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On sun, 2009-05-24 at 22:48 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> It Seems To Me your floor was not level to begin with ?
> You most probably needed an angle of 1 degree or less
> from level ?
> I figure a little over 2 degrees for only 5 seconds
> using trig to figure the effect on the acceleration
> of gravity.
> P=3D2PiSQR(L/g)
> P =3D period in seconds
> Pi =3D 3.121(whatever)
> SQR =3D SQUARE ROOT OF()
> L =3D length of pendulum in inches
> g =3D gravity in inches per (second squared)
> g' =3D SINE or COSINE of the anglular displacement from zero g
>=20
> If you fix L
> at current gravity
> you change angle according to
> SINE or COSINE
> like g sin(angle) relative to horizontal
> or vertical.
> At vertical you got full g
> but at horizontal or inverted its zero.
> Sort of vectored by a lever arm.
> A spring with a linear constant acts
> just like a pendulum.
> If it takes 10 inches to get one second on a
> pendulum it also takes ten inches of extension
> of a spring to get one second.
> Or so it seems to me.
> In Physics class we used this frictionless
> puck floating on a rail at different angles
> to show how it could affect the acceleration.
> Frictionless on a cushion of air.
>=20
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Sunday, May 24, 2009 1:35 PM
> Subject: Did I get 12 second period ?
>=20
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> I did one little change to my lehman seismometer. I did rase the front
> of the seismomter up from where it was. This appears to have incresed
> it's period to about 12 seconds.
>=20
> Here is are pictures of what I did.
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5240001.jpg.html
>=20
> I can send psn file to anyone how wants.
>=20
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Mon, 25 May 2009 08:31:12 -0700
Hi Jon,
Now you want to adjust the beam to be horizontal again. And what do you =
have
as the feet for your seismo. They look rubber tipped, I suggest brass or
stainless steel acorn nuts. You don't want the feet to act as a cushion.
Gary
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
On
Behalf Of J=F3n Fr=EDmann
Sent: Sunday, May 24, 2009 1:35 PM
To: PSN-Postlist
Subject: Did I get 12 second period ?
Hi all
I did one little change to my lehman seismometer. I did rase the front
of the seismomter up from where it was. This appears to have incresed
it's period to about 12 seconds.
Here is are pictures of what I did.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5240001.jpg.html
I can send psn file to anyone how wants.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Mon, 25 May 2009 11:00:38 -0700
Hello Mr. Frimann;
I understand you live in cold country.
Could it be possible that ice will
somehow throw your entire
house out of level however slight
that may be ??
Freezing around the foundation ?
An error of only a fraction of a degree
from level will make a difference with the device
you are using. By comparison a geophone
will operate with more slop ( greater displacement
in orientation ). I think my geophone has a slop of
5 degrees from level. ( HS-10-1 ).
Possibly there is something magnetic on your boom
attracting to the magnets ??
regards
geoff
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Monday, May 25, 2009 5:54 AM
Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
Hi
The floor is level, this is the same floor where I keep my geophone,
with any issues.
However, the lehman sensor appears to be this high so I can get 12 to 20
second period. I am not sure why that is.
The only problem that I am dealing with now is that once I have setup
the correct period. I something find that the coil slides to the magnets
and gets stuck there. I do not know why that movment happens. I am
trying to fix that issue.
Regards.
Jón Frímann.
On sun, 2009-05-24 at 22:48 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> It Seems To Me your floor was not level to begin with ?
> You most probably needed an angle of 1 degree or less
> from level ?
> I figure a little over 2 degrees for only 5 seconds
> using trig to figure the effect on the acceleration
> of gravity.
> P=2PiSQR(L/g)
> P = period in seconds
> Pi = 3.121(whatever)
> SQR = SQUARE ROOT OF()
> L = length of pendulum in inches
> g = gravity in inches per (second squared)
> g' = SINE or COSINE of the anglular displacement from zero g
>
> If you fix L
> at current gravity
> you change angle according to
> SINE or COSINE
> like g sin(angle) relative to horizontal
> or vertical.
> At vertical you got full g
> but at horizontal or inverted its zero.
> Sort of vectored by a lever arm.
> A spring with a linear constant acts
> just like a pendulum.
> If it takes 10 inches to get one second on a
> pendulum it also takes ten inches of extension
> of a spring to get one second.
> Or so it seems to me.
> In Physics class we used this frictionless
> puck floating on a rail at different angles
> to show how it could affect the acceleration.
> Frictionless on a cushion of air.
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: "PSN-Postlist" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Sunday, May 24, 2009 1:35 PM
> Subject: Did I get 12 second period ?
>
>
> Hi all
>
> I did one little change to my lehman seismometer. I did rase the front
> of the seismomter up from where it was. This appears to have incresed
> it's period to about 12 seconds.
>
> Here is are pictures of what I did.
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5240001.jpg.html
>
> I can send psn file to anyone how wants.
>
> Regards.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: 4.7 North Korea? Possibably nuclear test?
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Mon, 25 May 2009 15:39:44 -0600
Hi Folks, Did anyone pick this up?? I have a very unusual signal =
during this hour, I will process it asap. =20
=20
The shallow, magnitude 4.7 seismic event that occurred on 25 May 2009 at =
00:54:43 UTC is linked to the claim of a nuclear test by North Korean =
officials. While the USGS cannot positively identify the seismic event =
as a nuclear test, it was shallow and located in the vicinity of the 9 =
October 2006 North Korean nuclear test (magnitude 4.3). Moreover, =
comparisons of the seismograms of the 9 October 2006 and 25 May 2009 =
events at individual seismic stations shows similar features, suggesting =
that the two events are in close spatial proximity and are the same type =
of source, although the more recent event is larger.
Thanks, Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Folks, Did anyone pick this=20
up?? I have a very unusual signal during this hour, I =
will=20
process it asap. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>The shallow, magnitude 4.7 seismic event that occurred on 25 May =
2009 at=20
00:54:43 UTC is linked to the claim of a nuclear test by North Korean =
officials.=20
While the USGS cannot positively identify the seismic event as a nuclear =
test,=20
it was shallow and located in the vicinity of the <A=20
href=3D"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/eqinthenews/2006/ustqab/">9 =
October=20
2006 North Korean nuclear test</A> (magnitude 4.3). Moreover, =
comparisons of the=20
seismograms of the 9 October 2006 and 25 May 2009 events at individual =
seismic=20
stations shows similar features, suggesting that the two events are in =
close=20
spatial proximity and are the same type of source, although the more =
recent=20
event is larger.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: North Korea
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Mon, 25 May 2009 16:02:45 -0600
Hi Again, No, I did not get it........No surprise, too small for me. =
I had some noise during this time, but it was definitely just noise.
Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Again, No, I did not get =
it........No=20
surprise, too small for me. I had some noise during this =
time, but=20
it was definitely just noise.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Ted</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Mon, 25 May 2009 18:23:27 EDT
In a message dated 25/05/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:
The floor is level, this is the same floor where I keep my geophone, with
any issues.
However, the lehman sensor appears to be this high so I can get 12 to 20
second period. I am not sure why that is.
Hi Jon,
It is the angle between the local vertical and the line joining the
centres of rotation of the top and bottom bearings which determines the
period.
_http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100003.jpg.html_
(http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100003.jpg.html) shows the
bottom bearing. You need to loosen the nuts and unscrew them so that the head of
the bolt is a few mm or more further AWAY from the bottom cross bar,
towards the mass. The tighten the nuts again. You will also have to adjust the
top suspension. Maybe adjust the top suspension so that the bolt head is
further away from the mass end?
The only problem that I am dealing with now is that once I have setup the
correct period. I sometimes find that the coil slides to the magnets and
gets stuck there. I do not know why that movment happens.
_http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100005.jpg.html_
(http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100005.jpg.html)
You have a bolt through the centre of the coil and another one suspending
it from the arm. Are these bolts, nuts, washers completely NON MAGNETIC?
eg.Brass and not nickel plated? Can you replace the metal bolt through the
coil with a nylon bolt? Maybe bolt or stick the coil to a sheet of fibreglass
/ plastic and attach this to the arm?
What metal is the plate supporting the magnet?
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>In a message dated 25/05/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>The
floor is level, this is the same floor where I keep my geophone, with an=
y
issues.<BR><BR>However, the lehman sensor appears to be this high so I=
can get
12 to 20<BR>second period. I am not sure why that is.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE=
>
<DIV>Hi Jon,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> It is the angle between the local vertical an=
d the
line joining the centres of rotation of the top and bottom bearings which=
determines the period.</DIV>
<DIV> <A
href=3D"http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100003.jpg.html">ht=
tp://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100003.jpg.html</A> show=
s
the bottom bearing. You need to loosen the nuts and unscrew them so that=
the
head of the bolt is a few mm or more further AWAY from the bottom cross ba=
r,
towards the mass. The tighten the nuts again. You will also have to=
adjust
the top suspension. Maybe adjust the top suspension so that the bolt head=
is
further away from the mass end?</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>The only
problem that I am dealing with now is that once I have setup the correct=
period. I sometimes find that the coil slides to the magnets and gets st=
uck
there. I do not know why that movment happens. </FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> <A
href=3D"http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100005.jpg.html">ht=
tp://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100005.jpg.html</A></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2><BR> </DIV></FONT>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> You have a bolt through the centre of the coi=
l and
another one suspending it from the arm. Are these bolts, nuts,
washers completely NON MAGNETIC? eg.Brass and not nickel plated? Can=
you
replace the metal bolt through the coil with a nylon bolt? Maybe bolt or=
stick
the coil to a sheet of fibreglass / plastic and attach this to the arm?</D=
IV>
<DIV> What metal is the plate supporting the
magnet?</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Mon, 25 May 2009 23:43:21 +0000
Hi all
After spending almost thee hours on the setup on the sensor. It appears
that I have managed to get ~15 second period, at least that is what
early resault tell me, I don't think I can get any better then that. I
did solve the magent pull issue by incresing the distance between the
coil and the magnet, it still gives signal. Everything that comes close
to the magent is made out of non-magnetic stuff, but for some unkown
reason there was magnetic pull.
The setup is not much diffrent. But I did change about the legs, so
there is no soft spot under them any more.
Current housing build rules state that gravel must be put around basis
of a house. The ground also only freezes 70 cm over the winter here in
Iceland. The place where I live is build on a bedrock that goes down few
km, I would guess.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On m=E1n, 2009-05-25 at 18:23 -0400, ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> In a message dated 25/05/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:
> The floor is level, this is the same floor where I keep my
> geophone, with any issues.
> =20
> However, the lehman sensor appears to be this high so I can
> get 12 to 20
> second period. I am not sure why that is.
> Hi Jon,
> =20
> It is the angle between the local vertical and the line joining
> the centres of rotation of the top and bottom bearings which
> determines the period.
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100003.jpg.html shows =
the bottom bearing. You need to loosen the nuts and unscrew them so that th=
e head of the bolt is a few mm or more further AWAY from the bottom cross b=
ar, towards the mass. The tighten the nuts again. You will also have to adj=
ust the top suspension. Maybe adjust the top suspension so that the bolt he=
ad is further away from the mass end?
> The only problem that I am dealing with now is that once I
> have setup the correct period. I sometimes find that the coil
> slides to the magnets and gets stuck there. I do not know why
> that movment happens.=20
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100005.jpg.html
>=20
> =20
>=20
> You have a bolt through the centre of the coil and another
> one suspending it from the arm. Are these bolts, nuts,
> washers completely NON MAGNETIC? eg.Brass and not nickel plated? Can
> you replace the metal bolt through the coil with a nylon bolt? Maybe
> bolt or stick the coil to a sheet of fibreglass / plastic and attach
> this to the arm?
> What metal is the plate supporting the magnet?
> =20
> Regards,
> =20
> Chris Chapman
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Tue, 26 May 2009 06:18:50 -0700
You Lucky Devil being on bedrock of Granite or ??
I got to go 800 feet underground to get to bedrock.
Have you considered possibly static electric charges
as causing the attraction on your boom ?
I have found when its very dry in the summer here
in AZ my whole place is charged like a rubber balloon
and until I grounded everything caused great problems
with my amplifier giving me bogus signals. It was
more like a proximity sensor than an EQ detector.
Use high quality microphone cable ( 100% shielded )
for all connections even power. Ground everything
but prevent ground loops from forming by cutting the shield
before it reaches the thing its going to from
the amplifier. Ground loops are unwanted stray AC/DC currents
circulating within the ground itself. Can be induced like in
a transformer.
Or so I understand.
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jón Frímann" <jonfr@.........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Monday, May 25, 2009 4:43 PM
Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
Hi all
After spending almost thee hours on the setup on the sensor. It appears
that I have managed to get ~15 second period, at least that is what
early resault tell me, I don't think I can get any better then that. I
did solve the magent pull issue by incresing the distance between the
coil and the magnet, it still gives signal. Everything that comes close
to the magent is made out of non-magnetic stuff, but for some unkown
reason there was magnetic pull.
The setup is not much diffrent. But I did change about the legs, so
there is no soft spot under them any more.
Current housing build rules state that gravel must be put around basis
of a house. The ground also only freezes 70 cm over the winter here in
Iceland. The place where I live is build on a bedrock that goes down few
km, I would guess.
Regards.
Jón Frímann.
On mán, 2009-05-25 at 18:23 -0400, ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> In a message dated 25/05/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:
> The floor is level, this is the same floor where I keep my
> geophone, with any issues.
>
> However, the lehman sensor appears to be this high so I can
> get 12 to 20
> second period. I am not sure why that is.
> Hi Jon,
>
> It is the angle between the local vertical and the line joining
> the centres of rotation of the top and bottom bearings which
> determines the period.
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100003.jpg.html shows the bottom bearing. You need to loosen the nuts and
> unscrew them so that the head of the bolt is a few mm or more further AWAY from the bottom cross bar, towards the mass. The
> tighten the nuts again. You will also have to adjust the top suspension. Maybe adjust the top suspension so that the bolt head is
> further away from the mass end?
> The only problem that I am dealing with now is that once I
> have setup the correct period. I sometimes find that the coil
> slides to the magnets and gets stuck there. I do not know why
> that movment happens.
> http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100005.jpg.html
>
>
>
> You have a bolt through the centre of the coil and another
> one suspending it from the arm. Are these bolts, nuts,
> washers completely NON MAGNETIC? eg.Brass and not nickel plated? Can
> you replace the metal bolt through the coil with a nylon bolt? Maybe
> bolt or stick the coil to a sheet of fibreglass / plastic and attach
> this to the arm?
> What metal is the plate supporting the magnet?
>
> Regards,
>
> Chris Chapman
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Tue, 26 May 2009 22:09:11 +0000
Hi
The bedrock is made out of basalt, it is the most common rock in
Iceland. I live in a slope of a extint volcano and this is one of it's
older lave flows that I am top of.
I found out why the attraction was happeing. The boom is made out of
iron and in 15 second setup it is so sensitive that the magnet
attratching it when it is too close. I am going to fix that issue
tomorrow by replacing the boom the aluminum one that I have. I cannot
use it now, as I need to do minor changes to it so it works properly.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On =FEri, 2009-05-26 at 06:18 -0700, Geoffrey wrote:
> You Lucky Devil being on bedrock of Granite or ??
> I got to go 800 feet underground to get to bedrock.
>=20
>=20
> Have you considered possibly static electric charges
> as causing the attraction on your boom ?
>=20
> I have found when its very dry in the summer here
> in AZ my whole place is charged like a rubber balloon
> and until I grounded everything caused great problems
> with my amplifier giving me bogus signals. It was
> more like a proximity sensor than an EQ detector.
> Use high quality microphone cable ( 100% shielded )
> for all connections even power. Ground everything
> but prevent ground loops from forming by cutting the shield
> before it reaches the thing its going to from
> the amplifier. Ground loops are unwanted stray AC/DC currents
> circulating within the ground itself. Can be induced like in
> a transformer.
> Or so I understand.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "J=F3n Fr=EDmann" <jonfr@.........>
> To: <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Monday, May 25, 2009 4:43 PM
> Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
>=20
>=20
> Hi all
>=20
> After spending almost thee hours on the setup on the sensor. It appears
> that I have managed to get ~15 second period, at least that is what
> early resault tell me, I don't think I can get any better then that. I
> did solve the magent pull issue by incresing the distance between the
> coil and the magnet, it still gives signal. Everything that comes close
> to the magent is made out of non-magnetic stuff, but for some unkown
> reason there was magnetic pull.
>=20
> The setup is not much diffrent. But I did change about the legs, so
> there is no soft spot under them any more.
>=20
> Current housing build rules state that gravel must be put around basis
> of a house. The ground also only freezes 70 cm over the winter here in
> Iceland. The place where I live is build on a bedrock that goes down few
> km, I would guess.
>=20
> Regards.
> J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> On m=E1n, 2009-05-25 at 18:23 -0400, ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> > In a message dated 25/05/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:
> > The floor is level, this is the same floor where I keep my
> > geophone, with any issues.
> >
> > However, the lehman sensor appears to be this high so I can
> > get 12 to 20
> > second period. I am not sure why that is.
> > Hi Jon,
> >
> > It is the angle between the local vertical and the line joining
> > the centres of rotation of the top and bottom bearings which
> > determines the period.
> > http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100003.jpg.html show=
s the bottom bearing. You need to loosen the nuts and
> > unscrew them so that the head of the bolt is a few mm or more further A=
WAY from the bottom cross bar, towards the mass. The
> > tighten the nuts again. You will also have to adjust the top suspension=
.. Maybe adjust the top suspension so that the bolt head is
> > further away from the mass end?
> > The only problem that I am dealing with now is that once I
> > have setup the correct period. I sometimes find that the coil
> > slides to the magnets and gets stuck there. I do not know why
> > that movment happens.
> > http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p5100005.jpg.html
> >
> >
> >
> > You have a bolt through the centre of the coil and another
> > one suspending it from the arm. Are these bolts, nuts,
> > washers completely NON MAGNETIC? eg.Brass and not nickel plated? Can
> > you replace the metal bolt through the coil with a nylon bolt? Maybe
> > bolt or stick the coil to a sheet of fibreglass / plastic and attach
> > this to the arm?
> > What metal is the plate supporting the magnet?
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > Chris Chapman
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Honduras quake 5/28
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 06:37:53 -0500
Anybody else having trouble using USGS data and finding P off by as much
as 30 seconds?
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 06:10:36 -0600
Thomas, No, my P seems correct.
Ted
----- Original Message -----
From: "Thomas Dick" <dickthomas01@.............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Thursday, May 28, 2009 5:37 AM
Subject: Honduras quake 5/28
> Anybody else having trouble using USGS data and finding P off by as much
> as 30 seconds?
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28
From: Bob Hancock icarus@.........
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 06:52:09 -0700
I checked the P arrival time time at my station TPA (32.100883
-111.334383) using the USGS Phase arrival time program, and the
variance was + 0.7 seconds. The computed travel time was 345.93
seconds. See link for program.
http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/travel_times/compute_tt.html
I then checked the arrival time using the TauP Toolkit program
available through either iIRIS, or the University of South Carolina.
The travel time was listed as 344.93 seconds, and the variance was
-0.3 sec. NOTE - This is a Java based program.
These timing differences are normal and the result of different
material that the waves pass through.
A 30 second variance suggests that the timing used at your station was
off.
Bob Hancock
On May 28, 2009, at 4:37 AM, Thomas Dick wrote:
> Anybody else having trouble using USGS data and finding P off by as
> much as 30 seconds?
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body
> of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 09:54:16 -0500
> Thomas, No, my P seems correct.
Thanks both of you. I guess I was too sleepy. Came back up here after
your remarks and it fell where it was supposed to.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 18:44:39 +0000
Hi all
I got the Honduras earthquake, both on my geophone and on the
test-lehman setup that I have. The signal on the lehman sensor was poor,
both due to current setup and a storm front south of Iceland.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On fim, 2009-05-28 at 06:10 -0600, tchannel wrote:
> Thomas, No, my P seems correct.
> Ted
>=20
>=20
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "Thomas Dick" <dickthomas01@.............>
> To: <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Thursday, May 28, 2009 5:37 AM
> Subject: Honduras quake 5/28
>=20
>=20
> > Anybody else having trouble using USGS data and finding P off by as muc=
h=20
> > as 30 seconds?
> > __________________________________________________________
> >=20
> > Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
> >=20
> > To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> > the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> > See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
From: "Gary Lindgren" gel@.................
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 14:07:25 -0700
That quake really came in strong on my Lehman. But I have a question, about
15 minutes after the P and S wave, the amplitude of the response just
explodes. What are we seeing here, how do I explain this to others.
Gary
Gary Lindgren
585 Lincoln Ave
Palo Alto CA 94301
650-326-0655
<http://www.blue-eagle-technologies.com/> www.blue-eagle-technologies.com
Check out Lastest Seismometer Reading
<http://www.cymonsplace.blogspot.com/> cymonsplace.blogspot.com
<http://dtvtransitioninfo.blogspot.com/> dtvtransitioninfo.blogspot.com
Information on how to cope with the transition to DTV
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<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>That quake really came in strong on my Lehman. But =
I have a
question, about 15 minutes after the P and S wave, the amplitude of the
response just explodes. What are we seeing here, how do I explain this =
to
others.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Gary<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#548DD4'>Gary Lindgren</span></b><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
color:#548DD4'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#548DD4'>585 Lincoln Ave</span></b><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
color:#548DD4'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#548DD4'>Palo Alto CA 94301</span></b><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
color:#548DD4'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>650-326-0655<=
/span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href=3D"http://www.blue-eagle-technologies.com/"><span =
style=3D'color:blue'>www.blue-eagle-technologies.com</span></a> &nbs=
p;
<span style=3D'color:red'>Check out Lastest Seismometer =
Reading</span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href=3D"http://www.cymonsplace.blogspot.com/"><span =
style=3D'color:blue'>cymonsplace.blogspot.com</span></a> <o:p></o:p>=
</span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href=3D"http://dtvtransitioninfo.blogspot.com/"><span =
style=3D'color:blue'>dtvtransitioninfo.blogspot.com</span></a>  =
;
<span style=3D'color:red'>Information on how to cope with the transition =
to DTV</span>
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Subject: Re: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
From: Bob Hancock icarus@.........
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 14:16:55 -0700
You are seeing the surface wave arrivals. The waves are slower and
travel through the crust of the earth rather than down into the mantel
and returning. The Love waves precede the Rayleigh waves. The Love
wave is a horizontal wave visible on the transverse channel. The
Rayleigh wave is a vertical wave that is visible on the vertical and
radial channels. Depending upon the orientation of a single channel
horizontal instrument, and the ray path to the event, you could see
both Love & Rayleigh waves.
Bob Hancock
On May 28, 2009, at 2:07 PM, Gary Lindgren wrote:
> That quake really came in strong on my Lehman. But I have a
> question, about 15 minutes after the P and S wave, the amplitude of
> the response just explodes. What are we seeing here, how do I
> explain this to others.
> Gary
>
>
>
>
> Gary Lindgren
> 585 Lincoln Ave
> Palo Alto CA 94301
>
> 650-326-0655
>
> www.blue-eagle-technologies.com Check out Lastest Seismometer
> Reading
> cymonsplace.blogspot.com
> dtvtransitioninfo.blogspot.com Information on how to cope
> with the transition to DTV
>
>
<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div>You are seeing the surface =
wave arrivals. The waves are slower and travel through the crust =
of the earth rather than down into the mantel and returning. The =
Love waves precede the Rayleigh waves. The Love wave is =
a horizontal wave visible on the transverse channel. The =
Rayleigh wave is a vertical wave that is visible on the vertical and =
radial channels. Depending upon the orientation of a single =
channel horizontal instrument, and the ray path to the event, =
you could see both Love & Rayleigh =
waves.</div><div><br></div><div>Bob Hancock =
</div><div><br></div><br><div><div>On May 28, 2009, at 2:07 PM, =
Gary Lindgren wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><div class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; ">That quake really came in =
strong on my Lehman. But I have a question, about 15 minutes after the P =
and S wave, the amplitude of the response just explodes. What are we =
seeing here, how do I explain this to others.<o:p></o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; ">Gary<o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "><o:p> </o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; "><o:p> </o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "><o:p> </o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; "><o:p> </o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "><b><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(84, 141, 212); ">Gary =
Lindgren</span></b><b><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(84, =
141, 212); "><o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "><b><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(84, 141, 212); ">585 =
Lincoln Ave</span></b><b><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(84, =
141, 212); "><o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "><b><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(84, 141, 212); ">Palo =
Alto CA 94301</span></b><b><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; color: =
rgb(84, 141, 212); "><o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div style=3D"margin-top:=
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; =
"> <o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: =
0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; =
font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; =
font-family: Arial, sans-serif; =
">650-326-0655</span><o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "> <o:p></o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; "><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, =
sans-serif; "><a href=3D"http://www.blue-eagle-technologies.com/" =
style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underline; "><span style=3D"color: =
blue; ">www.blue-eagle-technologies.com</span></a> <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><span style=3D"color: red; =
">Check out Lastest Seismometer =
Reading</span></span><o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "><span style=3D"font-size: =
10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; "><a =
href=3D"http://www.cymonsplace.blogspot.com/" style=3D"color: blue; =
text-decoration: underline; "><span style=3D"color: blue; =
">cymonsplace.blogspot.com</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; "><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, =
sans-serif; "><a href=3D"http://dtvtransitioninfo.blogspot.com/" =
style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underline; "><span style=3D"color: =
blue; =
">dtvtransitioninfo.blogspot.com</span></a> &=
nbsp; <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><span =
style=3D"color: red; ">Information on how to cope with the transition to =
DTV</span></span><o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "> <o:p></o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; =
"><o:p> </o:p></div></div></div></span></blockquote></div><br></body>=
</html>=
Subject: Re: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 17:28:41 EDT
In a message dated 28/05/2009, gel@................. writes:
But I have a question, about 15 minutes after the P and S wave, the
amplitude of the response just explodes. What are we seeing here, how do I
explain this to others.
Hi Gary,
These will be Love surface waves.
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML xmlns:o =3D "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 28/05/2009, gel@................. writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>But I
have a question, about 15 minutes after the P and S wave, the amplitude=
of the
response just explodes. What are we seeing here, how do I explain this=
to
others.<o:p></o:p></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Gary,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> These will be Love surface waves.
</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
From: Brett Nordgren brett3nt@.............
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 17:26:29 -0400
Hi Gary,
Are they slow - 20 second period or so? Sounds like the surface waves to
me. Fifteen minutes is about what we saw from the first P wave to the
beginning of the surface waves.
Brett
At 02:07 PM 5/28/2009 -0700, you wrote:
>That quake really came in strong on my Lehman. But I have a question,
>about 15 minutes after the P and S wave, the amplitude of the response
>just explodes. What are we seeing here, how do I explain this to others.
>
>Gary
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 14:48:59 -0700
Question:
Since Rayleigh waves are vertical but vertical geophones are more designed
for vertical, higher frequency motions, would the geophone still pick up
these Rayleigh waves very well?
Also, in regard to the 20 second statement, does this mean that twenty
seconds pass before the second wave crest passes the sensor's location? What
does that look like on the seismogram? Seems like the record wouldn't
display much of a dramatic signature would it? Or would it display smooth
wavy lines?
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of Brett Nordgren
Sent: Thursday, May 28, 2009 2:26 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
Hi Gary,
Are they slow - 20 second period or so? Sounds like the surface waves to
me. Fifteen minutes is about what we saw from the first P wave to the
beginning of the surface waves.
Brett
At 02:07 PM 5/28/2009 -0700, you wrote:
>That quake really came in strong on my Lehman. But I have a question,
>about 15 minutes after the P and S wave, the amplitude of the response
>just explodes. What are we seeing here, how do I explain this to others.
>
>Gary
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 18:21:00 EDT
In a message dated 28/05/2009, system98765@............. writes:
Since Rayleigh waves are vertical but vertical geophones are more designed
for vertical, higher frequency motions, would the geophone still pick up
these Rayleigh waves very well?
Hi Gary,
This depends on the resonant frequency of your geophone, the frequency
of the wave and the amplifier characteristics. A 1 Hz wave on a 4.5 Hz
geophone will be (1/4.5)^2 down in amplitude = 1/20.25.
A 20 second wave will be (1/20*4.5)^2 down in amplitude = 1/8,100 so
the waves would have to be huge to show up at all.
If you added a period compensating amplifier from 4.5 to 0.5 Hz, the
20 second wave would be 1/100 down in amplitude, so you might well see it. A
1 Hz wave would be at full amplitude.
Also, in regard to the 20 second statement, does this mean that twenty
seconds pass before the second wave crest passes the sensor's location?
Correct.
What does that look like on the seismogram? Seems like the record wouldn't
display much of a dramatic signature would it? Or would it display smooth
wavy lines?
It usually looks like a fairly smooth wave 3 times each minute, but
you also get interference effects / humps / beats and noise.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>In a message dated 28/05/2009, system98765@............. writes:</DIV=
>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>Since
Rayleigh waves are vertical but vertical geophones are more designed<BR>=
for
vertical, higher frequency motions, would the geophone still pick up<BR>=
these
Rayleigh waves very well?</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV>Hi Gary,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> This depends on the resonant frequency of you=
r
geophone, the frequency of the wave and the amplifier characteristics=
.. A 1
Hz wave on a 4.5 Hz geophone will be (1/4.5)^2 down in amplitude =3D 1/20.=
25.
</DIV>
<DIV> A 20 second wave will be (1/20*4.5)^2 down in=
amplitude =3D 1/8,100 so the waves would have to be huge to show up at all=
.. </DIV>
<DIV> If you added a period compensating amplifier=
from
4.5 to 0.5 Hz, the 20 second wave would be 1/100 down in amplitude,=
so you
might well see it. A 1 Hz wave would be at full amplitude.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>Also, in
regard to the 20 second statement, does this mean that twenty<BR>seconds=
pass
before the second wave crest passes the sensor's location? </FONT></BLOC=
KQUOTE>
<DIV> Correct.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>What
does that look like on the seismogram? Seems like the record wouldn't di=
splay
much of a dramatic signature would it? Or would it display smooth wavy=
lines?</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> It usually looks like a fairly smooth wave 3=
times
each minute, but you also get interference effects / humps / beats=
and
noise.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2> Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2> Chris Chapman</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV></FONT>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28 and winsdr problem
From: Barry Lotz barry_lotz@.............
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 18:20:24 -0700 (PDT)
Thomas
I'm not sure if it's the same but , I am using Larry's winsdr and winquake. I am saving the channels as GIF files. Winsdr replayed the Honduras event well but when I tried to save and play in winquake I only get the first ~ 30 minutes regardless of the save time I input in winsdr. I restarted winsdr after the event and had no problem recording and saving the Jalisco events. Does anyone know how I can save ~100 min of the Honduras event given what I said above .... Larry?
Regards
Barry
--- On Thu, 5/28/09, Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............> wrote:
From: Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............>
Subject: Honduras quake 5/28
To: "psn-l@.............." <psn-l@..............>
Date: Thursday, May 28, 2009, 4:37 AM
Anybody else having trouble using USGS data and finding P off by as much as 30 seconds?
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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;">Thomas<br>I'm not sure if it's the same but , I am using Larry's winsdr and winquake. I am saving the channels as GIF files. Winsdr replayed the Honduras event well but when I tried to save and play in winquake I only get the first ~ 30 minutes regardless of the save time I input in winsdr. I restarted winsdr after the event and had no problem recording and saving the Jalisco events. Does anyone know how I can save ~100 min of the Honduras event given what I said above .... Larry?<br>Regards<br>Barry<br><br><br>--- On <b>Thu, 5/28/09, Thomas Dick <i><dickthomas01@.............></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"><br>From: Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............><br>Subject: Honduras quake 5/28<br>To: "psn-l@.............." <psn-l@..............><br>Date: Thursday,
May 28, 2009, 4:37 AM<br><br><div class="plainMail">Anybody else having trouble using USGS data and finding P off by as much as 30 seconds?<br>__________________________________________________________<br><br>Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)<br><br>To leave this list email <a ymailto="mailto:PSN-L-REQUEST@SEISMICNET.COM" href="/mc/compose?to=PSN-L-REQUEST@SEISMICNET.COM">PSN-L-REQUEST@SEISMICNET.COM</a> with the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe<br>See <a href="http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html" target="_blank">http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html</a> for more information.<br></div></blockquote></td></tr></table>
Subject: RE: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
From: Brett Nordgren brett3nt@.............
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 20:49:14 -0400
Kareem,
Here's a waveform of that quake from a good broadband vertical in Southern
California.
http://bnordgren.org/seismo/090528.083000.bhz-ph.psn.gif
The surface waves are usually around 20 seconds from each peak to the next
and they definitely show up nicely on the broadband, though I wouldn't
expect an ordinary geophone to have much sensitivity down at 0.05 Hz. As
you can see, the S wave is fairly weak, as is usual with a vertical.
Regards,
Brett
At 02:48 PM 5/28/2009 -0700, you wrote:
>Question:
>
>Since Rayleigh waves are vertical but vertical geophones are more designed
>for vertical, higher frequency motions, would the geophone still pick up
>these Rayleigh waves very well?
>
>Also, in regard to the 20 second statement, does this mean that twenty
>seconds pass before the second wave crest passes the sensor's location? What
>does that look like on the seismogram? Seems like the record wouldn't
>display much of a dramatic signature would it? Or would it display smooth
>wavy lines?
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Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28 and winsdr problem
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 21:32:32 -0500
Thanks, Barry, but my problem was operator error. I had transposed a
number in the coordinates. I got up and tried to work without two cups
of coffee.. I use the same software as you but have NOT had an occasion
to record over about 80 minutes...sorry can't help you.
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Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28 and winsdr problem
From: Barry Lotz barry_lotz@.............
Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 19:50:53 -0700 (PDT)
Thomas
I looked further. There appears to be a hole in my data between the P and S wave arrivals. I resolved to save the event starting just before the S wave arrival. "K sara sara"
Barry
--- On Thu, 5/28/09, Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............> wrote:
From: Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............>
Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28 and winsdr problem
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Thursday, May 28, 2009, 7:32 PM
Thanks, Barry, but my problem was operator error. I had transposed a number in the coordinates. I got up and tried to work without two cups of coffee.. I use the same software as you but have NOT had an occasion to record over about 80 minutes...sorry can't help you.
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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;">Thomas<br>I looked further. There appears to be a hole in my data between the P and S wave arrivals. I resolved to save the event starting just before the S wave arrival. "K sara sara"<br>Barry<br><br>--- On <b>Thu, 5/28/09, Thomas Dick <i><dickthomas01@.............></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"><br>From: Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............><br>Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28 and winsdr problem<br>To: psn-l@..............<br>Date: Thursday, May 28, 2009, 7:32 PM<br><br><div class="plainMail">Thanks, Barry, but my problem was operator error. I had transposed a number in the coordinates. I got up and tried to work without two cups of coffee.. I use the same software as you but have NOT had an occasion to record over about 80 minutes...sorry can't help
you.<br>__________________________________________________________<br><br>Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)<br><br>To leave this list email <a ymailto="mailto:PSN-L-REQUEST@SEISMICNET.COM" href="/mc/compose?to=PSN-L-REQUEST@SEISMICNET.COM">PSN-L-REQUEST@SEISMICNET.COM</a> with the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe<br>See <a href="http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html" target="_blank">http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html</a> for more information.<br></div></blockquote></td></tr></table>
Subject: Honduras event
From: Tangazazen@.......
Date: Fri, 29 May 2009 03:58:31 EDT
Hi All,
Is there anyone out there operating a tilt meter?
The Honduras event was detected by the tilt meter as a 12.5 to 15 minute
period oscillation, about 45 minutes after the arrival of the seismic wave.
Martin
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<DIV>Hi All,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Is there anyone out there operating a tilt meter?<=
/DIV>
<DIV>The Honduras event was detected by the tilt meter as a 12.5 to 15 min=
ute
period oscillation, about 45 minutes after the arrival of the seismic
wave.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Martin</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28 and winsdr problem
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Fri, 29 May 2009 06:43:15 -0500
Barry ... back up your data .... that hard drive is telling you something
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Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28 and winsdr problem
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Fri, 29 May 2009 12:16:32 +0000
Hi
Your hard drive might be on a path to destrouction, due to old age or a
factory fault.
I recomennd that you replace it.
Regards.
J=F3n Fr=EDmann.
On fim, 2009-05-28 at 19:50 -0700, Barry Lotz wrote:
> Thomas
> I looked further. There appears to be a hole in my data between the P
> and S wave arrivals. I resolved to save the event starting just before
> the S wave arrival. "K sara sara"
> Barry
>=20
> --- On Thu, 5/28/09, Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............> wrote:
> =20
> From: Thomas Dick <dickthomas01@.............>
> Subject: Re: Honduras quake 5/28 and winsdr problem
> To: psn-l@..............
> Date: Thursday, May 28, 2009, 7:32 PM
> =20
> Thanks, Barry, but my problem was operator error. I had
> transposed a number in the coordinates. I got up and tried to
> work without two cups of coffee.. I use the same software as
> you but have NOT had an occasion to record over about 80
> minutes...sorry can't help you.
> __________________________________________________________
> =20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
> =20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the
> body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more
> information.
> =20
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
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Subject: RE: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
From: "David Saum" DSaum@............
Date: Fri, 29 May 2009 08:51:04 -0400 (EDT)
> Subject: RE: Honduras Quake 5/28/09
> From: "Kareem Lanier" <system98765@.............>
> Date: Thu, 28 May 2009 14:48:59 -0700
>
> Question:
>
> Since Rayleigh waves are vertical but vertical geophones are more designed
> for vertical, higher frequency motions, would the geophone still pick up
> these Rayleigh waves very well?
It is a common misconception that 4.5 Hz geophones can not pick
up seismic signals below 0.1 Hz, or that they need special
post processing to do so.
I often pick up 0.05 Hz or lower signals from strong teleseismic events
with my horizontal 4.5 Hz geophone systems that do not have any
spectral emphasis processing on the lower frequencies
Here is one of my 4.5 Hz horizontal geophone
teleseismic detections:
2003 January 20 08:43:06.0 UTC
Magnitude 7.2 - SOLOMON ISLANDS: 13,500 km from Bailey's Crossroads, VA
spectra from horizontal 4.5 hz geophone with no filtering
http://www.infiltec.com/seismo/030120f.gif
Amaseis 24Hr Helicorder display with 0.1Hz low-pass
http://www.infiltec.com/seismo/030120h.gif
display of time data with 0.1 Hz low-pass
http://www.infiltec.com/seismo/030122w.gif
for more examples, see
http://www.infiltec.com/seismo/inf-qm45.htm
It helps to use a low-noise amplifier with auto-zero
to reduce 1/f noise, do 16 bits or better A/D to preserve
your dynamic range, to have a multi-pole low pass
Bessel filter for antialiasing, and to sample fast
enough to allow your antialiasing to keep your noise
spectra from folding back on itself. All of that will
lower your background noise in the lower frequency
bands of seismic interest.
Dave
http://www.infiltec.com/seismo
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Subject: Re: Honduras Quake / geophones
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Fri, 29 May 2009 14:33:09 EDT
In a message dated 29/05/2009, DSaum@............ writes:
> Since Rayleigh waves are vertical but vertical geophones are more
designed for vertical, higher >frequency motions, would the geophone still pick
up these Rayleigh waves very well?
It is a common misconception that 4.5 Hz geophones can not pick up seismic
signals below 0.1 Hz, or that they need special post processing to do so.
I often pick up 0.05 Hz or lower signals from strong teleseismic events
with my horizontal 4.5 Hz geophone systems that do not have any spectral
emphasis processing on the lower frequencies
Hi Dave,
Sure you can occasionally pick up 20 second waves on a 4.5 Hz
geophone, but the sensitivity is a factor of x8,100 down. However, most of us want
to be able to sense the long period waves all the time. It is relatively
difficult to extend the period of a velocity sensor by more than x10. You can
get more, but you need a very low noise amplifier. I extend the period of
4.5 Hz geophones down to 0.5 Hz to pick up P and S waves better.
If you simply change your technology to Piezo sensors 102-1170-ND @ US
$1.62 instead of 4.5 Hz geophones, you can do this fairly easily. You do
need to make a suitable FET input amplifier; the piezo disk needs to be kept
dry and at a fairly stable temperature. I use a honey jar with a metal
lid, a moulded rubber seal and a sachet of silica gel. I stick a PCB disk with
soldered electrical feed through pins over a hole in the lid, using two
part acrylic adhesive. The amplifier is mounted inside the lid of the jar, to
keep it dry. The input impedance is about 50 M Ohms.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
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bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 29/05/2009, DSaum@............ writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>>
Since Rayleigh waves are vertical but vertical geophones are more
designed for vertical, higher >frequency motions, would the geop=
hone
still pick up these Rayleigh waves very well?<BR><BR>It is a common=
misconception that 4.5 Hz geophones can not pick up seismic signals belo=
w 0.1
Hz, or that they need special post processing to do so.<BR><BR>I often=
pick up
0.05 Hz or lower signals from strong teleseismic events with my horizont=
al 4.5
Hz geophone systems that do not have any spectral emphasis processing on=
the
lower frequencies<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Dave,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Sure you can occasionally pick up 20 second=
waves
on a 4.5 Hz geophone, but the sensitivity is a factor of x8,100 down.=
However, most of us want to be able to sense the long period waves al=
l the
time. It is relatively difficult to extend the period of a velocity sensor=
by
more than x10. You can get more, but you need a very low noise amplif=
ier. I
extend the period of 4.5 Hz geophones down to 0.5 Hz to pick up P and S wa=
ves
better.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> If you simply change your technology to Piezo=
sensors 102-1170-ND @ US $1.62 instead of 4.5 Hz geophones, you can do thi=
s
fairly easily. You do need to make a suitable FET input amplifie=
r; the
piezo disk needs to be kept dry and at a fairly stable temperature.=
I use a
honey jar with a metal lid, a moulded rubber seal and a sachet of silica=
gel. I
stick a PCB disk with soldered electrical feed through pins over=
a
hole in the lid, using two part acrylic adhesive. The amplifier is mo=
unted
inside the lid of the jar, to keep it dry. The input impedance is about 50=
M
Ohms.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Earthquake in Iceland
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Fri, 29 May 2009 21:57:22 +0000
Hi all
At 21:33 on the 29th May 2009, there was a earthquake of size Mb4,6 -
5,0 in Iceland.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
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Subject: Re: Did I get 12 second period ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Sat, 30 May 2009 00:56:56 +0000
Hi all
Here is a signal that I did get tonight with a 12 second period lehman
type sensor. I have changed the setup a bit from previus setup, this
appears to give me a clear signal. The magnets are now aligned with the
coil, so the magnetic field is now stable when the coil moves. That way
I got rid of increse, decrese effect of the magent in regards to the
coil. The setup is not complete, as I need correct magnets. But I have
setup a test magnets for the time being. The first resaults are good.
The sensor has a high peak around 12 seconds, but is able to detect
signal up to 0.1Hz, as can been seen on this earthquake detection. It
goes as low as 20 seconds I think.=20
This is work in progress, I am going to get rare-earth magnets next
month to make the final improvement to my lehman seismomter.
Here is the signal. This earthquake was Mw4,92 in size at the distance
of 180 km.
http://seismicnet.com/cgi-dos/makegif.exe?/quakes/0905/090529.213318.hvtlhn=
..psn
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
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Subject: Level of garden gate style horizontal seismometers
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sat, 30 May 2009 14:31:29 -0700
Hello PSN;
Just out of curiosity has any of you guys with
those garden gate seismometers ever put one
of these little plastic levels on the lever
to see just how far off level it is at
10 or 20 seconds. I mean here like 1/2,
1/4 or so a bubble across the line
if you understand what I mean here ?
Maybe it is not even crossing the line
but you can see possibly its off level
and just touching the reference line ?
They got these fish eye levels that just tell you
the horizontal and I thought that that might help set
up your period ??
Has anyone ever seen a cheap calibrated level
that will tell you fractions of a degree
off level ?
Metrology, I have always thought, would be
a good profession to be in. :-)
Any comments ?
geoff
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Subject: Re: Honduras Quake / geophones
From: "David Saum" DSaum@............
Date: Sat, 30 May 2009 18:49:19 -0400 (EDT)
> Subject: Re: Honduras Quake / geophones
> From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
> Date: Fri, 29 May 2009 14:33:09 EDT
> If you simply change your technology to Piezo sensors 102-1170-ND @
> US
> $1.62 instead of 4.5 Hz geophones, you can do this fairly easily. You do
> need to make a suitable FET input amplifier; the piezo disk needs to be
> kept
> dry and at a fairly stable temperature. I use a honey jar with a metal
> lid, a moulded rubber seal and a sachet of silica gel. I stick a PCB disk
> with
> soldered electrical feed through pins over a hole in the lid, using two
> part acrylic adhesive. The amplifier is mounted inside the lid of the
> jar, to
> keep it dry. The input impedance is about 50 M Ohms.
Hi Chris
Sounds interesting in theory, but how well does it actually work?
Do you have any data/spectra from your piezo device that shows it
picks up teleseismic events as well as a my horizontal 4.5 Hz geophone?
Dave
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Subject: Re: Geophones / Piezo sensors
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sat, 30 May 2009 23:49:30 EDT
In a message dated 30/05/2009, DSaum@............ writes:
Hi Chris
Sounds interesting in theory, but how well does it actually work?
Do you have any data / spectra from your piezo device that shows it
picks up teleseismic events as well as a my horizontal 4.5 Hz geophone?
Dave
Hi Dave,
There are more sensor construction details and circuits at
_http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html_
(http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html) Please Note that the stated circuit
components and their values are critical to success.
The device acts as an accelerometer, but the internal noise of
capacitor is very low and the voltage sensitivity to bending stresses is high.
I initially extended the period of my 4.5 Hz geophones by x10 to 0.5
Hz using a modified Roberts circuit and it worked fine. See
_http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html_
(http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html) The increased response to teleseismic P and S waves is
very evident. The modifications were to effectively add a high pass function
at about 0.3 Hz to remove most of the 1/f VLF noise, that the original
circuit displays only too well. You can use CAZ opamps for the input stages
($$), but a filter also reduces 6 second microseism noise, which is also
quite obvious. I do not find microseisms particularly interesting.
Lennartz put a negative input impedance amplifier onto 4.5 or 2 Hz
geophones and amplify the current required to keep the mass stationary. They
can increase the response period to 20 seconds this way, but you need
careful temperature compensation and a very low noise amplifier. See
_http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seismometers/Seismometers.html_
(http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seismometers/Seismometers.htm
l) The NoeMax triaxial sensor used in French schools appears to be
similar but they are not exactly cheap either. See
_http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/NoeMax/NoeMax.pdf_
(http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/NoeMax/NoeMax.pdf) The apparent output
response below 0.05 Hz concerns me and it crosses the NHNM high ground noise
plot. Extending 4.5 Hz geophones to 20 seconds is a factor of x90. This
would be below the noise level of the 'standard' seismic amplifier that I
used.
I first made a very simple piezo detector by sticking a disk onto two
ridges of adhesive silicone rubber spaced 1.25" apart on a backing plate.
This silicone adhesive does NOT smell of acetic acid / vinegar. I then stuck
a brass rod parallel to the ridges on the top centre of the disk. I used a
unity gain FET amplifier to provide a signal for the same amplifier used
for observing the geophone signal. The piezo signal for the background noise
was about 5x that of the geophone, measured on an oscilloscpe. I then
tried to optimise the design and extend the period as far as practicable. My
sensors do work fine to well below 1 Hz. I do not know about yours, Dave.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
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ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 30/05/2009, DSaum@............ writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>Hi
Chris<BR>Sounds interesting in theory, but how well does it actually
work?<BR>Do you have any data / spectra from your piezo device that show=
s
it<BR>picks up teleseismic events as well as a my horizontal 4.5 Hz
geophone?<BR>Dave<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Dave,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> There are more sensor construction details an=
d
circuits at <A
href=3D"http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html">http:/=
/www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html</A> Please
Note that the stated circuit components and their values are critical=
to
success.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> The device acts as an accelerometer, but the=
internal noise of capacitor is very low and the voltage sensitivity to ben=
ding
stresses is high.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I initially extended the period of my 4.5 Hz=
geophones by x10 to 0.5 Hz using a modified Roberts circuit and it worked=
fine.
See <A
href=3D"http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html">http://www.j=
clahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html</A> The
increased response to teleseismic P and S waves is very evident. The
modifications were to effectively add a high pass function at about=
0.3 Hz
to remove most of the 1/f VLF noise, that the original circuit displ=
ays
only too well. You can use CAZ opamps for the input stages ($$), but a fil=
ter
also reduces 6 second microseism noise, which is also quite obvious. I do=
not
find microseisms particularly interesting.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Lennartz put a negative input impedance ampli=
fier
onto 4.5 or 2 Hz geophones and amplify the current required to keep the ma=
ss
stationary. They can increase the response period to 20 seconds this=
way,
but you need careful temperature compensation and a very low noise
amplifier. See <A
href=3D"http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seismometers/Se=
ismometers.html">http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seismo=
meters/Seismometers.html</A> The
NoeMax triaxial sensor used in French schools appears to be simi=
lar
but they are not exactly cheap either. See <A
href=3D"http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/NoeMax/=
NoeMax.pdf">http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/Noe=
Max/NoeMax.pdf</A>
The apparent output response below 0.05 Hz concerns me and it crosses the=
NHNM
high ground noise plot. Extending 4.5 Hz geophones to 20 seconds is a fact=
or of
x90. This would be below the noise level of the 'standard' seismic amplifi=
er
that I used. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> I first made a very simple piezo detector by=
sticking a disk onto two ridges of adhesive silicone rubber spaced 1.25"=
apart
on a backing plate. This silicone adhesive does NOT smell of acetic acid=
/
vinegar. I then stuck a brass rod parallel to the ridges on the top centre=
of
the disk. I used a unity gain FET amplifier to provide a signal for the sa=
me
amplifier used for observing the geophone signal. The piezo signal for the=
background noise was about 5x that of the geophone, measured on an
oscilloscpe. I then tried to optimise the design and extend the perio=
d as
far as practicable. My sensors do work fine to well below 1 Hz. =
I do
not know about yours, Dave.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Level of garden gate style horizontal seismometers
From: Charles Patton charles.r.patton@........
Date: Sat, 30 May 2009 21:00:23 -0700
Geoff,
The level of the arm is unimportant. The key is the plane of the arc
described by the movement of the center of gravity of the garden gate
(nominally the weight on the arm but with heavy arms, significantly
closer to the pivot than the center of the weight. So a more useful
measure is how close to vertical the pivots are, but this is also not
exact as the pivot geometry enters into the calculation. See:
http://www.myeclectic.info/SeismoPivots/seismopivots.htm
for a longer discussion on this subject along with formulas of the
trajectory.
Regards,
Charles Patton
Geoffrey wrote:
> Hello PSN;
>
> Just out of curiosity has any of you guys with
> those garden gate seismometers ever put one
> of these little plastic levels on the lever
> to see just how far off level it is at
> 10 or 20 seconds. I mean here like 1/2,
> 1/4 or so a bubble across the line
> if you understand what I mean here ?
>
> Maybe it is not even crossing the line
> but you can see possibly its off level
> and just touching the reference line ?
>
> They got these fish eye levels that just tell you
> the horizontal and I thought that that might help set
> up your period ??
>
> Has anyone ever seen a cheap calibrated level
> that will tell you fractions of a degree
> off level ?
>
> Metrology, I have always thought, would be
> a good profession to be in. :-)
>
> Any comments ?
>
> geoff
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Geophones / Piezo sensors
From: "Steve Hammond" shammon1@.............
Date: Sat, 30 May 2009 21:31:07 -0700
This is a really old idea. It's funny how things keep coming back around. In
1991 Bob Ogborn of San Jose and later Texas built a bunch of these types of
devices. They are best for short periods and local events. His design was
simple. He used the Piezo butterfly fan from the Apple computer and encased
it in a short length of PVC pipe with two PVC caps. He drilled a hole in one
cap for the wires to exit and filled the device with oil for damping and
then sealed it up with glue. They worked well enough but they can generate a
lot of current if they are tapped too hard so he had to protect the circuit
with two clamping diodes or the current would fry the electronics.
Regards, Steve Hammond PSN San Jose, Aptos CA.
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of ChrisAtUpw@.......
Sent: Saturday, May 30, 2009 8:50 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Geophones / Piezo sensors
In a message dated 30/05/2009, DSaum@............ writes:
Hi Chris
Sounds interesting in theory, but how well does it actually work?
Do you have any data / spectra from your piezo device that shows it
picks up teleseismic events as well as a my horizontal 4.5 Hz geophone?
Dave
Hi Dave,
There are more sensor construction details and circuits at
http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html Please Note that
the stated circuit components and their values are critical to success.
The device acts as an accelerometer, but the internal noise of capacitor
is very low and the voltage sensitivity to bending stresses is high.
I initially extended the period of my 4.5 Hz geophones by x10 to 0.5 Hz
using a modified Roberts circuit and it worked fine. See
http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html The increased response
to teleseismic P and S waves is very evident. The modifications were to
effectively add a high pass function at about 0.3 Hz to remove most of the
1/f VLF noise, that the original circuit displays only too well. You can
use CAZ opamps for the input stages ($$), but a filter also reduces 6 second
microseism noise, which is also quite obvious. I do not find microseisms
particularly interesting.
Lennartz put a negative input impedance amplifier onto 4.5 or 2 Hz
geophones and amplify the current required to keep the mass stationary. They
can increase the response period to 20 seconds this way, but you need
careful temperature compensation and a very low noise amplifier. See
http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seismometers/Seismometers
..html The NoeMax triaxial sensor used in French schools appears to be
similar but they are not exactly cheap either. See
http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/NoeMax/NoeMax.pdf
The apparent output response below 0.05 Hz concerns me and it crosses the
NHNM high ground noise plot. Extending 4.5 Hz geophones to 20 seconds is a
factor of x90. This would be below the noise level of the 'standard' seismic
amplifier that I used.
I first made a very simple piezo detector by sticking a disk onto two
ridges of adhesive silicone rubber spaced 1.25" apart on a backing plate.
This silicone adhesive does NOT smell of acetic acid / vinegar. I then stuck
a brass rod parallel to the ridges on the top centre of the disk. I used a
unity gain FET amplifier to provide a signal for the same amplifier used for
observing the geophone signal. The piezo signal for the background noise was
about 5x that of the geophone, measured on an oscilloscpe. I then tried to
optimise the design and extend the period as far as practicable. My sensors
do work fine to well below 1 Hz. I do not know about yours, Dave.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
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<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>This is a really old idea. It’s funny how things =
keep coming
back around. In 1991 Bob Ogborn of San Jose and later Texas built a =
bunch of
these types of devices. They are best for short periods and local =
events. His
design was simple. He used the Piezo butterfly fan from the Apple =
computer and
encased it in a short length of PVC pipe with two PVC caps. He drilled a =
hole
in one cap for the wires to exit and filled the device with oil for =
damping and
then sealed it up with glue. They worked well enough but they can =
generate a
lot of current if they are tapped too hard so he had to protect the =
circuit
with two clamping diodes or the current would fry the electronics. =
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Regards, Steve Hammond PSN San Jose, Aptos CA. =
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt =
0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span>=
</b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... <b>On =
Behalf
Of </b>ChrisAtUpw@.......<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, May 30, 2009 8:50 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> psn-l@..............<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: Geophones / Piezo sensors<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>In a message dated 30/05/2009, DSaum@............ =
writes:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<blockquote style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid blue =
1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt;
margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Hi Chris<br>
Sounds interesting in theory, but how well does it actually work?<br>
Do you have any data / spectra from your piezo device that shows it<br>
picks up teleseismic events as well as a my horizontal 4.5 Hz =
geophone?<br>
Dave<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Hi Dave,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> There are more sensor construction =
details
and circuits at <a
href=3D"http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html">http:=
//www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html</a> Please
Note that the stated circuit components and their values are =
critical to
success.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> The device acts as an =
accelerometer, but
the internal noise of capacitor is very low and the voltage sensitivity =
to
bending stresses is high.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> I initially extended the period of =
my 4.5
Hz geophones by x10 to 0.5 Hz using a modified Roberts circuit and it =
worked
fine. See <a =
href=3D"http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html">http://www.=
jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html</a> The
increased response to teleseismic P and S waves is very evident. The
modifications were to effectively add a high pass function at about =
0.3 Hz
to remove most of the 1/f VLF noise, that the original circuit =
displays
only too well. You can use CAZ opamps for the input stages ($$), but a =
filter
also reduces 6 second microseism noise, which is also quite obvious. I =
do not
find microseisms particularly interesting.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> Lennartz put a negative input =
impedance
amplifier onto 4.5 or 2 Hz geophones and amplify the current required to =
keep
the mass stationary. They can increase the response period to 20 =
seconds
this way, but you need careful temperature compensation and a very =
low
noise amplifier. See <a
href=3D"http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seismometers/S=
eismometers.html">http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seis=
mometers/Seismometers.html</a> The
NoeMax triaxial sensor used in French schools appears to =
be similar
but they are not exactly cheap either. See <a
href=3D"http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/NoeMax=
/NoeMax.pdf">http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/N=
oeMax/NoeMax.pdf</a>
The apparent output response below 0.05 Hz concerns me and it crosses =
the NHNM
high ground noise plot. Extending 4.5 Hz geophones to 20 seconds is a =
factor of
x90. This would be below the noise level of the 'standard' seismic =
amplifier
that I used. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> I first made a very simple piezo =
detector
by sticking a disk onto two ridges of adhesive silicone rubber spaced
1.25" apart on a backing plate. This silicone adhesive does NOT =
smell of
acetic acid / vinegar. I then stuck a brass rod parallel to the ridges =
on the
top centre of the disk. I used a unity gain FET amplifier to provide a =
signal
for the same amplifier used for observing the geophone signal. The piezo =
signal
for the background noise was about 5x that of the geophone, measured on =
an
oscilloscpe. I then tried to optimise the design and extend the =
period as
far as practicable. My sensors do work fine to well below 1 =
Hz. I do
not know about yours, Dave.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> Chris Chapman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Subject: optimal position of magnetic dampter
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 07:08:49 -0700
Chris et al.,
What is the thinking on the optimal position of the magnetic damper (MD)
along the lower boom?
It seem by shifting the MD position towards or away from the lower pivot
one can tune the damping strength.
Rob
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Geophones / Piezo sensors
From: "David Saum" DSaum@............
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 10:38:44 -0400 (EDT)
> Subject: Re: Geophones / Piezo sensors
> From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
> Date: Sat, 30 May 2009 23:49:30 EDT
>
> In a message dated 30/05/2009, DSaum@............ writes:
>
> Hi Chris
> Sounds interesting in theory, but how well does it actually work?
> Do you have any data / spectra from your piezo device that shows it
> picks up teleseismic events as well as a my horizontal 4.5 Hz geophone?
> Dave
>
>
>
> Hi Dave,
>
> There are more sensor construction details and circuits at
snip
Hi Chris
Thanks for the construction details, but I still want to see
some of your actual data/spectra showing teleseismic detection
for your piezo system. You ideas sound great but "There's many
a slip between the cup and the lip".
Dave
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 08:43:02 -0700
Isn't the velocity difference greater the further you get
from the center of a circle on a lever arm
and that would mean the closer to the very end
the better the signal and the damping ?
The free end I mean and not the fulcrum end.
Sort of like the cause of the coreolis pseudo force
but not exactly ? It is interesting the mass stays still
while the fulcrum moves yet the differences are at the end
and that's where it matters for sensing things.
might be nice to have a lever 32 miles long.
possibly a beam of light ( laser pointer ) makes a better lever.
This ranger guy showed me how he uses a laser pointer
to detect enemy movement after dark in the jungle.
I was thinking seismometer rather than enemies tho.
He also showed me how to break someone's knee with a side
kick but I'm really not interested in the violence
of humans but the violence of gods or devils that
creates earthquakes. Such wonderful people
here in the prison town called Apache Junction AZ.
They (City Council Members) seem to be a greater danger than anything
mother nature can throw ones way.
I'm thinking of the possibility of visiting Socrates one day.
Such a wonderful septic EARTH we live on in the Goldie locks zone.
:-)
geoff
----- Original Message -----
From: "Robert O. Green" <rog@..........>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Sunday, May 31, 2009 7:08 AM
Subject: optimal position of magnetic dampter
> Chris et al.,
>
> What is the thinking on the optimal position of the magnetic damper (MD)
> along the lower boom?
>
> It seem by shifting the MD position towards or away from the lower pivot
> one can tune the damping strength.
>
> Rob
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
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__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Position of magnetic damper relative to pivot
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 09:14:26 -0700
He Geoffrey,
I understand one wants the magnetic damping MD effect to be about a 10th
reduction in intensity for consecutive cycles of the boom.
It seems you can have a strong MD close to the pivot or a weak MD near
the coil end to achieve this damping effect.
With a fixed strength MD one can tune the intensity reduction by
shifting the position of the MD along the boom.
Are there other good reasons for the position of the MD.
Rob
Geoffrey wrote:
> Isn't the velocity difference greater the further you get
> from the center of a circle on a lever arm
> and that would mean the closer to the very end
> the better the signal and the damping ?
> The free end I mean and not the fulcrum end.
> Sort of like the cause of the coreolis pseudo force
> but not exactly ? It is interesting the mass stays still
> while the fulcrum moves yet the differences are at the end
> and that's where it matters for sensing things.
>
> might be nice to have a lever 32 miles long.
>
> possibly a beam of light ( laser pointer ) makes a better lever.
>
> This ranger guy showed me how he uses a laser pointer
> to detect enemy movement after dark in the jungle.
> I was thinking seismometer rather than enemies tho.
> He also showed me how to break someone's knee with a side
> kick but I'm really not interested in the violence
> of humans but the violence of gods or devils that
> creates earthquakes. Such wonderful people
> here in the prison town called Apache Junction AZ.
> They (City Council Members) seem to be a greater danger than anything
> mother nature can throw ones way.
> I'm thinking of the possibility of visiting Socrates one day.
> Such a wonderful septic EARTH we live on in the Goldie locks zone.
> :-)
> geoff
>
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Robert O. Green" <rog@..........>
> To: <psn-l@..............>
> Sent: Sunday, May 31, 2009 7:08 AM
> Subject: optimal position of magnetic dampter
>
>
>> Chris et al.,
>>
>> What is the thinking on the optimal position of the magnetic damper
>> (MD) along the lower boom?
>>
>> It seem by shifting the MD position towards or away from the lower
>> pivot one can tune the damping strength.
>>
>> Rob
>>
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body
>> of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
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__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 12:45:59 EDT
In a message dated 31/05/2009, rog@.......... writes:
What is the thinking on the optimal position of the magnetic damper (MD)
along the lower boom?
It seem by shifting the MD position towards or away from the lower pivot
one can tune the damping strength.
Hi Rob,
You need to have as low a vertical force on the bottom suspension as
practicable. I suggest that you put the mass on the end of the arm and then
slide the arm over a round horizontal rod until the weight of the mass on
one side balances the weight of the arm on the other. Mark this point to
attach the top suspension. Check the photos at
_http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html)
You need the damping fairly close to the mass, but this is not
critical. But the damping plate DOES need to be lie on the OFFSET line joining the
centre of mass to the bottom suspension, hence the offset mounting hole in
the mass. This prevents a quake motion from trying to rotate the mass as
well as pushing it to one side. Please note that the next modification was
to fit the sensor block with a V wire top suspension. See
_http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/index.html_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/index.html) This 30 lb fishing trace with looped
ends worked very well indeed, preventing any rotation of the mass around the
long axis of the arm.
Have a look at the damper drawings at
_http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html) These use a quad NdFeB magnet block. You only have to slide the
block about 1/2" to 3/4" over the 1" magnets to get the correct damping. You
adjust the separation of the top and bottom mild steel backing plates to
set the damping in this range. But you also need to be able to remove the
damping easily when setting the period and to set the damping afterwards to
0.7 critical, hence this layout where the damping block simply slides along
the baseplate.
This is a good, compact and easily adjusted design. I can set a period
of 30 seconds, no problem. The trimming of the height of the arm, setting
up the period and then setting the damping are all sequential and non
interacting adjustments.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
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bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 31/05/2009, rog@.......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>What is
the thinking on the optimal position of the magnetic damper (MD) <BR>alo=
ng the
lower boom?<BR>It seem by shifting the MD position towards or away from=
the
lower pivot <BR>one can tune the damping strength.<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOT=
E></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Rob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You need to have as low a vertical force on=
the
bottom suspension as practicable. I suggest that you put the mass on the=
end of
the arm and then slide the arm over a round horizontal rod until the weigh=
t of
the mass on one side balances the weight of the arm on the other. Mark thi=
s
point to attach the top suspension. Check the photos at <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html">http=
://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html</A> </DIV>
<DIV> You need the damping fairly close to the mass=
, but
this is not critical. But the damping plate DOES need to be lie on th=
e
OFFSET line joining the centre of mass to the bottom suspension, hence the=
offset mounting hole in the mass. This prevents a quake motion from=
trying
to rotate the mass as well as pushing it to one side. Please note tha=
t the
next modification was to fit the sensor block with a V wire top suspension=
.. See
<A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/index.html">ht=
tp://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/index.html</A> This=
30 lb fishing trace with looped ends worked very well indeed, preventing=
any
rotation of the mass around the long axis of the arm. </DIV>
<DIV> Have a look at the damper drawings at <=
A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html">http://jc=
lahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html</A> These
use a quad NdFeB magnet block. You only have to slide the block about 1/2"=
to
3/4" over the 1" magnets to get the correct damping. You adjust the separa=
tion
of the top and bottom mild steel backing plates to set the damping in this=
range. But you also need to be able to remove the damping easily when sett=
ing
the period and to set the damping afterwards to 0.7 critical, hence this=
layout
where the damping block simply slides along the baseplate. </DIV>
<DIV> This is a good, compact and easily adjusted=
design.
I can set a period of 30 seconds, no problem. The trimming of th=
e
height of the arm, setting up the period and then setting the damping are=
all
sequential and non interacting adjustments.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Geophones / Piezo sensors
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 10:55:49 -0600
Hi Steve, I can picture what you are describing, I think.........Do =
you know of any drawings, sketches, which shows this? Is it just a =
"butterfly fan" which looks like tongue depressor and vibrates on one =
end?
Did he add a mass to the end?
Thanks, Ted
----- Original Message -----=20
From: Steve Hammond=20
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Saturday, May 30, 2009 10:31 PM
Subject: RE: Geophones / Piezo sensors
This is a really old idea. It's funny how things keep coming back =
around. In 1991 Bob Ogborn of San Jose and later Texas built a bunch of =
these types of devices. They are best for short periods and local =
events. His design was simple. He used the Piezo butterfly fan from the =
Apple computer and encased it in a short length of PVC pipe with two PVC =
caps. He drilled a hole in one cap for the wires to exit and filled the =
device with oil for damping and then sealed it up with glue. They worked =
well enough but they can generate a lot of current if they are tapped =
too hard so he had to protect the circuit with two clamping diodes or =
the current would fry the electronics.=20
Regards, Steve Hammond PSN San Jose, Aptos CA. =20
=20
From: psn-l-request@.............. =
[mailto:psn-l-request@............... On Behalf Of ChrisAtUpw@.......
Sent: Saturday, May 30, 2009 8:50 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Geophones / Piezo sensors
=20
In a message dated 30/05/2009, DSaum@............ writes:
Hi Chris
Sounds interesting in theory, but how well does it actually work?
Do you have any data / spectra from your piezo device that shows it
picks up teleseismic events as well as a my horizontal 4.5 Hz =
geophone?
Dave
Hi Dave,
=20
There are more sensor construction details and circuits at =
http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html Please Note =
that the stated circuit components and their values are critical to =
success.
=20
The device acts as an accelerometer, but the internal noise of =
capacitor is very low and the voltage sensitivity to bending stresses is =
high.
=20
I initially extended the period of my 4.5 Hz geophones by x10 to =
0.5 Hz using a modified Roberts circuit and it worked fine. See =
http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html The increased =
response to teleseismic P and S waves is very evident. The modifications =
were to effectively add a high pass function at about 0.3 Hz to remove =
most of the 1/f VLF noise, that the original circuit displays only too =
well. You can use CAZ opamps for the input stages ($$), but a filter =
also reduces 6 second microseism noise, which is also quite obvious. I =
do not find microseisms particularly interesting.
=20
Lennartz put a negative input impedance amplifier onto 4.5 or 2 Hz =
geophones and amplify the current required to keep the mass stationary. =
They can increase the response period to 20 seconds this way, but you =
need careful temperature compensation and a very low noise amplifier. =
See =
http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seismometers/Seismomet=
ers.html The NoeMax triaxial sensor used in French schools appears to be =
similar but they are not exactly cheap either. See =
http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/NoeMax/NoeMax.=
pdf The apparent output response below 0.05 Hz concerns me and it =
crosses the NHNM high ground noise plot. Extending 4.5 Hz geophones to =
20 seconds is a factor of x90. This would be below the noise level of =
the 'standard' seismic amplifier that I used.=20
=20
I first made a very simple piezo detector by sticking a disk onto =
two ridges of adhesive silicone rubber spaced 1.25" apart on a backing =
plate. This silicone adhesive does NOT smell of acetic acid / vinegar. I =
then stuck a brass rod parallel to the ridges on the top centre of the =
disk. I used a unity gain FET amplifier to provide a signal for the same =
amplifier used for observing the geophone signal. The piezo signal for =
the background noise was about 5x that of the geophone, measured on an =
oscilloscpe. I then tried to optimise the design and extend the period =
as far as practicable. My sensors do work fine to well below 1 Hz. I do =
not know about yours, Dave.
=20
Regards,
=20
Chris Chapman
=20
=20
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<BODY id=3Drole_body lang=3DEN-US link=3Dblue bgColor=3D#ffffff =
vLink=3Dpurple>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Steve, I can picture =
what you are=20
describing, I think.........Do you know of any drawings, sketches, which =
shows=20
this? Is it just a "butterfly fan" which looks like tongue =
depressor=20
and vibrates on one end?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Did he add a mass to the =
end?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Thanks, Ted</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"=20
dir=3Dltr>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Dshammon1@............. =
href=3D"mailto:shammon1@.............">Steve=20
Hammond</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, May 30, 2009 =
10:31=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> RE: Geophones / Piezo=20
sensors</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=3DSection1>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; =
FONT-SIZE: 11pt">This=20
is a really old idea. It=92s funny how things keep coming back around. =
In 1991=20
Bob Ogborn of San Jose and later Texas built a bunch of these types of =
devices. They are best for short periods and local events. His design =
was=20
simple. He used the Piezo butterfly fan from the Apple computer and =
encased it=20
in a short length of PVC pipe with two PVC caps. He drilled a hole in =
one cap=20
for the wires to exit and filled the device with oil for damping and =
then=20
sealed it up with glue. They worked well enough but they can generate =
a lot of=20
current if they are tapped too hard so he had to protect the circuit =
with two=20
clamping diodes or the current would fry the electronics.=20
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; =
FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Regards,=20
Steve Hammond PSN San Jose, Aptos CA. =
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; =
FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; =
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: =
#b5c4df 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 3pt">
<P class=3DMsoNormal><B><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt">From:</SPAN></B><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">=20
psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... =
<B>On=20
Behalf Of </B>ChrisAtUpw@.......<BR><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, May 30, =
2009 8:50=20
PM<BR><B>To:</B> psn-l@..............<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: Geophones =
/ Piezo=20
sensors<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt">In a=20
message dated 30/05/2009, DSaum@...............
writes:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: blue 1.5pt solid; =
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-TOP: 5pt; PADDING-LEFT: 4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: =
0in; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 3.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; =
BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in">
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt">Hi=20
Chris<BR>Sounds interesting in theory, but how well does it actually =
work?<BR>Do you have any data / spectra from your piezo device that =
shows=20
it<BR>picks up teleseismic events as well as a my horizontal 4.5 Hz=20
geophone?<BR>Dave<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt">Hi=20
Dave,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> There=20
are more sensor construction details and circuits at <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html">http:=
//www.jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/piezo/index.html</A> Please=20
Note that the stated circuit components and their values are =
critical to=20
success.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> The=20
device acts as an accelerometer, but the internal noise of capacitor =
is very=20
low and the voltage sensitivity to bending stresses is=20
high.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> I=20
initially extended the period of my 4.5 Hz geophones by x10 to 0.5 Hz =
using a=20
modified Roberts circuit and it worked fine. See <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html">http://www.=
jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html</A> The=20
increased response to teleseismic P and S waves is very evident. The=20
modifications were to effectively add a high pass function at =
about 0.3=20
Hz to remove most of the 1/f VLF noise, that the original =
circuit=20
displays only too well. You can use CAZ opamps for the input stages =
($$), but=20
a filter also reduces 6 second microseism noise, which is also quite =
obvious.=20
I do not find microseisms particularly=20
interesting.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> Lennartz=20
put a negative input impedance amplifier onto 4.5 or 2 Hz geophones =
and=20
amplify the current required to keep the mass stationary. They can =
increase=20
the response period to 20 seconds this way, but you =
need careful=20
temperature compensation and a very low noise amplifier. See <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seismometers/S=
eismometers.html">http://www.lennartz-electronic.de/Pages/Seismology/Seis=
mometers/Seismometers.html</A> The=20
NoeMax triaxial sensor used in French schools appears to =
be similar=20
but they are not exactly cheap either. See <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/NoeMax=
/NoeMax.pdf">http://www.agecodagis.com/WebData/Documentation/Commercial/N=
oeMax/NoeMax.pdf</A> =20
The apparent output response below 0.05 Hz concerns me and it crosses =
the NHNM=20
high ground noise plot. Extending 4.5 Hz geophones to 20 seconds is a =
factor=20
of x90. This would be below the noise level of the 'standard' seismic=20
amplifier that I used. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> I=20
first made a very simple piezo detector by sticking a disk onto two =
ridges of=20
adhesive silicone rubber spaced 1.25" apart on a backing plate. This =
silicone=20
adhesive does NOT smell of acetic acid / vinegar. I then stuck a brass =
rod=20
parallel to the ridges on the top centre of the disk. I used a unity =
gain FET=20
amplifier to provide a signal for the same amplifier used for =
observing the=20
geophone signal. The piezo signal for the background noise was about =
5x that=20
of the geophone, measured on an oscilloscpe. I then tried to =
optimise the=20
design and extend the period as far as practicable. My sensors do =
work=20
fine to well below 1 Hz. I do not know about yours,=20
Dave.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> Regards,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> Chris=20
Chapman<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: =
10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>=
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter
From: JAMES RIDOUT jamesridout@..............
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 17:38:33 +0000 (GMT)
I have the damping plate underneath of the boom on my Lehman seup. is this =
wrong ? As mentioned, quake movement would try to rotate the boom & weight.=
would i see any difference if i mounted the plate and magnet level with th=
e boom?
--- On Sun, 31/5/09, ChrisAtUpw@....... <ChrisAtUpw@.......> wrote:
From: ChrisAtUpw@....... <ChrisAtUpw@.......>
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Sunday, 31 May, 2009, 5:45 PM
In a message dated 31/05/2009, rog@.......... writes:
What is the thinking on the optimal position of the magnetic damper (MD)=20
along the lower boom?
It seem by shifting the MD position towards or away from the lower pivot=20
one can tune the damping strength.
Hi Rob,
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0You need to have as low a vertical force on the bottom suspensi=
on as practicable. I suggest that you put the mass on the end of the arm an=
d then slide the arm over a round horizontal rod until the weight of the ma=
ss on one side balances the weight of the arm on the other. Mark this point=
to attach the top suspension. Check the photos at http://jclahr.com/scienc=
e/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0You need the damping fairly close to the mass, but this is not =
critical. But the damping plate=A0DOES need to be lie on the OFFSET line jo=
ining the centre of mass to the bottom suspension, hence the offset mountin=
g hole in the mass. This prevents=A0a quake motion from trying to rotate th=
e mass as well as pushing it to=A0one side. Please note that the next modif=
ication was to fit the sensor block with a V wire top suspension. See =A0ht=
tp://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/index.html=A0This 30 lb f=
ishing trace with looped ends worked very well indeed, preventing any rotat=
ion of the mass around the long axis of the arm.=20
=A0=A0=A0=A0Have a look at the damper drawings at =A0http://jclahr.com/scie=
nce/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html=A0These use a quad NdFeB magnet block. Yo=
u only have to slide the block about 1/2" to 3/4" over the 1" magnets to ge=
t the correct damping. You adjust the separation of the top and bottom mild=
steel backing plates to set the damping in this range. But you also need t=
o be able to remove the damping easily when setting the period and to set t=
he damping afterwards to 0.7 critical, hence this layout where the damping =
block simply slides along the baseplate.=20
=A0=A0=A0=A0This is a good, compact and easily adjusted design. I can set=
=A0a period of 30 seconds, no problem.=A0The trimming of the height of the =
arm, setting up the period and then setting the damping are all sequential =
and non interacting adjustments.
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0Regards,
=A0
=A0=A0=A0=A0Chris Chapman
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;"><DIV>I have the damping plate underneath of t=
he boom on my Lehman seup. is this wrong ? As mentioned, quake movement wou=
ld try to rotate the boom & weight. would i see any difference if i mou=
nted the plate and magnet level with the boom?</DIV>
<DIV><BR><BR>--- On <B>Sun, 31/5/09, ChrisAtUpw@....... <I><ChrisAtUpw@a=
ol.com></I></B> wrote:<BR></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: rgb(16,16,255) 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5=
px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px"><BR>From: ChrisAtUpw@....... <ChrisAtUpw@.......&g=
t;<BR>Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter<BR>To: psn-l@webtro=
nics.com<BR>Date: Sunday, 31 May, 2009, 5:45 PM<BR><BR>
<DIV id=3Dyiv552990085><FONT id=3Drole_document color=3D#000000 size=3D2 fa=
ce=3DArial>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 31/05/2009, rog@.......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN=
-LEFT: 5px"><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" color=3D#000000 s=
ize=3D2 face=3DArial>What is the thinking on the optimal position of the ma=
gnetic damper (MD) <BR>along the lower boom?<BR>It seem by shifting the MD =
position towards or away from the lower pivot <BR>one can tune the damping =
strength.<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Rob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You need to have as low a vertical force on th=
e bottom suspension as practicable. I suggest that you put the mass on the =
end of the arm and then slide the arm over a round horizontal rod until the=
weight of the mass on one side balances the weight of the arm on the other=
.. Mark this point to attach the top suspension. Check the photos at <A href=
=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html" rel=3Dnof=
ollow target=3D_blank>http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/ind=
ex.html</A> </DIV>
<DIV> You need the damping fairly close to the mass,=
but this is not critical. But the damping plate DOES need to be lie o=
n the OFFSET line joining the centre of mass to the bottom suspension, henc=
e the offset mounting hole in the mass. This prevents a quake motion f=
rom trying to rotate the mass as well as pushing it to one side. Pleas=
e note that the next modification was to fit the sensor block with a V wire=
top suspension. See <A href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman=
/2008%20lehman/index.html" rel=3Dnofollow target=3D_blank>http://jclahr.com=
/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/index.html</A> This 30 lb fishing t=
race with looped ends worked very well indeed, preventing any rotation of t=
he mass around the long axis of the arm. </DIV>
<DIV> Have a look at the damper drawings at <A=
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html" rel=3Dnof=
ollow target=3D_blank>http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.ht=
ml</A> These use a quad NdFeB magnet block. You only have to slide the=
block about 1/2" to 3/4" over the 1" magnets to get the correct damping. Y=
ou adjust the separation of the top and bottom mild steel backing plates to=
set the damping in this range. But you also need to be able to remove the =
damping easily when setting the period and to set the damping afterwards to=
0.7 critical, hence this layout where the damping block simply slides alon=
g the baseplate. </DIV>
<DIV> This is a good, compact and easily adjusted de=
sign. I can set a period of 30 seconds, no problem. The trimming =
of the height of the arm, setting up the period and then setting the dampin=
g are all sequential and non interacting adjustments.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><=
/td></tr></table>
Subject: Re: Level of garden gate style horizontal seismometers
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 21:05:57 EDT
In a message dated 30/05/2009 22:31:46 GMT Daylight Time,
gmvoeth@........... writes:
Hello PSN;
Just out of curiosity has any of you guys with
those garden gate seismometers ever put one
of these little plastic levels on the lever
to see just how far off level it is at
10 or 20 seconds. I mean here like 1/2,
1/4 or so a bubble across the line
if you understand what I mean here ?
Maybe it is not even crossing the line
but you can see possibly its off level
and just touching the reference line ?
They got these fish eye levels that just tell you
the horizontal and I thought that that might help set
up your period ??
Has anyone ever seen a cheap calibrated level
that will tell you fractions of a degree
off level ?
Metrology, I have always thought, would be
a good profession to be in. :-)
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 30/05/2009 22:31:46 GMT Daylight Time,
gmvoeth@........... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>Hello
PSN;<BR><BR>Just out of curiosity has any of you guys with<BR>those gard=
en
gate seismometers ever put one<BR>of these little plastic levels on the=
lever<BR>to see just how far off level it is at<BR>10 or 20 seconds. I=
mean
here like 1/2,<BR>1/4 or so a bubble across the line<BR>if you understan=
d what
I mean here ?<BR><BR>Maybe it is not even crossing the line<BR>but you=
can see
possibly its off level<BR>and just touching the reference line ?<BR><BR>=
They
got these fish eye levels that just tell you<BR>the horizontal and I tho=
ught
that that might help set<BR>up your period ??<BR><BR>Has anyone ever see=
n a
cheap calibrated level<BR>that will tell you fractions of a degree<BR>of=
f
level ?<BR><BR>Metrology, I have always thought, would be<BR>a good prof=
ession
to be in. :-)<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Level of garden gate style horizontal seismometers
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 21:13:43 EDT
In a message dated 30/05/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:
Just out of curiosity has any of you guys with those garden gate
seismometers ever put one of these little plastic levels on the lever to see just
how far off level it is at 10 or 20 seconds. I mean ere like 1/2, 1/4 or so a
bubble across the line if you understand what I mean here ?
Hi Geoff,
My 9" spirit level shows ~1.5 deg change when the bubble moves by it's
own length.
The tilt angle of a 1.5 second arm extended to 20 seconds is 0.32
Degrees.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>In a message dated 30/05/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>Just out
of curiosity has any of you guys with those garden gate seismometers eve=
r put
one of these little plastic levels on the lever to see just how far off=
level
it is at 10 or 20 seconds. I mean ere like 1/2, 1/4 or so a bubble acros=
s the
line if you understand what I mean here ?</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2>Hi Geoff,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2> My 9" spirit level shows ~1.5 deg change=
when the
bubble moves by it's own length. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2> The tilt angle of a 1.5 second arm extend=
ed to 20
seconds is 0.32 Degrees.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2> Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#0=
00000
size=3D2> Chris Chapman</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV></FONT>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic damper & 2 X 1 inch NdFeB magnets
From: "Robert O. Green" rog@..........
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 18:51:41 -0700
Chris,
Thank you as always the advice and pictures are wonderfully helpful.
I am experimenting with a pair of 2 X 1 X 0.25 inch NdFeB magnets with
spacers at each end and a 1.5 inch Al damping plate.
Rob
ChrisAtUpw@....... wrote:
> In a message dated 31/05/2009, rog@.......... writes:
>
> What is the thinking on the optimal position of the magnetic
> damper (MD)
> along the lower boom?
> It seem by shifting the MD position towards or away from the lower
> pivot
> one can tune the damping strength.
>
> Hi Rob,
>
> You need to have as low a vertical force on the bottom suspension
> as practicable. I suggest that you put the mass on the end of the arm
> and then slide the arm over a round horizontal rod until the weight of
> the mass on one side balances the weight of the arm on the other. Mark
> this point to attach the top suspension. Check the photos at
> http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html
> You need the damping fairly close to the mass, but this is not
> critical. But the damping plate DOES need to be lie on the OFFSET line
> joining the centre of mass to the bottom suspension, hence the offset
> mounting hole in the mass. This prevents a quake motion from trying to
> rotate the mass as well as pushing it to one side. Please note that
> the next modification was to fit the sensor block with a V wire top
> suspension. See
> http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/index.html This
> 30 lb fishing trace with looped ends worked very well indeed,
> preventing any rotation of the mass around the long axis of the arm.
> Have a look at the damper drawings at
> http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html These use a
> quad NdFeB magnet block. You only have to slide the block about 1/2"
> to 3/4" over the 1" magnets to get the correct damping. You adjust the
> separation of the top and bottom mild steel backing plates to set the
> damping in this range. But you also need to be able to remove the
> damping easily when setting the period and to set the damping
> afterwards to 0.7 critical, hence this layout where the damping block
> simply slides along the baseplate.
> This is a good, compact and easily adjusted design. I can set a
> period of 30 seconds, no problem. The trimming of the height of the
> arm, setting up the period and then setting the damping are all
> sequential and non interacting adjustments.
>
> Regards,
>
> Chris Chapman
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> Internal Virus Database is out of date.
> Checked by AVG - http://www.avg.com
> Version: 8.0.176 / Virus Database: 270.12.36/2128 - Release Date: 5/22/2009 6:03 AM
>
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Northeast of Puerto Rico...
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 22:13:31 -0700
Possible impending large event northeast of the Puerto Rico area, perhaps
undersea?
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsww/Maps/10/295_20.php
------------------
Kareem J. Lanier
El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32)
East Bay Area Region
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Level of garden gate style horizontal seismometers
From: "Jim and Connie Lehman" lehmancj@...........
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 2009 11:06:10 -0400
Good work Chris on the approximation of tilt in the garden gate style =
seismometers. I attempted this calculation once upon a time by =
installing a turnbuckle in the support wire--raising the mass till it =
was unstable, then a half turn or more backwards would bring the period =
to 18 sec. and stability.
I achieved better results from using .005 and.010 in. sheet metal =
shims under the "front" single support of the tripod base. I started at =
10 sec, added shims carefully till instability, and then removed shims =
to the desired period. The thickness of the shims removed gave an idea =
of tilt, which I converted to approximately 0.5 degree.
Keep up the good work in amateur seismology-- Jim Lehman
----- Original Message -----=20
From: ChrisAtUpw@..........
To: psn-l@.................
Sent: Sunday, May 31, 2009 9:13 PM
Subject: Re: Level of garden gate style horizontal seismometers
In a message dated 30/05/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:
Just out of curiosity has any of you guys with those garden gate =
seismometers ever put one of these little plastic levels on the lever to =
see just how far off level it is at 10 or 20 seconds. I mean ere like =
1/2, 1/4 or so a bubble across the line if you understand what I mean =
here ?
Hi Geoff,
My 9" spirit level shows ~1.5 deg change when the bubble moves by =
it's own length.=20
The tilt angle of a 1.5 second arm extended to 20 seconds is 0.32 =
Degrees.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16830" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; =
FONT-FAMILY: Arial"=20
bottomMargin=3D7 bgColor=3D#ffffff leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 =
rightMargin=3D7>
<DIV>Good work Chris on the approximation of tilt in the garden gate =
style=20
seismometers. I attempted this calculation once upon a time by =
installing=20
a turnbuckle in the support wire--raising the mass till it was unstable, =
then a=20
half turn or more backwards would bring the period to 18 sec. =
and=20
stability.</DIV>
<DIV> I achieved better results from using .005 and.010 =
in.=20
sheet metal shims under the "front" single support of the tripod =
base. I=20
started at 10 sec, added shims carefully till instability, and then =
removed=20
shims to the desired period. The thickness of the shims removed =
gave an=20
idea of tilt, which I converted to approximately 0.5 degree.</DIV>
<DIV> Keep up the good work in =
amateur=20
seismology-- Jim Lehman</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3DChrisAtUpw@..........
href=3D"mailto:ChrisAtUpw@.......">ChrisAtUpw@.......</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dpsn-l@.................
href=3D"mailto:psn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, May 31, 2009 9:13 =
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: Level of garden =
gate style=20
horizontal seismometers</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT id=3Drole_document face=3DArial color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>
<DIV>In a message dated 30/05/2009, <A=20
href=3D"mailto:gmvoeth@...........">gmvoeth@...........</A> =
writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px =
solid"><FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>Just=20
out of curiosity has any of you guys with those garden gate =
seismometers=20
ever put one of these little plastic levels on the lever to see just =
how far=20
off level it is at 10 or 20 seconds. I mean ere like 1/2, 1/4 or so =
a bubble=20
across the line if you understand what I mean here =
?</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>Hi Geoff,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2> My 9" spirit level shows ~1.5 deg =
change when=20
the bubble moves by it's own length. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2> The tilt angle of a 1.5 second arm =
extended to=20
20 seconds is 0.32 Degrees.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2> Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial =
color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2> Chris Chapman</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV></FONT>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Has this been tried?
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 2009 10:11:35 -0600
Hi Folks, I should start by saying "it has" I just did......I took some =
ring magnets and slipped them over a length of brass and chrome tv =
antenna. North to North, so the top magnet floats above the bottom one. =
I then slipped a coil over the top magnet, so its position is South =
pole just entering the coil.
The result is somewhat as if the top magnet is hanging from a spring. =
There it bobs up and down when the coil and pvc housing are moved or =
touched. I tried to measure the frequency and a good guess is 3 to 4 =
Hz.
I would welcome your comments. It is plugged in and online now. No =
Earthquakes yet, and I have no idea if it will work. I do know it =
responds to drop test, vertically, up to 100 feet away. I do know it =
does not show any noises. A train passed by and both my vertical and =
horz. pick it up, but there was zero on this experiment.
One observation is the floating top magnet, has some friction as it =
drags on the chrome rod, however not much.
Another observation is the top magnet feels as if it is suspended by a =
stiff spring. When you push down on it, the force field is great. On =
the other hand I think it is in a weightless state, between gravity and =
this field, the same as if hanging from a spring.
I would guess this has been tried. Probably unsuccessfully as I have =
never seen it. I will leave it plugged in and see what happens.
Ted
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Hi Folks, I should start by =
saying "it has" I=20
just did......I took some ring magnets and slipped them over a length of =
brass=20
and chrome tv antenna. North to North, so the =
top magnet floats=20
above the bottom one. I then slipped a coil over the top magnet, =
so its=20
position is South pole just entering the coil.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>The result is somewhat as if the top =
magnet is=20
hanging from a spring. There it bobs up and down when the =
coil and=20
pvc housing are moved or touched. I tried to measure the =
frequency=20
and a good guess is 3 to 4 Hz.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>I would welcome your =
comments. It is=20
plugged in and online now. No Earthquakes yet, and I =
have no=20
idea if it will work. I do know it responds to drop =
test,=20
vertically, up to 100 feet away. I do know it does not show any=20
noises. A train passed by and both my vertical and =
horz. pick=20
it up, but there was zero on this experiment.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>One observation is the floating top =
magnet, has=20
some friction as it drags on the chrome rod, however not=20
much.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Another observation is the top magnet =
feels as if=20
it is suspended by a stiff spring. When you push down on it, the =
force=20
field is great. On the other hand I think it is in a weightless =
state,=20
between gravity and this field, the same as if hanging from a=20
spring.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>I would guess this has been =
tried. =20
Probably unsuccessfully as I have never seen it. I =
will leave=20
it plugged in and see what happens.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial>Ted</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2 face=3DArial></FONT> </DIV></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: Has this been tried?
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Mon, 01 Jun 2009 12:56:09 -0500
tchannel wrote:
> Hi Folks, I should start by saying "it has" I just did......I took
> some ring magnets and slipped them over a length of brass and chrome
> tv antenna. North to North, so the top magnet floats above the bottom
> one. I then slipped a coil over the top magnet, so its position is
> South pole just entering the coil.
>
> The result is somewhat as if the top magnet is hanging from a
> spring. There it bobs up and down when the coil and pvc housing are
> moved or touched. I tried to measure the frequency and a good guess
> is 3 to 4 Hz.
I tried that many years ago. I used light emitting diodes. I never got
it to work. After Chris got me up with Lehmans and magnetic dampening, I
realized the earth's magnetic field would be an issue and any stray
fields created by motors, lightning, sunspots etc would require
shielding. I also had issues of torque between magnets. Let me know how
you do.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 2009 22:01:26 -0700
Chris;
Do you really mean Q of 0.7
Which is a Damping of 1/0.7 ?
If I make a filter with a damping
of only 0.7 I get a peak in
the roll off response instead of a Butterworth
profile ?
Regards;
geoff
----- Original Message -----
From: <ChrisAtUpw@.......>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Sunday, May 31, 2009 9:45 AM
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter
>
> In a message dated 31/05/2009, rog@.......... writes:
>
> What is the thinking on the optimal position of the magnetic damper (MD)
> along the lower boom?
> It seem by shifting the MD position towards or away from the lower pivot
> one can tune the damping strength.
>
>
>
> Hi Rob,
>
> You need to have as low a vertical force on the bottom suspension as
> practicable. I suggest that you put the mass on the end of the arm and then
> slide the arm over a round horizontal rod until the weight of the mass on
> one side balances the weight of the arm on the other. Mark this point to
> attach the top suspension. Check the photos at
> _http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html_
> (http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/school/MKII/index.html)
> You need the damping fairly close to the mass, but this is not
> critical. But the damping plate DOES need to be lie on the OFFSET line joining the
> centre of mass to the bottom suspension, hence the offset mounting hole in
> the mass. This prevents a quake motion from trying to rotate the mass as
> well as pushing it to one side. Please note that the next modification was
> to fit the sensor block with a V wire top suspension. See
> _http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/index.html_
> (http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/2008%20lehman/index.html) This 30 lb fishing trace with looped
> ends worked very well indeed, preventing any rotation of the mass around the
> long axis of the arm.
> Have a look at the damper drawings at
> _http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html_
> (http://jclahr.com/science/psn/chapman/lehman/index.html) These use a quad NdFeB magnet block. You only have to slide the
> block about 1/2" to 3/4" over the 1" magnets to get the correct damping. You
> adjust the separation of the top and bottom mild steel backing plates to
> set the damping in this range. But you also need to be able to remove the
> damping easily when setting the period and to set the damping afterwards to
> 0.7 critical, hence this layout where the damping block simply slides along
> the baseplate.
> This is a good, compact and easily adjusted design. I can set a period
> of 30 seconds, no problem. The trimming of the height of the arm, setting
> up the period and then setting the damping are all sequential and non
> interacting adjustments.
>
> Regards,
>
> Chris Chapman
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 2009 11:22:35 EDT
In a message dated 02/06/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:
Do you really mean Q of 0.7
Which is a Damping of 1/0.7 ?
If I make a filter with a damping of only 0.7 I get a peak in
the roll off response instead of a Butterworth profile ?
Hi Geoff,
You set the damping of a Lehman to 0.7 x Critical value and also on a
geophone.
You are providing a force from the frame to the mass which is LESS
than that required to damp it fully.
This gives about the best compromise for the response amplitude / low
frequency corner. The rise in the characteristic is only just visable.
You loose signal amplitude rapidly as you increase the damping over 1.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 02/06/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>Do you
really mean Q of 0.7<BR>Which is a Damping of 1/0.7 ?<BR><BR>If I make=
a
filter with a damping of only 0.7 I get a peak in<BR>the roll off respon=
se
instead of a Butterworth profile ?<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hi Geoff,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> You set the damping of a Lehman to 0.7 x=
Critical value and also on a geophone.</DIV>
<DIV> You are providing a force from the frame to=
the
mass which is LESS than that required to damp it fully.</DIV>
<DIV> This gives about the best compromise for=
the response amplitude / low frequency corner. The rise in the=
characteristic is only just visable. </DIV>
<DIV> You loose signal amplitude rapidly as you inc=
rease
the damping over 1.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 2009 10:19:01 -0700
Chris;
I am currently using heavy damping to
help flatten my response because
my compensation circuit filters
like a LPF with a curve at like
10 seconds.
It seems if I amplify 1Hz to 80Dbv (x10000) I can
do almost anything I want and still get a
signal. Flatness of response is what I'm
looking for.
I am using a 470 ohm damping resistor
Split 50/50 between ground and +/- differential inputs.
for a single 450 ohm geophone.
This produces a current loop between the
geophone and amp that should override
the weaker noise.
I run the geophone coil straight into the diff amp
with no resistors in series.
I expect this to reduce overall gain by 1/2
plus geophone damping effect of raising
the point of roll off to over 1 Hz.
Is it possible to tell what the new
geophone curve is with such heavy damping ?
Thanks;
geoff
----- Original Message -----
From: <ChrisAtUpw@.......>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Tuesday, June 02, 2009 8:22 AM
Subject: Re: optimal position of magnetic dampter
>
> In a message dated 02/06/2009, gmvoeth@........... writes:
>
> Do you really mean Q of 0.7
> Which is a Damping of 1/0.7 ?
>
> If I make a filter with a damping of only 0.7 I get a peak in
> the roll off response instead of a Butterworth profile ?
>
>
>
> Hi Geoff,
>
> You set the damping of a Lehman to 0.7 x Critical value and also on a
> geophone.
> You are providing a force from the frame to the mass which is LESS
> than that required to damp it fully.
> This gives about the best compromise for the response amplitude / low
> frequency corner. The rise in the characteristic is only just visable.
> You loose signal amplitude rapidly as you increase the damping over 1.
>
> Regards,
>
> Chris Chapman
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Event file editor
From: Larry Conklin lconklin@............
Date: Wed, 03 Jun 2009 10:40:36 -0400
A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a convenient way
to edit spurious spikes out of an event data file. Since I have the
same problem, I decided to write a simple little program for editing
PSNTYPE4 event data files. The program prompts for the start and end
times of the segment you want to edit and replaces the offending data
samples with zeros. Not very fancy, but it works. If anyone would like
a copy of the tool and/or the source code, I would be happy to send it
to you.
Larry Conklin
Liverpool, NY
lconklin@............
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Event file editor
From: Bob Hancock icarus@.........
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 2009 08:15:18 -0700
Sounds nice, but what is the logic that you are using to determine it
is a "spike" and not a seismic wave? In addition a "spike" may be
simultaneous with a seismic wave, how does the logic make a separation?
Bob Hancock
On Jun 3, 2009, at 7:40 AM, Larry Conklin wrote:
> A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a convenient
> way to edit spurious spikes out of an event data file. Since I have
> the same problem, I decided to write a simple little program for
> editing PSNTYPE4 event data files. The program prompts for the
> start and end times of the segment you want to edit and replaces the
> offending data samples with zeros. Not very fancy, but it works.
> If anyone would like a copy of the tool and/or the source code, I
> would be happy to send it to you.
>
> Larry Conklin
> Liverpool, NY
> lconklin@............
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body
> of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Event file editor
From: Larry Conklin lconklin@............
Date: Wed, 03 Jun 2009 11:45:05 -0400
Hi Bob,
A spike is a spike in the eye of the beholder. There is nothing
automatic or analytical in the program. I just look at the data in
Winquake, and if there are obvious transients that I want to get rid of
the tool gives me a convenient way to zero them out. Most of the
transients I want to eliminate are caused by my wife walking into the
room directly above my sensor. The result is a very large walk-up
transient. Since she only goes in there to feed the cat, I call these
events "catastrophies". There isn't any doubt about their legetimacy.
Larry
Bob Hancock wrote:
> Sounds nice, but what is the logic that you are using to determine it is
> a "spike" and not a seismic wave? In addition a "spike" may be
> simultaneous with a seismic wave, how does the logic make a separation?
>
> Bob Hancock
>
>
> On Jun 3, 2009, at 7:40 AM, Larry Conklin wrote:
>
>> A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a convenient
>> way to edit spurious spikes out of an event data file. Since I have
>> the same problem, I decided to write a simple little program for
>> editing PSNTYPE4 event data files. The program prompts for the start
>> and end times of the segment you want to edit and replaces the
>> offending data samples with zeros. Not very fancy, but it works. If
>> anyone would like a copy of the tool and/or the source code, I would
>> be happy to send it to you.
>>
>> Larry Conklin
>> Liverpool, NY
>> lconklin@............
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
>> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. withthe body of
> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Event file editor
From: Thomas Dick dickthomas01@.............
Date: Wed, 03 Jun 2009 11:12:43 -0500
I can see at least three instances where I can use this program. First,
lightning strikes near the house. Second, walnuts falling off the tree
and hitting the roof and patio outside the seismic units. Last, there
seems to be some sort of flexing going on in the concrete floor or the
house in general which is concrete with brick over it. It occurs more
often in spring. The floor may be flexing due to change in temperature
or change in water pressure. I live on a lake -- 25ft from the back
door. The basement is below lake water level. My guess, as water is
pumped out from under the concrete floor, it causes changes.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Seismometer damping and period extension
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 2009 12:58:20 -0400
Hi Geoff,
Heavy damping is not the solution. You should adjust damping for a Q
of around 0.71, which gives the flattest response over the sensor
passband. From there, you have several options. You can use an analog
low pass filter as you suggest, but a true Butterworth design cannot
be realized without an inductive element in the circuit. A 10-second
cutoff second order low-pass filter applied to the HS-10 will yield a
flat response in the 1 to 10 second period range, but will result in
loss of signals higher than 1 Hz and a severe loss of overall
amplitude.
The preferred analog solution is the Roberts circuit used by Chris
Chapman. It compensates for the roll-off in response beyond the
natural frequency and preserve high frequency response. You would be
better off abandoning your balanced input scheme. Use single-ended
signals. It will simplify implementation of the Roberts circuit.
I have a digital solution, an inverse filter implemented in my
WQFilter utility program. Its gain curve compensates for the loss of
response for periods beyond the natural frequency, and can compensate
for over or under damping. It does nothing to improve whatever
signal-to-noise ratio you record at long periods, however. WQFilter
operates on WinQuake PSN Type 4 files. I know that you work with PSN
text files, but WinQuake will convert these to PSN Type 4. You can
download WQFilter from
http://bobmcclure90.googlepages.com/winsac
WQFilter has benefits for everyone with amateur sensors. I,
personally, would be lost without it. I recommend that all amateurs
look up my web site, read all about WQFilter, and give it a try.
I also urge everyone who uses WinQuake to download the latest version from
http://www.seismicnet.com/software.html#WinQuake
Those who submit multiple event files should learn how to use
WinQuake to make volume files, as well.
---Bob
On 2 Jun 2009, Geoff wrote:
I am currently using heavy damping to
help flatten my response because
my compensation circuit filters
like a LPF with a curve at like
10 seconds.
It seems if I amplify 1Hz to 80Dbv (x10000) I can
do almost anything I want and still get a
signal. Flatness of response is what I'm
looking for.
I am using a 470 ohm damping resistor
Split 50/50 between ground and +/- differential inputs.
for a single 450 ohm geophone.
This produces a current loop between the
geophone and amp that should override
the weaker noise.
I run the geophone coil straight into the diff amp
with no resistors in series.
I expect this to reduce overall gain by 1/2
plus geophone damping effect of raising
the point of roll off to over 1 Hz.
Is it possible to tell what the new
geophone curve is with such heavy damping ?
====
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Event file editor
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 2009 14:55:44 -0700
I would think if you are serious as scientist
you keep the raw file
as it originally was even with the flaws.
Any modification to the data renders it
useless of most scientific value by
creating a subjective work of art.
But the tool might be useful such as before doing an fft
by getting rid of cal marks or such.
----- Original Message -----
From: "Larry Conklin" <lconklin@............>
To: "PSN List" <PSN-L@..............>
Sent: Wednesday, June 03, 2009 7:40 AM
Subject: Event file editor
>A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a convenient way
> to edit spurious spikes out of an event data file. Since I have the
> same problem, I decided to write a simple little program for editing
> PSNTYPE4 event data files. The program prompts for the start and end
> times of the segment you want to edit and replaces the offending data
> samples with zeros. Not very fancy, but it works. If anyone would like
> a copy of the tool and/or the source code, I would be happy to send it
> to you.
>
> Larry Conklin
> Liverpool, NY
> lconklin@............
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Event file editor
From: "tchannel" tchannel@............
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 2009 16:25:16 -0600
Hi Folks, I tried Larry's program and it works very well. There are times
when I get a spike, and I would like to remove it. This is a neat tool,
for me. Thanks Larry.
Ted
----- Original Message -----
From: "Larry Conklin" <lconklin@............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Wednesday, June 03, 2009 9:45 AM
Subject: Re: Event file editor
> Hi Bob,
>
> A spike is a spike in the eye of the beholder. There is nothing automatic
> or analytical in the program. I just look at the data in Winquake, and if
> there are obvious transients that I want to get rid of the tool gives me a
> convenient way to zero them out. Most of the transients I want to
> eliminate are caused by my wife walking into the room directly above my
> sensor. The result is a very large walk-up transient. Since she only
> goes in there to feed the cat, I call these events "catastrophies". There
> isn't any doubt about their legetimacy.
>
> Larry
>
>
> Bob Hancock wrote:
>> Sounds nice, but what is the logic that you are using to determine it is
>> a "spike" and not a seismic wave? In addition a "spike" may be
>> simultaneous with a seismic wave, how does the logic make a separation?
>>
>> Bob Hancock
>>
>>
>> On Jun 3, 2009, at 7:40 AM, Larry Conklin wrote:
>>
>>> A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a convenient way
>>> to edit spurious spikes out of an event data file. Since I have the
>>> same problem, I decided to write a simple little program for editing
>>> PSNTYPE4 event data files. The program prompts for the start and end
>>> times of the segment you want to edit and replaces the offending data
>>> samples with zeros. Not very fancy, but it works. If anyone would like
>>> a copy of the tool and/or the source code, I would be happy to send it
>>> to you.
>>>
>>> Larry Conklin
>>> Liverpool, NY
>>> lconklin@............
>>> __________________________________________________________
>>>
>>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>>
>>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
>>> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>>
>>
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. withthe body of the
>> message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of the
> message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Event file editor
From: Larry Conklin lconklin@............
Date: Wed, 03 Jun 2009 20:16:53 -0400
Well, the program saves the original file as a .BAK and creates an
edited version with the original file name. So you get to eat your cake
and archive it too, if that is what you want. I make no allusions that
my data has any significant scientific value.
Larry
Geoffrey wrote:
> I would think if you are serious as scientist
> you keep the raw file
> as it originally was even with the flaws.
> Any modification to the data renders it
> useless of most scientific value by
> creating a subjective work of art.
>
> But the tool might be useful such as before doing an fft
> by getting rid of cal marks or such.
>
>
> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Larry Conklin" <lconklin@............>
> To: "PSN List" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Wednesday, June 03, 2009 7:40 AM
> Subject: Event file editor
>
>
>> A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a convenient
>> way to edit spurious spikes out of an event data file. Since I have
>> the same problem, I decided to write a simple little program for
>> editing PSNTYPE4 event data files. The program prompts for the start
>> and end times of the segment you want to edit and replaces the
>> offending data samples with zeros. Not very fancy, but it works. If
>> anyone would like a copy of the tool and/or the source code, I would
>> be happy to send it to you.
>>
>> Larry Conklin
>> Liverpool, NY
>> lconklin@............
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
>> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Volcano activity starting on the Reykjanes or Reykjanes ridge ?
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Thu, 04 Jun 2009 00:49:43 +0000
Hi all
There is a intersting earquake activity going on the Reykjanes ridge
right now. The activity on that ridge has been incresing since the Mw
4,9 earthquake the other day.
Currently I am seeing a lot of activity on the Reykjanes ridge part that
is submerged in ocean. There are volcanoes there. It was last active
around 1830 according to historical documents.
It is worth keeping a eye out of if you are interested in possible
volcano activity.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Event file editor
From: Barry Lotz barry_lotz@.............
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 2009 18:45:47 -0700 (PDT)
I don't see much scientific value in non-seismic or non-geologic signals. I=
prefer to remove structure or man made noise, for example, from my recordi=
ngs. As I see it , the sensor response is also not necessarily what the ear=
th is doing at ones location. The scientific value that I see is how to rem=
ove the transients without editing the signal.=20
Barry
--- On Wed, 6/3/09, Geoffrey <gmvoeth@...........> wrote:
From: Geoffrey <gmvoeth@...........>
Subject: Re: Event file editor
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Wednesday, June 3, 2009, 2:55 PM
I would think if you are serious as scientist
you keep the raw file
as it originally was even with the flaws.
Any modification to the data renders it
useless of most scientific value by
creating a subjective work of art.
But the tool might be useful such as before doing an fft
by getting rid of cal marks or such.
----- Original Message ----- From: "Larry Conklin" <lconklin@............>
To: "PSN List" <PSN-L@..............>
Sent: Wednesday, June 03, 2009 7:40 AM
Subject: Event file editor
> A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a convenient way t=
o edit spurious spikes out of an event data file.=A0 Since I have the same =
problem, I decided to write a simple little program for editing PSNTYPE4 ev=
ent data files.=A0 The program prompts for the start and end times of the s=
egment you want to edit and replaces the offending data samples with zeros.=
=A0 Not very fancy, but it works.=A0 If anyone would like a copy of the too=
l and/or the source code, I would be happy to send it to you.
>=20
> Larry Conklin
> Liverpool, NY
> lconklin@............
> __________________________________________________________
>=20
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>=20
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of th=
e message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>=20
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;">I don't see much scientific value in non-seis=
mic or non-geologic signals. I prefer to remove structure or man made noise=
, for example, from my recordings. As I see it , the sensor response is als=
o not necessarily what the earth is doing at ones location. The scientific =
value that I see is how to remove the transients without editing the signal=
.. <br>Barry<br><br><br>--- On <b>Wed, 6/3/09, Geoffrey <i><gmvoeth@hotma=
il.com></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style=3D"border-left: 2px solid rg=
b(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"><br>From: Geoffrey &l=
t;gmvoeth@...........><br>Subject: Re: Event file editor<br>To: psn-l@we=
btronics.com<br>Date: Wednesday, June 3, 2009, 2:55 PM<br><br><div class=3D=
"plainMail">I would think if you are serious as scientist<br>you keep the r=
aw file<br>as it originally was even with the flaws.<br>Any modification to=
the
data renders it<br>useless of most scientific value by<br>creating a subje=
ctive work of art.<br><br>But the tool might be useful such as before doing=
an fft<br>by getting rid of cal marks or such.<br><br><br>----- Original M=
essage ----- From: "Larry Conklin" <<a ymailto=3D"mailto:lconklin@.......
rr.com" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dlconklin@............">lconklin@...........
om</a>><br>To: "PSN List" <<a ymailto=3D"mailto:PSN-L@.............."=
href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3DPSN-L@..............">PSN-L@..............</a>>=
;<br>Sent: Wednesday, June 03, 2009 7:40 AM<br>Subject: Event file editor<b=
r><br><br>> A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a con=
venient way to edit spurious spikes out of an event data file. Since =
I have the same problem, I decided to write a simple little program for edi=
ting PSNTYPE4 event data files. The program prompts for the start and=
end times of the segment you want to edit and replaces the offending data
samples with zeros. Not very fancy, but it works. If anyone wo=
uld like a copy of the tool and/or the source code, I would be happy to sen=
d it to you.<br>> <br>> Larry Conklin<br>> Liverpool, NY<br>> <=
a ymailto=3D"mailto:lconklin@............" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dlconkli=
n@............">lconklin@............</a><br>> _________________________=
_________________________________<br>> <br>> Public Seismic Network M=
ailing List (PSN-L)<br>> <br>> To leave this list email <a ymailto=3D=
"mailto:PSN-L-REQUEST@.............." href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3DPSN-L-REQUES=
T@..............">PSN-L-REQUEST@..............</a> with the body of the mes=
sage (first line only): unsubscribe<br>> See <a href=3D"http://www.seism=
icnet.com/maillist.html" target=3D"_blank">http://www.seismicnet.com/mailli=
st.html</a> for more information.<br>> <br>_____________________________=
_____________________________<br><br>Public Seismic Network Mailing List
(PSN-L)<br><br>To leave this list email <a ymailto=3D"mailto:PSN-L-REQUEST=
@.............." href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3DPSN-L-REQUEST@..............">PSN=
-L-REQUEST@..............</a> with the body of the message (first line only=
): unsubscribe<br>See <a href=3D"http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html" t=
arget=3D"_blank">http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html</a> for more infor=
mation.<br></div></blockquote></td></tr></table>
Subject: RE: Event file editor
From: "Steve Hammond" shammon1@.............
Date: Thu, 4 Jun 2009 22:40:04 -0700
Over the years when working with different folks from the USGS in every case
they have asked for a raw dataset with no edits and no filters. They also
wanted non event data on both sides of the event. For simple local events
that lasted just a few seconds we have supplied them with apx three min
worth of raw data.
Regards, Steve Hammond PSN San Jose, Aptos California
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of Larry Conklin
Sent: Wednesday, June 03, 2009 5:17 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Event file editor
Well, the program saves the original file as a .BAK and creates an
edited version with the original file name. So you get to eat your cake
and archive it too, if that is what you want. I make no allusions that
my data has any significant scientific value.
Larry
Geoffrey wrote:
> I would think if you are serious as scientist
> you keep the raw file
> as it originally was even with the flaws.
> Any modification to the data renders it
> useless of most scientific value by
> creating a subjective work of art.
>
> But the tool might be useful such as before doing an fft
> by getting rid of cal marks or such.
>
>
> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Larry Conklin" <lconklin@............>
> To: "PSN List" <PSN-L@..............>
> Sent: Wednesday, June 03, 2009 7:40 AM
> Subject: Event file editor
>
>
>> A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a convenient
>> way to edit spurious spikes out of an event data file. Since I have
>> the same problem, I decided to write a simple little program for
>> editing PSNTYPE4 event data files. The program prompts for the start
>> and end times of the segment you want to edit and replaces the
>> offending data samples with zeros. Not very fancy, but it works. If
>> anyone would like a copy of the tool and/or the source code, I would
>> be happy to send it to you.
>>
>> Larry Conklin
>> Liverpool, NY
>> lconklin@............
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
>> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Event file editor
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Sat, 6 Jun 2009 11:13:23 -0700
Wunderbar;
I just love to have my Kate and Edith too.
:-)
----- Original Message -----
From: "Steve Hammond" <shammon1@.............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Thursday, June 04, 2009 10:40 PM
Subject: RE: Event file editor
> Over the years when working with different folks from the USGS in every case
> they have asked for a raw dataset with no edits and no filters. They also
> wanted non event data on both sides of the event. For simple local events
> that lasted just a few seconds we have supplied them with apx three min
> worth of raw data.
> Regards, Steve Hammond PSN San Jose, Aptos California
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
> Behalf Of Larry Conklin
> Sent: Wednesday, June 03, 2009 5:17 PM
> To: psn-l@..............
> Subject: Re: Event file editor
>
> Well, the program saves the original file as a .BAK and creates an
> edited version with the original file name. So you get to eat your cake
> and archive it too, if that is what you want. I make no allusions that
> my data has any significant scientific value.
>
> Larry
>
>
> Geoffrey wrote:
>> I would think if you are serious as scientist
>> you keep the raw file
>> as it originally was even with the flaws.
>> Any modification to the data renders it
>> useless of most scientific value by
>> creating a subjective work of art.
>>
>> But the tool might be useful such as before doing an fft
>> by getting rid of cal marks or such.
>>
>>
>> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Larry Conklin" <lconklin@............>
>> To: "PSN List" <PSN-L@..............>
>> Sent: Wednesday, June 03, 2009 7:40 AM
>> Subject: Event file editor
>>
>>
>>> A couple of weeks ago, someone asked whether there was a convenient
>>> way to edit spurious spikes out of an event data file. Since I have
>>> the same problem, I decided to write a simple little program for
>>> editing PSNTYPE4 event data files. The program prompts for the start
>>> and end times of the segment you want to edit and replaces the
>>> offending data samples with zeros. Not very fancy, but it works. If
>>> anyone would like a copy of the tool and/or the source code, I would
>>> be happy to send it to you.
>>>
>>> Larry Conklin
>>> Liverpool, NY
>>> lconklin@............
>>> __________________________________________________________
>>>
>>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>>
>>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
>>> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>>
>> __________________________________________________________
>>
>> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>>
>> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with the body of
>> the message (first line only): unsubscribe
>> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Focal Mech Balls
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Sun, 7 Jun 2009 22:39:14 -0700
Can someone help explain how to read these first motion focal mechanism
diagram balls? I have always seen these but was not able to decipher them
too well.
http://quake.wr.usgs.gov/recenteqs/QuakeAddons/nc40237749.ncfm1.html
------------------
Kareem J. Lanier
El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32)
East Bay Area Region
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Focal Mech Balls
From: Dave Nelson dave.nelson@...............
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 2009 15:48:01 +1000
Hi Kareem,
I have a starter on my www pages that I did some years ago
it came out of my studies for my BSc in Geology during the 1990's
http://www.sydneystormcity.com/fomec.htm
its a starting point for you :)
Dave N
Sydney
At 10:39 PM 6/7/2009 -0700, you wrote:
>Can someone help explain how to read these first motion focal mechanism
>diagram balls? I have always seen these but was not able to decipher them
>too well.
>
>http://quake.wr.usgs.gov/recenteqs/QuakeAddons/nc40237749.ncfm1.html
>------------------
>Kareem J. Lanier
>El Sobrante, California (N37.96 W122.32)
>East Bay Area Region
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Placing Geophone on Negative Feedback leg of op amp
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 2009 17:20:48 -0700
Hello Chris;
I tried the technique you suggested and
in preliminary testing I believe I received
a recent Alaska teleseismic quake of
4.1 at 38 degrees. It was deep ( 131Km )
and only barely perceptible using audacity
to hear it and Winquake to filter/integrate
the results. This is the weakest signal received
by me that I could still say it was some kind
of earth quake.
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsus/Quakes/ak00108399.php
I could never say 100% it is in fact an Eq yet
the frequency range and time of arrival
( within 2 to 3 seconds of theoretical )
suggests to me it was in fact the Alaska event.
ARRIVAL TIME here: 18:46:21_2009JUN09_UTC
I was not able to use this idea before because
of drift with high gain but since using a DC
blocker (HPF) your idea has been working.
Placing the geophone between ground and the negative
input of the preamp/LPF with a 100K feedback resistor
gives about x228 of gain in the preamp for this setup.
Thanks for the recommendation.
Regards
geoff
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Minor changes to my lehman seismomter
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 2009 01:02:10 +0000
Hi all
I did make some final changes to my lehman seismometer. The basic for
this change was to make the arm movement stable, but I found out that
the other setup was unstable when I got 12 second period. The current
setup gives me 12 second period with out issues.
Here are pictures of the changes.
http://www.jonfr.com/myndir/v/geology/lehman/p6110001.jpg.html
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: Pete Rowe ptrowe@.........
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 2009 20:34:53 -0700 (PDT)
Hi Kareem
I haven't forgotten to send the ink to you. I have just been too busy to pa=
ck it up and ship it.
I have a nice Esterline Angus chart recorder with paper and pens that you c=
an have if you come to San Jose to pick it up. I ran it in my early seismom=
eter days. Now I'm all computerized.
I have house guests arriving Friday and another set arriving Monday. I will=
get the ink to you in a week or so.
Pete
--- On Tue, 5/5/09, Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............> wrote:
From: Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............>
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Tuesday, May 5, 2009, 8:14 AM
This sounds like a good idear too.
What kind of ink should I get and from where should I obtain it?
=20
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of Barry Lotz
Sent: Monday, April 27, 2009 7:38 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
Kareem
Someone told me years ago to add a little glycerin to the ink to increase
the ink drying time and prevent clogging. I haven't tried it.
Regards
Barry
--- On Sun, 4/26/09, Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............> wrote:
=A0=A0=A0 From: Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............>
=A0=A0=A0 Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
=A0=A0=A0 To: psn-l@..............
=A0=A0=A0 Date: Sunday, April 26, 2009, 7:58 AM
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0 Thanks for your replies..
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0 I would love to get the cleaning fluid and wire. Where would one
find such
=A0=A0=A0 materials? What's "OD?"
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0 -----Original Message-----
=A0=A0=A0 From: psn-l-request@..............
[mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
=A0=A0=A0 Behalf Of ChrisAtUpw@.......
=A0=A0=A0 Sent: Saturday, April
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A025, 2009 11:03 AM
=A0=A0=A0 To: psn-l@..............
=A0=A0=A0 Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0 In a message dated 25/04/2009, system98765@............. writes:
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0 =A0=A0=A0 IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I need a new pen for =
it. I
can't
=A0=A0=A0 seem to get a new pen from any viable sources. The manufacturer
wants to
=A0=A0=A0 charge an enormous amount of money. I wasn't sure if anyone knew =
how
to
=A0=A0=A0 make
=A0=A0=A0 one or point me in that direction. It just looks like a metal tub=
e
(very,
=A0=A0=A0 very small) that has a bend in it so that makes contact with the
paper.
=A0=A0=A0 =A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0 Hi Kareem,
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0
=A0=A0=A0 =A0 =A0 What is the matter with your existing pen? You can buy a =
special
=A0=A0=A0 cleaning fluid for capillary pens. You can also buy fine wire for
cleaning
=A0=A0=A0 out small tubes. I usually use fine piano wire or hard Nichrome
wire, ground
=A0=A0=A0 to a diagonal knife end. If you have a problem in getting cleanin=
g
fluid,
=A0=A0=A0 look for paint stripper fluid containing Methylene Chloride.
=A0=A0=A0 =A0 =A0 I can buy
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0very small bore SS tube quite easily. What is the OD of your
=A0=A0=A0 existing tube?=20
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0
=A0=A0=A0 =A0 =A0 Regards,
=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0
=A0=A0=A0 =A0 =A0 Chris Chapman
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0 __________________________________________________________
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0 Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
=A0=A0=A0=20
=A0=A0=A0 To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with=20
=A0=A0=A0 the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
=A0=A0=A0 See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
=0A=0A=0A
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;">Hi Kareem<br>I haven't forgotten to send the =
ink to you. I have just been too busy to pack it up and ship it.<br>I have =
a nice Esterline Angus chart recorder with paper and pens that you can have=
if you come to San Jose to pick it up. I ran it in my early seismometer da=
ys. Now I'm all computerized.<br>I have house guests arriving Friday and an=
other set arriving Monday. I will get the ink to you in a week or so.<br>Pe=
te<br><br>--- On <b>Tue, 5/5/09, Kareem Lanier <i><system98765@heyjoojoo=
..com></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style=3D"border-left: 2px solid rgb(=
16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"><br>From: Kareem Lanier=
<system98765@.............><br>Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetri=
cs PS2<br>To: psn-l@..............<br>Date: Tuesday, May 5, 2009, 8:14 AM<b=
r><br><div class=3D"plainMail">This sounds like a good idear too.<br><br>Wh=
at kind
of ink should I get and from where should I obtain it?<br><br> <br><br>---=
--Original Message-----<br>From: <a ymailto=3D"mailto:psn-l-request@webtron=
ics.com" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dpsn-l-request@..............">psn-l-reque=
st@..............</a> [mailto:<a ymailto=3D"mailto:psn-l-request@webtronics=
..com" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dpsn-l-request@..............">psn-l-request@=
webtronics.com</a>] On<br>Behalf Of Barry Lotz<br>Sent: Monday, April 27, 2=
009 7:38 PM<br>To: <a ymailto=3D"mailto:psn-l@.............." href=3D"/mc/c=
ompose?to=3Dpsn-l@..............">psn-l@..............</a><br>Subject: RE: =
Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2<br><br>Kareem<br>Someone told me years ago t=
o add a little glycerin to the ink to increase<br>the ink drying time and p=
revent clogging. I haven't tried it.<br>Regards<br>Barry<br><br><br>--- On =
Sun, 4/26/09, Kareem Lanier <<a ymailto=3D"mailto:system98765@...........
com" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dsystem98765@.............">system98765@heyjoo=
joo.com</a>>
wrote:<br><br><br> From: Kareem Lanier <<a ymailto=3D=
"mailto:system98765@............." href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dsystem98765@hey=
joojoo.com">system98765@.............</a>><br> Subject=
: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2<br> To: <a ymailto=
=3D"mailto:psn-l@.............." href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dpsn-l@............
com">psn-l@..............</a><br> Date: Sunday, April 26,=
2009, 7:58 AM<br> <br> <br>  =
; Thanks for your replies..<br> <br> &nb=
sp; I would love to get the cleaning fluid and wire. Where would one<br>fin=
d such<br> materials? What's "OD?"<br> &=
nbsp; <br> <br> -----Original Mess=
age-----<br> From: <a ymailto=3D"mailto:psn-l-request@web=
tronics.com"
href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dpsn-l-request@..............">psn-l-request@webtr=
onics.com</a><br>[mailto:<a ymailto=3D"mailto:psn-l-request@.............."=
href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dpsn-l-request@..............">psn-l-request@webtr=
onics.com</a>] On<br> Behalf Of <a ymailto=3D"mailto:Chri=
sAtUpw@......." href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3DChrisAtUpw@.......">ChrisAtUpw@aol=
..com</a><br> Sent: Saturday, April<br> &=
nbsp; 25, 2009 11:03 AM<br> To: <a ymailto=3D"mailto=
:psn-l@.............." href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dpsn-l@..............">psn-l=
@..............</a><br> Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinem=
etrics PS2<br> <br> In a message dated =
25/04/2009, <a ymailto=3D"mailto:system98765@............." href=3D"/mc/com=
pose?to=3Dsystem98765@.............">system98765@.............</a> writes:<=
br> <br> IT's a kine=
metrics PS2 system
and I need a new pen for it. I<br>can't<br> seem to get =
a new pen from any viable sources. The manufacturer<br>wants to<br> &n=
bsp; charge an enormous amount of money. I wasn't sure if anyone knew=
how<br>to<br> make<br> one or point me=
in that direction. It just looks like a metal tube<br>(very,<br> &nbs=
p; very small) that has a bend in it so that makes contact with the<b=
r>paper.<br> <br> <b=
r> Hi Kareem,<br> <br> =
What is the matter with your existing pen? You c=
an buy a special<br> cleaning fluid for capillary pens. Y=
ou can also buy fine wire for<br>cleaning<br> out small t=
ubes. I usually use fine piano wire or hard Nichrome<br>wire, ground<br>&nb=
sp; to a diagonal knife end. If you have a problem in
getting cleaning<br>fluid,<br> look for paint stripper f=
luid containing Methylene Chloride.<br> I c=
an buy<br> very small bore SS tube quite easil=
y. What is the OD of your<br> existing tube? <br> &n=
bsp; <br> Regards,<br>&nbs=
p; <br> Chris Chapma=
n<br> <br> ____________________________=
______________________________<br> <br> =
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)<br> <br>&nbs=
p; To leave this list email <a ymailto=3D"mailto:PSN-L-REQUEST@=
SEISMICNET.COM" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3DPSN-L-REQUEST@..............">PSN-=
L-REQUEST@..............</a> with <br> the body of the me=
ssage (first line only): unsubscribe<br> See <a
href=3D"http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html" target=3D"_blank">http://=
www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html</a> for more information.<br><br><br>_____=
_____________________________________________________<br><br>Public Seismic=
Network Mailing List (PSN-L)<br><br>To leave this list email <a ymailto=3D=
"mailto:PSN-L-REQUEST@.............." href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3DPSN-L-REQUES=
T@..............">PSN-L-REQUEST@..............</a> with <br>the body of the=
message (first line only): unsubscribe<br>See <a href=3D"http://www.seismi=
cnet.com/maillist.html" target=3D"_blank">http://www.seismicnet.com/maillis=
t.html</a> for more information.<br></div></blockquote></td></tr></table><b=
r>=0A=0A=0A=0A
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
From: "Kareem Lanier" system98765@.............
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 2009 20:48:02 -0700
Hi Pete,
Thanks so much. I'm totally patient and will be absolutely willing to drive
to San Jose to pick up the ink and the chart recorder.
That is very nice of you.
Kareem
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of Pete Rowe
Sent: Wednesday, June 10, 2009 8:35 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
Hi Kareem
I haven't forgotten to send the ink to you. I have just been too busy to
pack it up and ship it.
I have a nice Esterline Angus chart recorder with paper and pens that you
can have if you come to San Jose to pick it up. I ran it in my early
seismometer days. Now I'm all computerized.
I have house guests arriving Friday and another set arriving Monday. I will
get the ink to you in a week or so.
Pete
--- On Tue, 5/5/09, Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............> wrote:
From: Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............>
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Tuesday, May 5, 2009, 8:14 AM
This sounds like a good idear too.
What kind of ink should I get and from where should I obtain it?
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@..............
[mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of Barry Lotz
Sent: Monday, April 27, 2009 7:38 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
Kareem
Someone told me years ago to add a little glycerin to the ink to
increase
the ink drying time and prevent clogging. I haven't tried it.
Regards
Barry
--- On Sun, 4/26/09, Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............>
wrote:
From: Kareem Lanier <system98765@.............>
Subject: RE: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Sunday, April 26, 2009, 7:58 AM
Thanks for your replies..
I would love to get the cleaning fluid and wire. Where would one
find such
materials? What's "OD?"
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@..............
[mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of ChrisAtUpw@.......
Sent: Saturday, April
25, 2009 11:03 AM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: Re: Pen needed for Kinemetrics PS2
In a message dated 25/04/2009, system98765@............. writes:
IT's a kinemetrics PS2 system and I need a new pen for it. I
can't
seem to get a new pen from any viable sources. The manufacturer
wants to
charge an enormous amount of money. I wasn't sure if anyone knew
how
to
make
one or point me in that direction. It just looks like a metal
tube
(very,
very small) that has a bend in it so that makes contact with the
paper.
Hi Kareem,
What is the matter with your existing pen? You can buy a
special
cleaning fluid for capillary pens. You can also buy fine wire
for
cleaning
out small tubes. I usually use fine piano wire or hard Nichrome
wire, ground
to a diagonal knife end. If you have a problem in getting
cleaning
fluid,
look for paint stripper fluid containing Methylene Chloride.
I can buy
very small bore SS tube quite easily. What is the OD of your
existing tube?
Regards,
Chris Chapman
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more
information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: PSN data files
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F3n_Fr=EDmann?= jonfr@.........
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2009 01:01:13 +0000
Hi all!
Is there a way to instert data from a text-file list into many PSN files
at once ? I ask because at current time I have around ~700 files to
short out and with out good program to update many files at once, it is
going to take me a long time to finish it. I do not know how many files
I am going to be left with unlocated earthquakes, but there are always
few in my experience. But this always happens after a big earthquake
swarm here in Iceland.
Regards.
--=20
J=F3n Fr=EDmann
http://www.jonfr.com
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Inertial wheel sensor ?
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2009 19:22:45 -0700
Hello Folks;
Have any of you guys ever heard
of an inertia wheel sensor ?
Sort of like a gyroscope wheel
only it sets there still waiting
for tilt action or whatever.
Id have no ideas what kind of
bearings such a wheel should have
or how to mount a sensor. But
Id think such inertia arranged
in that manner might make a sensor.
I was just watching them build a
watch on tv and thought that
little spring balance wheel might somehow
make a seismic sensor or tilt meter.
geoff
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Inertia Wheel Sensor
From: Chuck/Judy Burch cjburch@...........
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2009 08:51:22 -0600
Geoff,
A wheel with most of its mass at the rim has a large moment of inertia
(the rotational analog of mass). If it's mounted with the axis
horizontal using a very low friction bearing, then it will tend to stay
at rest if the local earth's surface tilts. Morrissey constructed a
balance beam tiltmeter that operated on the same principle. It's
described on his website.
Chuck Burch
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Seismic data filtering
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2009 21:31:56 -0400
Hi all,
I am kind of a nut about preparing professional-looking event files,
and proper filtering is very important to me. I have given most of the
following discourse before, but I want to say it again.
MY THOUGHTS ON SEISMIC DATA FILTERING.
On most seismic events, it is necessary to filter the raw data in
order to suppress cultural noise to get a better view of the ground
motions of the event. First off, the sensor itself filters the data,
and the amplifier filters the sensor output. The digitization process
can also filter (and distort) the data. We can never truly sense
ground motion, but we can hope to reproduce accurately enough the data
of interest.
Sensors of the force-feedback type are best for high fidelity
detection of ground motion. Most amateurs are limited to the use of
open loop pendulum types, such as the horizontal Lehman sensor and
vertical sensors of the spring supported pendulum type. Open loop
sensors can only accurately reproduce signals appreciably higher than
the natural resonant frequency of the pendulum. A signal at the
resonant frequency of the pendulum is shifted 90 degrees leading in
phase, and its amplitude is proportional to the Q of the system. Q is
inversely proportional to the damping factor, D. The relationship is Q
=3D 0.5/D. Critical damping occurs when D=3D1 or Q=3D0.5. Usual practice is
to adjust damping to a value of about 0.6, just low enough to sense a
little overshoot on the return of a displaced pendulum to equilibrium.
If you use more damping, you have little idea of how much it is, and
if you use less damping, you may get ringing on seismic signals. At
frequencies below resonance, the response falls off rapidly at a rate
of 12 decibels per octave, and the phase shift heads toward 180
degrees leading.
One can infer from the above that one should strive for a pendulum
period longer than the longest period one wishes to reproduce.
However, the difficulty of achieving this goal goes up as the square
of the period. Horizontal sensors cannot distinguish the difference
between horizontal ground acceleration and ground tilt, and the
response to tilt goes up as the square of the period. Most amateurs do
not have a site really stable in tilt. The same can be said for
temperature stability. Temperature fluctuations can cause the sensor
to change its alignment, producing the same problems as ground tilt
changes.
All this said, we amateurs just have to do the best we can with what
we have, but my signal processing utilities can make a lot of
improvement in the recorded data.
After the sensor comes the amplifier, which must also attenuate high
frequency signal components to avoid aliasing at the subsequent
sampling and digitization steps. Less low pass filtering is needed the
higher the sampling rate. It is best to sample at a high rate, and
then sample average n data points taken at the high rate to get a
final sample rate 1/n times the input sample rate. My Dataq
acquisition system does that automatically for me. Its A/D samples at
240 samples per second overall. If I record three channels, each is
being sampled at a rate of 80 samples per second. I usually set my
recorded rate at 5 samples per second per channel, so the Dataq
recorder averages 16 data samples for each data point recorded. This
process largely avoids any aliasing, effectively suppresses high
frequency noise, and gives me 14 bit resolution out my 12-bit A/D.
Once we have logged data, we still must usually digitally filter it
to suppress unwanted frequency components, both low frequencies and
high frequencies. However, filtering done inappropriately can really
mess up the waveform of the signal we want to preserve. WinQuake is a
marvelous program, grateful thanks to Larry Cochrane, and we would be
in the Dark Ages without it. However, it offers so many choices on
filtering that the na=EFve user has ample opportunity to do bad things.
I do not believe in ever using more than 4 poles in the filters, for
example. The more poles you use, the sharper the cutoff, the more the
signal is time delayed and distorted, and more ringing may occur. I
also prefer not to use WinQuake's causal Butterworth filter, which is
the only IIR choice offered. I prefer to use only the filters
implemented in my "WQFilter.exe" application. My filters are not
causal (i.e., operating only on present and past data, as analog
filters do), but operate on past, present, and future data to yield
the present filtered data point. What I do to achieve this is to
filter the data series forward in time in the usual manner, and then
apply the filter to that result again, but backward in time. This
results in output data that is undistorted in time and phase. To use a
photographic analogy, it softens the noise in a grainy picture by
defocusing it rather than smearing it. Most often, I use a 2nd order
Butterworth run forward and backward through the recorded time series
to yield a 4-pole zero lag filter. Its response is 6 dB down at the
corner frequency, and falls at the rate of 24 dB per octave for
frequencies outside the passband. It suppresses unwanted frequencies,
without much ringing.
WinQuake also features FFT filtering, which is also non-causal and
yields zero lag and no phase distortion. I have tested its spectral
response, and it matches the classical Butterworth response. If you
use FFT filtering, I recommend no more than 2 or 4 poles.
I have also developed a special digital filter for extending the
useful bandwidth of an open loop sensor to lower frequencies. It is
essentially a mathematically correct "bass boost" amplifier that
corrects for the fall off of response of the sensor to frequencies
below the natural period, and can even correct for the gain error
caused by damping. To get the correct output, the sensor's natural
period must be accurately known. The damping factor must also be
known, but it is not so critical. My vertical sensor has a period of
4.4 seconds. I routinely apply this filter to its data, to emulate the
output of a 32-second sensor. My horizontal sensors are adjusted to 8
and 13 seconds, respectively, and I routinely extend their period to
32 seconds. I get heliplots that closely resemble those displayed at
the nearby LDEO Palisades web site, which uses the expensive STS-2
force feedback sensor, but of course I show reduced amplitude on very
long period waves, and a lot more cultural noise. I use DC-coupled
amplifiers in order not to attenuate further the low amplitude low
frequency signal components. Along with the longer period performance
comes greater sensitivity to tilt from moving around my site and from
wind. I can't get away from that. What is very bad and troublesome at
times is that any spurious spikes in the data show up in the filtered
output as large transients, like someone tapped a long period
pendulum.
I have developed a utility program called "WQFilter.exe" which can
be used to apply all my filters to WinQuake event files. Should you
want to experiment, you can get the latest version from page "WinQuake
and SAC Utility Programs". You should use the "LONG PERIOD Plus HPF"
option. It applies the period extending filter, followed by a backward
Butterworth high pass filter set to the same period as the period
extending filter. This results in better rejection of low frequency
noise, and very importantly, it eliminates all phase and time
distortion from the filtered record. To preserve time and phase on the
high frequency end of the spectrum, the low-pass filter should filter
in both time directions.
Since it is very difficult to build open loop vertical sensors
having more than a few seconds natural period, my period extending
filter is practically a must for amateur vertical sensors. I would
encourage amateurs to acquire or build vertical sensors. They are much
better than horizontal sensors for detecting P waves. They do not
respond to ground tilt, so their signals are ideal for digital period
extension filtering.
Bob McClure
http://bobmcclure90.googlepages.com/home
Original July 2004
Revised August 2008, and June 2009
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: Seismic data filtering
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2009 18:12:56 EDT
In a message dated 15/06/2009, bobmcclure90@......... writes:
MY THOUGHTS ON SEISMIC DATA FILTERING.
On most seismic events, it is necessary to filter the raw data in order=
to
suppress cultural noise to get a better view of the ground motions of th=
e
event. First off, the sensor itself filters the data,
and the amplifier filters the sensor output. The digitization process can=
also filter (and distort) the data. We can never truly sense ground motio=
n,
but we can hope to reproduce accurately enough the data of interest.
Sensors of the force-feedback type are best for high fidelity detection=
of
ground motion. Most amateurs are limited to the use of open loop pendulum=
types, such as the horizontal Lehman sensor and vertical sensors of the=
spring supported pendulum type. Open loop sensors can only accurately
reproduce signals appreciably higher than the natural resonant frequency=
of the
pendulum.
Hi Bob,
Are you forgetting period extending amplifiers, which can extend the=
response period by x10, fairly easily? I have extended the period of an=
AS1
from 1.5 to 20 seconds quite OK this way. And it is a very considerable=
improvement! The Roberts circuit can be used, provided that you couple th=
e two
stages with a two pole high pass filter to remove the long period 1/f
noise. See _http://jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html_
(http://jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html)
A signal at the resonant frequency of the pendulum is shifted 90 degrees=
leading in phase, and its amplitude is proportional to the Q of the syste=
m.
Q is inversely proportional to the damping factor, D. The relationship is=
Q
=3D 0.5/D. Critical damping occurs when D=3D1 or Q=3D0.5. Usual practice=
is to
adjust damping to a value of about 0.6, just low enough to sense a little=
overshoot on the return of a displaced pendulum to equilibrium. If you us=
e
more damping, you have little idea of how much it is, and if you use less=
damping, you may get ringing on seismic signals. At frequencies below
resonance, the response falls off rapidly at a rate of 12 decibels per oc=
tave, and
the phase shift heads toward 180 degrees leading.
With say a 3 cycle P wave, you are driving the previously stationary=
inertial mass with a force a bit below that required to produce critical=
damping eg 0.7, so any overshoot should be quite low.
One can infer from the above that one should strive for a pendulum period=
longer than the longest period one wishes to reproduce. However, the
difficulty of achieving this goal goes up as the square
of the period. Horizontal sensors cannot distinguish the difference
between horizontal ground acceleration and ground tilt, and the response=
to tilt
goes up as the square of the period. Most amateurs do not have a site
really stable in tilt.
WWSSN horizontal seismometers were designed for periods of 30 seconds=
,
but were usually run at periods of 15 seconds to ensure that they did not=
drift out of the linear sense range between annual servicing. I find it=
quite satisfactory to run my Lehman at 20 seconds. They still pick up the=
occasional 40 second wave.
The same can be said for temperature stability. Temperature fluctuations=
can cause the sensor to change its alignment, producing the same problems=
as
ground tilt changes.
This depends on how well you design your sensor. I have not found any=
significant thermal drift variations on my Lehman.
All this said, we amateurs just have to do the best we can with what we
have, but my signal processing utilities can make a lot of improvement in=
the
recorded data.
After the sensor comes the amplifier, which must also attenuate high
frequency signal components to avoid aliasing at the subsequent sampling=
and
digitization steps. Less low pass filtering is needed the higher the samp=
ling
rate. It is best to sample at a high rate, and then sample average n data=
points taken at the high rate to get a final sample rate 1/n times the in=
put
sample rate. My Dataq acquisition system does that automatically for me.=
Its A/D samples at 240 samples per second overall. If I record three
channels, each is being sampled at a rate of 80 samples per second. I usu=
ally set
my recorded rate at 5 samples per second per channel, so the Dataq record=
er
averages 16 data samples for each data point recorded. This process
largely avoids any aliasing, effectively suppresses high frequency noise,=
and
gives me 14 bit resolution out my 12-bit A/D.
I don't quite follow this. With a high sample rate you will still hav=
e
higher frequency components which you don't want in your final data. This=
also rather depends on how the noise level in your ADC responds to sampli=
ng
rate changes. The 20 micro second ADCs typically had 3 bits of noise. 16=
data samples would remove two bits of ADC noise. Some of the sigma-delta=
types have only +/-1/2 LSB noise at the slower speeds.
Once we have logged data, we still must usually digitally filter it to
suppress unwanted frequency components, both low frequencies and high
frequencies. However, filtering done inappropriately can really mess up th=
e
waveform of the signal we want to preserve. WinQuake is a marvellous progr=
am,
grateful thanks to Larry Cochrane, and we would be in the Dark Ages withou=
t it.
However, it offers so many choices on filtering that the na=EFve user has=
ample opportunity to do bad things.
I do not believe in ever using more than 4 poles in the filters, for
example. The more poles you use, the sharper the cut-off, the more the si=
gnal is
time delayed and distorted, and more ringing may occur.
This mostly happens if you use Butterworth or elliptic filters. Besse=
l
filters seem to be OK, but I agree that you rarely need more than 4th
order filters. If you have been using a 10 Hz Butterworth filter, you can=
get
roughly the same HF roll off by designing a Bessel filter for 7 Hz. It
doesn't ring and there are no spiky signal delays at the band edge!
I also prefer not to use WinQuake's causal Butterworth filter, which is=
the only IIR choice offered. I prefer to use only the filters implemented=
in
my "WQFilter.exe" application. My filters are not causal (i.e., operating=
only on present and past data, as analog filters do), but operate on past=
,
present, and future data to yield the present filtered data point. What=
I do
to achieve this is to filter the data series forward in time in the usual=
manner, and then apply the filter to that result again, but backward in=
time. This results in output data that is undistorted in time and phase.=
To
use a photographic analogy, it softens the noise in a grainy picture by=
defocusing it rather than smearing it. Most often, I use a 2nd order Butt=
erworth
run forward and backward through the recorded time series to yield a
4-pole zero lag filter. Its response is 6 dB down at the corner frequency,=
and
falls at the rate of 24 dB per octave for frequencies outside the passban=
d.
It suppresses unwanted frequencies, without much ringing.
Very interesting.
WinQuake also features FFT filtering, which is also non-causal and yields=
zero lag and no phase distortion. I have tested its spectral response, an=
d
it matches the classical Butterworth response. If you use FFT filtering,=
I
recommend no more than 2 or 4 poles.
I have also developed a special digital filter for extending the useful=
bandwidth of an open loop sensor to lower frequencies. It is essentially=
a
mathematically correct "bass boost" amplifier that
corrects for the fall off of response of the sensor to frequencies below=
the natural period, and can even correct for the gain error caused by
damping. To get the correct output, the sensor's natural
period must be accurately known. The damping factor must also be known,=
but it is not so critical. My vertical sensor has a period of 4.4 seconds=
.. I
routinely apply this filter to its data, to emulate the
output of a 32-second sensor.
This requires an additional maximum gain of x53, so if your backgroun=
d
levels are say 200 counts, you will likely be OK.
My horizontal sensors are adjusted to 8 and 13 seconds, respectively, and=
I routinely extend their period to 32 seconds. I get heliplots that close=
ly
resemble those displayed at the nearby LDEO Palisades web site, which use=
s
the expensive STS-2 force feedback sensor, but of course I show reduced=
amplitude on very long period waves, and a lot more cultural noise. I use=
DC-coupled
amplifiers in order not to attenuate further the low amplitude low
frequency signal components. Along with the longer period performance com=
es
greater sensitivity to tilt from moving around my site and from wind. I =
can't get
away from that. What is very bad and troublesome at times is that any
spurious spikes in the data show up in the filtered output as large trans=
ients,
like someone tapped a long period pendulum.
There is really no problem in making horizontal sensors with periods=
of up to 30 seconds. I get about 2 mm cyclic tilt drift in a linear outpu=
t
range of +/-10mm. If you use a position sensor as opposed to magnet +=
coil
induction, you can use the integrated output to keep the mass centralised=
..
Adding a couple of photocells, a long integration period amplifier and a=
small coil can also do this job.
I have developed a utility program called "WQFilter.exe" which can be use=
d
to apply all my filters to WinQuake event files. Should you want to
experiment, you can get the latest version from page "WinQuake and SAC Ut=
ility
Programs". You should use the "LONG PERIOD Plus HPF" option. It applies=
the
period extending filter, followed by a backward Butterworth high pass fil=
ter
set to the same period as the period extending filter. This results in
better rejection of low frequency noise, and very importantly, it elimina=
tes
all phase and time distortion from the filtered record. To preserve time=
and
phase on the high frequency end of the spectrum, the low-pass filter
should filter in both time directions.
I certainly appreciate the great value of what you have achieved with=
digital filters.
Since it is very difficult to build open loop vertical sensors having more=
than a few seconds natural period, my period extending filter is
practically a must for amateur vertical sensors. I would encourage amateu=
rs to
acquire or build vertical sensors. They are much better than horizontal=
sensors
for detecting P waves. They do not respond to ground tilt, so their signa=
ls
are ideal for digital period extension filtering.
You have a free choice with 24 bit ADC systems. With 16 bit systems,=
the long period response can be comparable to, or below the digital step=
amplitude for small amplitude quakes. 1/f^2 analog period extension is a=
viable alternative out to x10 with no restriction on signal amplitude.
Unless you use either a hermetic container, or pressure compensation,=
atmospheric noise should be the principal source with a vertical sensor.=
Have you tried compensating this?
Best Regards,
Chris
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DISO-8859-1=
">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16850" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>In a message dated 15/06/2009, bobmcclure90@......... writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>MY
THOUGHTS ON SEISMIC DATA FILTERING.<BR><BR> On most seismic events=
, it
is necessary to filter the raw data in order to suppress cultural noise&=
nbsp;
to get a better view of the ground motions of the event. First off, the=
sensor
itself filters the data,<BR>and the amplifier filters the sensor output.=
The
digitization process can also filter (and distort) the data. We can neve=
r
truly sense ground motion, but we can hope to reproduce accurately enoug=
h the
data of interest.<BR><BR> Sensors of the force-feedback type are=
best
for high fidelity detection of ground motion. Most amateurs are limited=
to the
use of open loop pendulum types, such as the horizontal Lehman sensor an=
d
vertical sensors of the spring supported pendulum type. Open loop sensor=
s can
only accurately reproduce signals appreciably higher than the natural re=
sonant
frequency of the pendulum.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV>Hi Bob,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Are you forgetting period extending amplifier=
s,
which can extend the response period by x10, fairly easily? I have extende=
d the
period of an AS1 from 1.5 to 20 seconds quite OK this way. And it is=
a very
considerable improvement! The Roberts circuit can be used, provided that=
you
couple the two stages with a two pole high pass filter to remove the long=
period
1/f noise. See <A
href=3D"http://jclahr.com/science/psn/roberts/index.html">http://jclahr.co=
m/science/psn/roberts/index.html</A></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>A signal
at the resonant frequency of the pendulum is shifted 90 degrees leading=
in
phase, and its amplitude is proportional to the Q of the system. Q is
inversely proportional to the damping factor, D. The relationship is Q=
=3D
0.5/D. Critical damping occurs when D=3D1 or Q=3D0.5. Usual practice is=
to adjust
damping to a value of about 0.6, just low enough to sense a little overs=
hoot
on the return of a displaced pendulum to equilibrium. If you use more da=
mping,
you have little idea of how much it is, and if you use less damping, you=
may
get ringing on seismic signals. At frequencies below resonance, the resp=
onse
falls off rapidly at a rate of 12 decibels per octave, and the phase shi=
ft
heads toward 180 degrees leading.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> With say a 3 cycle P wave, you are driving th=
e
previously stationary inertial mass with a force a bit below that required=
to
produce critical damping eg 0.7, so any overshoot should be quite low.</DI=
V>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>
One can infer from the above that one should strive for a pendulum perio=
d
longer than the longest period one wishes to reproduce. However, the
difficulty of achieving this goal goes up as the square<BR>of the period=
..
Horizontal sensors cannot distinguish the difference between horizontal=
ground
acceleration and ground tilt, and the response to tilt goes up as the sq=
uare
of the period. Most amateurs do not have a site really stable in tilt.=
</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> WWSSN horizontal seismometers were designed=
for
periods of 30 seconds, but were usually run at periods of 15 seconds to en=
sure
that they did not drift out of the linear sense range between annual servi=
cing.
I find it quite satisfactory to run my Lehman at 20 seconds. They still pi=
ck up
the occasional 40 second wave.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>The same
can be said for temperature stability. Temperature fluctuations can caus=
e the
sensor to change its alignment, producing the same problems as ground ti=
lt
changes.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> This depends on how well you design your=
sensor. I have not found any significant thermal drift variations on=
my
Lehman. </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>
All this said, we amateurs just have to do the best we can with what we=
have,
but my signal processing utilities can make a lot of improvement in the=
recorded data.<BR><BR> After the sensor comes the amplifier, which=
must
also attenuate high frequency signal components to avoid aliasing at the=
subsequent sampling and digitization steps. Less low pass filtering is=
needed
the higher the sampling rate. It is best to sample at a high rate, and=
then
sample average n data points taken at the high rate to get a final sampl=
e rate
1/n times the input sample rate. My Dataq acquisition system does that=
automatically for me. Its A/D samples at 240 samples per second overall.=
If I
record three channels, each is being sampled at a rate of 80 samples per=
second. I usually set my recorded rate at 5 samples per second per chann=
el, so
the Dataq recorder averages 16 data samples for each data point recorded=
.. This
process largely avoids any aliasing, effectively suppresses high frequen=
cy
noise, and gives me 14 bit resolution out my 12-bit A/D.</FONT></BLOCKQU=
OTE>
<DIV> I don't quite follow this. With a high sample=
rate
you will still have higher frequency components which you don't want in yo=
ur
final data. This also rather depends on how the noise level in your=
ADC
responds to sampling rate changes. The 20 micro second ADCs typically had=
3 bits
of noise. 16 data samples would remove two bits of ADC noise. Some of the=
sigma-delta types have only +/-1/2 LSB noise at the slower speeds.</D=
IV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>
Once we have logged data, we still must usually digitally filter it to=
suppress unwanted frequency components, both low frequencies and high
frequencies. However, filtering done inappropriately can really mess up=
the
waveform of the signal we want to preserve. WinQuake is a marvellous pro=
gram,
grateful thanks to Larry Cochrane, and we would be in the Dark Ages with=
out
it. However, it offers so many choices on filtering that the na=EFve use=
r has
ample opportunity to do bad things.<BR> I do not=
believe in ever using more than 4 poles in the filters, for example. The=
more
poles you use, the sharper the cut-off, the more the signal is time dela=
yed
and distorted, and more ringing may occur.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> This mostly happens if you use Butterwor=
th or
elliptic filters. Bessel filters seem to be OK, but I agree that you rarel=
y need
more than 4th order filters. If you have been using a 10 Hz Butterworth fi=
lter,
you can get roughly the same HF roll off by designing a Bessel filter =
;for 7
Hz. It doesn't ring and there are no spiky signal delays at the band
edge! </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000
size=3D2> I also prefer not to use WinQuake's ca=
usal
Butterworth filter, which is the only IIR choice offered. I prefer to us=
e only
the filters implemented in my "WQFilter.exe" application. My filters are=
not
causal (i.e., operating only on present and past data, as analog filters=
do),
but operate on past, present, and future data to yield the present filte=
red
data point. What I do to achieve this is to filter the data series forwa=
rd in
time in the usual manner, and then apply the filter to that result again=
, but
backward in time. This results in output data that is undistorted in tim=
e and
phase. To use a photographic analogy, it softens the noise in a grainy=
picture
by defocusing it rather than smearing it. Most often, I use a 2nd order=
Butterworth run forward and backward through the recorded time series to=
yield
a 4-pole zero lag filter. Its response is 6 dB down at the corner freque=
ncy,
and falls at the rate of 24 dB per octave for frequencies outside the
passband. It suppresses unwanted frequencies, without much
ringing.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> Very interesting.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>
WinQuake also features FFT filtering, which is also non-causal and yield=
s zero
lag and no phase distortion. I have tested its spectral response, and it=
matches the classical Butterworth response. If you use FFT filtering, I=
recommend no more than 2 or 4 poles.<BR><BR> I have also developed=
a
special digital filter for extending the useful bandwidth of an open loo=
p
sensor to lower frequencies. It is essentially a mathematically correct=
"bass
boost" amplifier that<BR>corrects for the fall off of response of the se=
nsor
to frequencies below the natural period, and can even correct for the ga=
in
error caused by damping. To get the correct output, the sensor's
natural<BR>period must be accurately known. The damping factor must also=
be
known, but it is not so critical. My vertical sensor has a period of 4.4=
seconds. I routinely apply this filter to its data, to emulate the<BR>ou=
tput
of a 32-second sensor. </FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> This requires an additional maximum gain of=
x53, so
if your background levels are say 200 counts, you will likely be OK.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>My
horizontal sensors are adjusted to 8 and 13 seconds, respectively, and=
I
routinely extend their period to 32 seconds. I get heliplots that closel=
y
resemble those displayed at the nearby LDEO Palisades web site, which us=
es the
expensive STS-2 force feedback sensor, but of course I show reduced ampl=
itude
on very long period waves, and a lot more cultural noise. I use
DC-coupled<BR>amplifiers in order not to attenuate further the low ampli=
tude
low frequency signal components. Along with the longer period performanc=
e
comes greater sensitivity to tilt from moving around my site and from wi=
nd. I
can't get away from that. What is very bad and troublesome at times is=
that
any spurious spikes in the data show up in the filtered output as large=
transients, like someone tapped a long period pendulum.</FONT></BLOCKQUO=
TE>
<DIV> There is really no problem in making horizont=
al
sensors with periods of up to 30 seconds. I get about 2 mm cyclic til=
t
drift in a linear output range of +/-10mm. If you use a positio=
n
sensor as opposed to magnet + coil induction, you can use the integr=
ated
output to keep the mass centralised. Adding a couple of photocells, a long=
integration period amplifier and a small coil can also do this job.</=
DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2> I
have developed a utility program called "WQFilter.exe" which can be used=
to
apply all my filters to WinQuake event files. Should you want to experim=
ent,
you can get the latest version from page "WinQuake and SAC Utility Progr=
ams".
You should use the "LONG PERIOD Plus HPF" option. It applies the period=
extending filter, followed by a backward Butterworth high pass filter se=
t to
the same period as the period extending filter. This results in better=
rejection of low frequency noise, and very importantly, it eliminates al=
l
phase and time distortion from the filtered record. To preserve time and=
phase
on the high frequency end of the spectrum, the low-pass filter should fi=
lter
in both time directions.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> I certainly appreciate the great value of wha=
t you
have achieved with digital filters.</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>
Since it is very difficult to build open loop vertical sensors having mo=
re
than a few seconds natural period, my period extending filter is practic=
ally a
must for amateur vertical sensors. I would encourage amateurs to acquire=
or
build vertical sensors. They are much better than horizontal sensors for=
detecting P waves. They do not respond to ground tilt, so their signals=
are
ideal for digital period extension filtering.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<DIV> You have a free choice with 24 bit ADC system=
s.
With 16 bit systems, the long period response can be comparable to, or bel=
ow the
digital step amplitude for small amplitude quakes. 1/f^2 analog
period extension is a viable alternative out to x10 with no restricti=
on on
signal amplitude. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Unless you use either a hermetic container,&n=
bsp;or
pressure compensation, atmospheric noise should be the prin=
cipal
source with a vertical sensor. Have you tried compensating this?</DIV=
>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Best Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
From: "David Saum" DSaum@............
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2009 15:37:31 -0400
I am using Amaseis to record infrasound data
(sound below 20 Hz) and I would like to plot
my data to display dopper shifts.
My infrasound receiver is a few miles from
the Pentagon and I seem to be in the flight
path between the Pentagon and Quantico.
Every day I pick up helicopter noise in the
10 to 20 Hz band. There seems to be
a nice dopper shift that I have not figured
out how to display with seismic software.
Here is a typical SAC data file from a
helicopter overflight this morning:
http://www.infiltec.com/seismo/090618heli1.sac
The fundamental shifts from ~12.5 Hz as it
approaches, to ~9.5 Hz as it leaves.
Can anyone suggest software to plot this data
to display the dopper shift? Perhaps a stacked
3D spectra-time plot, or a 2D waterfall of
frequency vs time? Of course I can generate
any of the Amaseis file formats or any of the
WinQuake formats as program inputs.
Thanks
Dave
http://www.infiltec.com/Infrasound@home
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
From: ChrisAtUpw@.......
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2009 16:10:56 EDT
In a message dated 18/06/2009, DSaum@............ writes:
I am using Amaseis to record infrasound data (sound below 20 Hz) and I
would like to plot
my data to display dopper shifts.
Have you tried _http://www.spectrascope.com/_
(http://www.spectrascope.com/) ? I seem to remember also a free program from Germany.
Regards,
Chris Chapman
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUS-ASCII">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16850" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY=
: Arial"
bottomMargin=3D7 leftMargin=3D7 topMargin=3D7 rightMargin=3D7><FONT id=3Dr=
ole_document
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 18/06/2009, DSaum@............ writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"=
><FONT
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 siz=
e=3D2>I am
using Amaseis to record infrasound data (sound below 20 Hz) and I would=
like
to plot<BR>my data to display dopper shifts.<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DI=
V>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV> Have you tried <A
href=3D"http://www.spectrascope.com/">http://www.spectrascope.com/</A>&nbs=
p;? I
seem to remember also a free program from Germany.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Regards,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Chris Chapman</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>
Subject: Re: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2009 13:15:30 -0700
Hello Mr. Saum;
1. Sound is a subjective term.
If it can not be heard by humans its not called sound.
Vibrations if you will.
2. You are living in a sensitive area of the country.
I would recommend from personal experience you
ignore human artifacts and try to filter them out
from natural data. If you somehow draw the attention of
national security your life may wind down a very
unpleasant path of life.
3. FFT is a great way to look at any periodic thing
even earthquakes.
The results depend upon frequency resolution,
sample rates,filtering, a data base of associations.
4. be careful of alizing frequencies they are misleading.
Higher harmonics amplify any wavering in frequency.
be sure of your entire system before you try to
analyze any human thing. Humans are great at fooling
machines. 60 HZ may serve as a good reference point
to calibrate your data.
5. take up programming in BASIC or C or Assembly
make your own waterfall display to do anything
you are capable of doing.
6. Don't expect anyone to help you but if they do be thankful
in your own way.
I have found people to be very nasty when you ask for
knowledge of practically anything.
To me it is like the counter intelligence people
are dominating the internet.
They are experts at wasting human life.
7. Look at Manwith Hill England on the internet.
If you cross national lines here in the USA
Such people will be watching or filtering your
communications. Possibly DPS or FCC will be watching
anyone crossing state boundaries.
8. Forget the study of human artifacts unless you are
in possession of a PHD. They are the only people
who seem able to challenge national security.
The usa is supposedly in a state of war.
Laws differ from peace to war.
They are much, much more lax; during peacetime.
Regards;
Such Are The sayings of (Don Juan) geoff :-)
----- Original Message -----
From: "David Saum" <DSaum@............>
To: <psn-l@..............>
Sent: Thursday, June 18, 2009 12:37 PM
Subject: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
>I am using Amaseis to record infrasound data
> (sound below 20 Hz) and I would like to plot
> my data to display dopper shifts.
>
> My infrasound receiver is a few miles from
> the Pentagon and I seem to be in the flight
> path between the Pentagon and Quantico.
> Every day I pick up helicopter noise in the
> 10 to 20 Hz band. There seems to be
> a nice dopper shift that I have not figured
> out how to display with seismic software.
>
> Here is a typical SAC data file from a
> helicopter overflight this morning:
> http://www.infiltec.com/seismo/090618heli1.sac
> The fundamental shifts from ~12.5 Hz as it
> approaches, to ~9.5 Hz as it leaves.
>
> Can anyone suggest software to plot this data
> to display the dopper shift? Perhaps a stacked
> 3D spectra-time plot, or a 2D waterfall of
> frequency vs time? Of course I can generate
> any of the Amaseis file formats or any of the
> WinQuake formats as program inputs.
>
> Thanks
>
> Dave
> http://www.infiltec.com/Infrasound@home
>
> __________________________________________________________
>
> Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
>
> To leave this list email PSN-L-REQUEST@.............. with
> the body of the message (first line only): unsubscribe
> See http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.html for more information.
>
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
From: rg richg_1998@.........
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2009 13:37:03 -0700 (PDT)
Infrasound information from a Google search.
http://www.google.com/search?pz=1&ned=us&hl=en&q=infrasound&btnmeta%3Dsearch%3Dsearch=Search+the+Web
Rich
http://www.scroogle.org/
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
From: Pete Rowe ptrowe@.........
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2009 13:51:01 -0700 (PDT)
Hi David
A friend of mine, Grant Connell, has written a number of useful programs th=
at he gives away. One of which is Spectrumview.
Check out his website at http://www.hotamateurprograms.com/
I've used this program in the waterfall mode and find it easy to use.
Pete
--- On Thu, 6/18/09, David Saum <DSaum@............> wrote:
From: David Saum <DSaum@............>
Subject: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
To: psn-l@..............
Date: Thursday, June 18, 2009, 12:37 PM
I am using Amaseis to record infrasound data
(sound below 20 Hz) and I would like to plot
my data to display dopper shifts.
My infrasound receiver is a few miles from
the Pentagon and I seem to be in the flight
path between the Pentagon and Quantico.
Every day I pick up helicopter noise in the
10 to 20 Hz band.=A0 There seems to be
a nice dopper shift that I have not figured
out how to display with seismic software.
Here is a typical SAC data file from a
helicopter overflight this morning:
http://www.infiltec.com/seismo/090618heli1.sac The fundamental shifts from =
~12.5 Hz as it approaches, to ~9.5 Hz as it leaves.
Can anyone suggest software to plot this data
to display the dopper shift?=A0 Perhaps a stacked
3D spectra-time plot, or a 2D waterfall of frequency vs time?=A0 Of course =
I can generate
any of the Amaseis file formats or any of the
WinQuake formats as program inputs.
Thanks
Dave
http://www.infiltec.com/Infrasound@home
__________________________________________________________
Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
=0A=0A=0A
<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;">Hi David<br>A friend of mine, Grant Connell, =
has written a number of useful programs that he gives away. One of which is=
Spectrumview.<br>Check out his website at http://www.hotamateurprograms.co=
m/<br><br>I've used this program in the waterfall mode and find it easy to =
use.<br>Pete<br><br>--- On <b>Thu, 6/18/09, David Saum <i><DSaum@infilte=
c.com></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style=3D"border-left: 2px solid rgb=
(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"><br>From: David Saum &=
lt;DSaum@............><br>Subject: waterfall plot of infrasound data fil=
es?<br>To: psn-l@..............<br>Date: Thursday, June 18, 2009, 12:37 PM<=
br><br><div class=3D"plainMail">I am using Amaseis to record infrasound dat=
a<br>(sound below 20 Hz) and I would like to plot<br>my data to display dop=
per shifts.<br><br>My infrasound receiver is a few miles from<br>the Pentag=
on and
I seem to be in the flight<br>path between the Pentagon and Quantico.<br>E=
very day I pick up helicopter noise in the<br>10 to 20 Hz band. There=
seems to be<br>a nice dopper shift that I have not figured<br>out how to d=
isplay with seismic software.<br><br>Here is a typical SAC data file from a=
<br>helicopter overflight this morning:<br><a href=3D"http://www.infiltec.c=
om/seismo/090618heli1.sac" target=3D"_blank">http://www.infiltec.com/seismo=
/090618heli1.sac</a> The fundamental shifts from ~12.5 Hz as it approaches,=
to ~9.5 Hz as it leaves.<br><br>Can anyone suggest software to plot this d=
ata<br>to display the dopper shift? Perhaps a stacked<br>3D spectra-t=
ime plot, or a 2D waterfall of frequency vs time? Of course I can gen=
erate<br>any of the Amaseis file formats or any of the<br>WinQuake formats =
as program inputs.<br><br>Thanks<br><br>Dave<br><a href=3D"http://www.infil=
tec.com/Infrasound@home"
target=3D"_blank">http://www.infiltec.com/Infrasound@home</a><br><br>_____=
_____________________________________________________<br><br>Public Seismic=
Network Mailing List (PSN-L)<br><br>To leave this list email <a ymailto=3D=
"mailto:PSN-L-REQUEST@.............." href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3DPSN-L-REQUES=
T@..............">PSN-L-REQUEST@..............</a> with the body of the mes=
sage (first line only): unsubscribe<br>See <a href=3D"http://www.seismicnet=
..com/maillist.html" target=3D"_blank">http://www.seismicnet.com/maillist.ht=
ml</a> for more information.<br></div></blockquote></td></tr></table><br>=
=0A=0A
Subject: RE: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
From: "Timothy Carpenter" geodynamics@.......
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2009 17:06:03 -0400
David,
I've used a program called Goldwave for several years. It gives you (among
many other functions) an audio playback of your signal along with a
concurrent color spectrogram of the recording. It allows selective filtering
and variable playback speeds. For trial or purchase, go to
http://www.goldwave.com/
You may have to spend some time getting your sound files into a format
compatible with Goldwave but it does support numerous formats.
Regards,
-Tim-
Timothy Carpenter, P.E., Pres.
GeoDynamics Consultants, Inc.
5043 Whitlow Court
Commerce Township, Michigan 48382
248-363-4529 (Voice & Fax)
248-766-1629 (Cell)
geodynamics@........... (primary)
geodynamics@....... (secondary)
-----Original Message-----
From: psn-l-request@.............. [mailto:psn-l-request@............... On
Behalf Of David Saum
Sent: Thursday, June 18, 2009 3:38 PM
To: psn-l@..............
Subject: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
I am using Amaseis to record infrasound data
(sound below 20 Hz) and I would like to plot
my data to display dopper shifts.
My infrasound receiver is a few miles from
the Pentagon and I seem to be in the flight
path between the Pentagon and Quantico.
Every day I pick up helicopter noise in the
10 to 20 Hz band. There seems to be
a nice dopper shift that I have not figured
out how to display with seismic software.
Here is a typical SAC data file from a
helicopter overflight this morning:
http://www.infiltec.com/seismo/090618heli1.sac
The fundamental shifts from ~12.5 Hz as it
approaches, to ~9.5 Hz as it leaves.
Can anyone suggest software to plot this data
to display the dopper shift? Perhaps a stacked
3D spectra-time plot, or a 2D waterfall of
frequency vs time? Of course I can generate
any of the Amaseis file formats or any of the
WinQuake formats as program inputs.
Thanks
Dave
http://www.infiltec.com/Infrasound@home
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Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
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Public Seismic Network Mailing List (PSN-L)
Subject: Re: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2009 22:52:26 -0400
On Thu, Jun 18, 2009 at 3:37 PM, David Saum wrote:
Can anyone suggest software to plot this data
to display the dopper shift? Perhaps a stacked
3D spectra-time plot, or a 2D waterfall of frequency vs time? Of
course I can generate
any of the Amaseis file formats or any of the
WinQuake formats as program inputs.
Hi Dave,
For waterall displays of WAV files, I use the free Raven Lite program:
http://www.birds.cornell.edu/brp/raven/RavenOverview.html
I have my own programs for converting SAC and WinQuake files to WAV
format. See
http://bobmcclure90.googlepages.com/winsac
I will try to see if I can do anything with your file, but it is so
short the waterfall will not show much. Faster sampling would help.
Waterfall displays are helpful for analyzing music and bird songs, but
for not much good for earthquakes, for example.
---Bob
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Subject: Satellites Guide Relief to Earthquake Victims
From: "Dale Hardy" photon1@...........
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2009 21:49:46 +1000
For your information
NASA Science News for June 19, 2009
In the aftermath of a recent, deadly earthquake, the NASA-led SERVIR =
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FULL STORY at
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<DIV><FONT size=3D2>For your information</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><BR> </DIV>NASA Science News for June 19, 2009
<P>In the aftermath of a recent, deadly earthquake, the NASA-led SERVIR =
program=20
orchestrated use of satellite data to show Central American disaster =
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where help was needed most.
<P>FULL STORY at
<P><A=20
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27">http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2009/18jun_servir.htm?list920627</=
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Subject: Re: waterfall plot of infrasound data files (Helicopter.zip)
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2009 13:15:57 -0400
Hi Dave,
I had more success than I expected in making a waterfall display of
your file. I have prepared a ZIP file containing the WAV format
version, and the resulting waterfall display of the spectrum. The WAV
file sampling rate is 4.0 Khz, representing a speed-up of 78.48616
times, so the frequency scale of the waterfall plot should be divided
by this number to get the actual frequency. The time scale is
compressed by the same factor.
http://bobmcclure90.googlepages.com/Helicopter.zip
---Bob
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Subject: Re: waterfall plot of infrasound data files?
From: Robert McClure bobmcclure90@.........
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2009 22:52:26 -0400
On Thu, Jun 18, 2009 at 3:37 PM, David Saum wrote:
Can anyone suggest software to plot this data to display the dopper
shift? Perhaps a stacked 3D spectra-time plot, or a 2D waterfall of
frequency vs time? Of
course I can generate any of the Amaseis file formats or any of the
WinQuake formats as program inputs.
Hi Dave,
For waterfall displays of WAV files, I use the free Raven Lite program:
http://www.birds.cornell.edu/brp/raven/RavenOverview.html
I have my own programs for converting SAC and WinQuake files to WAV
format. See
http://bobmcclure90.googlepages.com/winsac
I will try to see if I can do anything with your file, but it is so
short the waterfall will not show much. Faster sampling would help.
Waterfall displays are helpful for analyzing music and bird songs, but
for not much good for earthquakes, for example.
---Bob
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Subj: Re: waterfall plot of infrasound data files
Date: 06/18/2009
To: dsaum@............
Hi Dave,
I will tell you how to see a "movie" of the Doppler shift in your file:
1. Load your SAC file into WinQuake.
2. Set the X-Scale to 6 seconds.
3. Select "FFT, View Only" in the "Calculate" menu.
4. In the "Window" menu, select "Arrange".
5. Click on and hold down the right arrow of the horizontal scroll bar
at the bottom of the window. You will see a succession of FFT's as the
data scrolls by. You will see a spectral peak that shifts.
Cheers,
Bob
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